scholarly journals The impact of top-down spatial attention on laterality and hemispheric asymmetry in the human parietal cortex

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Su Keun Jeong ◽  
Yaoda Xu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Attention ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Hemispheric Asymmetry ◽  
Top Down ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Top-Down Control of Human Visual Cortex by Frontal and Parietal Cortex in Anticipatory Visual Spatial Attention

2008 ◽  
Vol 28 (40) ◽  
pp. 10056-10061 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Bressler ◽  
W. Tang ◽  
C. M. Sylvester ◽  
G. L. Shulman ◽  
M. Corbetta
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Spatial Attention ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Human Visual Cortex ◽  
Visual Spatial Attention ◽  
Visual Spatial

scholarly journals Reorienting Spatial Attention within Visual Working Memory

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sizhu Han ◽  
Yixuan Ku
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Spatial Attention ◽  
Load Condition ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Attentional Processing ◽  
Neural Data ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Exogenous Cues ◽  
Sensory Cortices ◽  
The Impact

AbstractAttention and working memory (WM) are intertwined core cognitive processes. Through four experiments with 133 participants, we dissociated the impact of two types of covert spatial attention, endogenous vs. exogenous, on visual WM. Behavioral results consistently indicated that exogenous attentional cues were more advantageous than endogenous ones in enhancing the precision of visual WM under load-2, while they equalized under load-4. In addition, physiological and neural data explained the mechanisms. Converging evidence from eye-tracking, electroencephalography, and magnetoencephalography suggested that fast attentional processing induced by exogenous cues lead to early top-down information from the dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) to sensory cortices. The differential frontal activities were further correlated with the behavioral distinctions between exogenous and endogenous cues, and transcranial magnetic stimulation over DLPFC at the same time period abolished the exogenous advantage. Taken together, traditionally considered bottom-up attentional processing induced by exogenous cues rapidly engages top-down signals from the frontal cortex, which leads to stronger behavioral benefits compared with the benefits produced by endogenous cues under the low load condition.

Susceptible to Distraction: Children Lack Top-Down Control Over Spatial Attention Capture

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas Gaspelin ◽  
Tessa Margett-Jordan ◽  
Eric Ruthruff
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Attention ◽  
Attention Capture ◽  
Top Down

Occipitoparietal alpha-band responses to the graded allocation of top-down spatial attention

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (6) ◽  
pp. 1307-1316 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabel Dombrowe ◽  
Claus C. Hilgetag
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Spatial Attention ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Alpha Band ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Attentional Resources ◽  
Parietal Lobes ◽  
Visual Spatial ◽  
Entire Visual Field ◽  
Band Activity

The voluntary, top-down allocation of visual spatial attention has been linked to changes in the alpha-band of the electroencephalogram (EEG) signal measured over occipital and parietal lobes. In the present study, we investigated how occipitoparietal alpha-band activity changes when people allocate their attentional resources in a graded fashion across the visual field. We asked participants to either completely shift their attention into one hemifield, to balance their attention equally across the entire visual field, or to attribute more attention to one-half of the visual field than to the other. As expected, we found that alpha-band amplitudes decreased stronger contralaterally than ipsilaterally to the attended side when attention was shifted completely. Alpha-band amplitudes decreased bilaterally when attention was balanced equally across the visual field. However, when participants allocated more attentional resources to one-half of the visual field, this was not reflected in the alpha-band amplitudes, which just decreased bilaterally. We found that the performance of the participants was more strongly reflected in the coherence between frontal and occipitoparietal brain regions. We conclude that low alpha-band amplitudes seem to be necessary for stimulus detection. Furthermore, complete shifts of attention are directly reflected in the lateralization of alpha-band amplitudes. In the present study, a gradual allocation of visual attention across the visual field was only indirectly reflected in the alpha-band activity over occipital and parietal cortexes.

Top-down and bottom-up attention to memory: A hypothesis (AtoM) on the role of the posterior parietal cortex in memory retrieval

2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1828-1851 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisa Ciaramelli ◽  
Cheryl L. Grady ◽  
Morris Moscovitch
Keyword(s):  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Bottom Up ◽  
Posterior Parietal

When attention meets working memory: Shifted visuo-spatial attention amplifies theta:gamma phase synchronisation in the posterior parietal cortex

2007 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. e90
Author(s):  
P. Sauseng ◽  
W. Klimesch ◽  
W.R. Gruber ◽  
N. Birbaumer
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Spatial Attention ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Posterior Parietal Cortex ◽  
Posterior Parietal

scholarly journals Layer-dependent multiplicative effects of spatial attention on contrast responses in human early visual cortex

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanhua Guo ◽  
Chengwen Liu ◽  
Chencan Qian ◽  
Zihao Zhang ◽  
Kaibao Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Cortex ◽  
Spatial Attention ◽  
Middle Layer ◽  
Additive Effect ◽  
List Type ◽  
Strong Nonlinearity ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Contrast Gain ◽  
Early Visual Cortex ◽  
Deep Layers

AbstractAttention mechanisms at different cortical layers of human visual cortex remain poorly understood. Using submillimeter-resolution fMRI at 7T, we investigated the effects of top-down spatial attention on the contrast responses across different cortical depths in human early visual cortex. Gradient echo (GE) T2* weighted BOLD signal showed an additive effect of attention on contrast responses across cortical depths. Compared to the middle cortical depth, attention modulation was stronger in the superficial and deep depths of V1, and also stronger in the superficial depth of V2 and V3. Using ultra-high resolution (0.3mm in-plane) balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) fMRI, a multiplicative scaling effect of attention was found in the superficial and deep layers, but not in the middle layer of V1. Attention modulation of low contrast response was strongest in the middle cortical depths, indicating baseline enhancement or contrast gain of attention modulation on feedforward input. Finally, the additive effect of attention on T2* BOLD can be explained by strong nonlinearity of BOLD signals from large blood vessels, suggesting multiplicative effect of attention on neural activity. These findings support that top-down spatial attention mainly operates through feedback connections from higher order cortical areas, and a distinct mechanism of attention may also be associated with feedforward input through subcortical pathway.HighlightsResponse or activity gain of spatial attention in superficial and deep layersContrast gain or baseline shift of attention in V1 middle layerNonlinearity of large blood vessel causes additive effect of attention on T2* BOLD

scholarly journals Empathy in Piano Duet Rehearsal and Performance: A Response to Haddon and Hutchinson

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 157
Author(s):  
Fred Seddon
Keyword(s):  
Verbal Communication ◽  
Original Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Dual Roles ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Prior Relationship

<p>This review comments upon the article entitled above. The article is well written and describes an interesting and original study. This review critiques the Method and Discussion sections of the article and offers suggestions for future research. Three specific points from the method are considered relating to: dual roles as researcher-musicians, the use of reflective diaries in research, and the impact on the research of the prior relationship between the authors. The unique role of &ldquo;written empathy&rdquo; is discussed within the context of empathic relationships. Also, this review considers how shifts from verbal to non-verbal communication may indicate movement from a &ldquo;top-down&rdquo; to &ldquo;bottom up&rdquo; response, and how this shift is related to &ldquo;empathetic attunement.&rdquo;</p>

scholarly journals ANALYSIS OF SMES CREDIT RESTRUCTURING POLICY IN ECONOMIC RECOVERY DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 405
Author(s):  
Lussi Agustin ◽  
Moh. Yusron Solikin ◽  
Zunairoh .
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Economic Recovery ◽  
Top Down ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Industry Sectors ◽  
The Impact

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis seberapa maksimal proses kebijakan retrukturisasi Kredit UMKM dalam Pemulihan Ekonomi di Masa Pandemi Covid-19. Kondisi perekonomian global sedang mengalami goncangan hebat akibat mewabahnya Covid-19. Dampak dari pandemic ini sangat mempengaruhi segala aspek terutama pada kondisi Kesehatan dan perekonomian suatu negara, tidak terkecuali Indonesia. Secara keseluruhan, hampir semua sektor industry mengalami goncangan dan tidak terkecuali sektor UMKM. Maka dari itu dikeluarkanlah kebijakan retrukturisasi Kredit UMKM guna mendorong optimalisasi fungsi intermediasi pada perbankan dan menjaga stabilitas sistem keuangan serta mendukung pertumbuhan perekonomian. Program restrukturisasi kredit menjadi program dari OJK yang dapat diterapkan oleh perbankan kepada UMKM. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan studi empiris dari penelitian terdahulu serta peraturan-peraturan terkait dengan restrukturisasi kredit yang dikeluarkan oleh Otoritas Jasa Keuangan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa implementasi kebijakan restrukturisai kredit bagi UMKM sudah berjalan dan digunakan oleh para pelaku UMKM. Kemudian berdasarkan implementasinya kebijakan ini merupakan kebijakan top-down dimana memerlukan banyak Lembaga untuk bekerja sama dan keputusan berasal dari Peraturan pemerintah baru di teruskan ke Lembaga-lembaga lain di bawahnya hingga informasinya sampai dan bisa dirasakan oleh para UMKM.  This research aims to analyze the policy of restructuring SMEs Credit in Economic Recovery during the Covid-19 Pandemic. The global economy is experiencing severe shocks due to the outbreak of Covid-19. The impact of this pandemic greatly affects all aspects, especially on the health and economic condition of a country, not least Indonesia. Overall, almost all industry sectors are experiencing shocks and are no exception to the SMEs sector. Therefore, the policy of restructuring SMEs Credit was issued to encourage optimization of intermediation function in banking and maintain the financial system stability and support economic growth. Credit restructuring program becomes a program from OJK that can be applied by banks to SMEs. The method used in this research is a qualitative method using empirical studies from previous research as well as regulations related to credit restructuring issued by the Financial Services Authority. The results of this research show that the implementation of credit restructuring policy for SMEs is already running and used by SMEs. Then based on the difference in implementation of this policy is a top-down policy that requires many Institutions to cooperate and decisions derived from the new government regulations are forwarded to other institutions under it until the information reaches and can be felt by SMEs.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document