Greenhouse Effect: The Relative Contributions of Emission Height and Total Absorption

AbstractSince the 1970s, results from radiative transfer models unambiguously show that an increase in the carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration leads to an increase of the greenhouse effect. However, this robust result is often misunderstood and often questioned. A common argument is that the CO2 greenhouse effect is saturated (i.e., does not increase) as CO2 absorption of an entire atmospheric column, named absorptivity, is saturated. This argument is erroneous first because absorptivity by CO2 is currently not fully saturated and still increases with CO2 concentration and second because a change in emission height explains why the greenhouse effect may increase even if the absorptivity is saturated. However, these explanations are only qualitative. In this article, we first propose a way of quantifying the effects of both the emission height and absorptivity and we illustrate which one of the two dominates for a suite of simple idealized atmospheres. Then, using a line-by-line model and a representative standard atmospheric profile, we show that the increase of the greenhouse effect resulting from an increase of CO2 from its current value is primarily due (about 90%) to the change in emission height. For an increase of water vapor, the change in absorptivity plays a more important role (about 40%) but the change in emission height still has the largest contribution (about 60%).

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Carbon dioxide retrieval of Argus 1000 space data by using GENSPECT line-by-line radiative transfer model

Environment and Natural Resources Research ◽

10.5539/enrr.v9n3p77 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 77

Author(s):

R. K. Jagpal ◽

R. Siddiqui ◽

S. M. Abrarov ◽

B. M. Quine

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Radiative Transfer ◽

Greenhouse Effect ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Trace Gases ◽

Radiative Transfer Model ◽

Transfer Model ◽

Major Contributor ◽

Sources And Sinks ◽

Space Data

The micro-spectrometer Argus 1000 being in space continuously monitors the sources and sinks of the trace gases. It is commonly believed that among other gases CO_2 is the major contributor causing the greenhouse effect. Argus 1000 along its orbit gathers the valuable spectral data that can be analyzed and retrieved. In this paper we present the retrieval of CO_2 gas in the near infrared window 1580 to 1620 nm by using line-by-line code GENSPECT. The retrieved Argus 1000 space data taken over British Columbia on May 31, 2010 indicates an enhancement of CO_2 by about 30%.

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Chemical detection of certain greenhouse gases by the LIDAR Technique

Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry ◽

10.52711/0974-4150.2021.00050 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 292-296

Author(s):

Lazhar Benmebrouk ◽

Abdelmadjid Kaddour ◽

Lazhar Mohammedi ◽

Abderrahim Achouri

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Water Vapor ◽

Greenhouse Gases ◽

Nitrogen Oxide ◽

Spectral Data ◽

Greenhouse Effect ◽

Chemical Elements ◽

Lidar Signal ◽

Absorption Signal ◽

Fortran Language

The aim of this study is to detect the chemical elements of the greenhouse effect from the LIDAR signal. Using a digital program developed by Fortran language, and based on spectral data. In the present work, The LIDAR sample is clearly contains water vapor and carbon dioxide. According to our results, the content of the sample with methane and the non-detection of nitrogen oxide, due to the absence of its absorption signal in the spectral range of the experimental signal. Carbon dioxide is one of the most dangerous greenhouse gases, our results show that 1 mole of this gas requires 1.45 moles of water vapor.

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Mars: Long-Term Climate Change

Planetary Climates ◽

10.23943/princeton/9780691145044.003.0004 ◽

2013 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Andrew P. Ingersoll

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Water Vapor ◽

Solar System ◽

Liquid Water ◽

Greenhouse Warming ◽

Atmospheric Water ◽

Major Objective ◽

Current Value

This chapter examines the processes underlying long-term climate change on Mars, focusing on the so-called “faint young Sun paradox,” in which evidence of ancient rivers contradicts results from astronomy that the Sun's output in the first billion years of the solar system was seventy percent of its current value. The fascination with Mars stems in part from the possibility that life could have evolved there. Searching for evidence of liquid water, past and present, is therefore a major objective. Another objective is understanding Mars's climate, past and present. As on Earth, climate change is recorded in Mars's sediments and ice deposits. The chapter first provides an overview of Mars's climate before discussing the presence of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. It also considers condensation, evaporation, greenhouse warming, atmospheric water vapor, and the process of terraforming on Mars.

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USE OF THE INFRARED TOTAL ABSORPTION METHOD FOR ESTIMATING THE TIME COURSE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND TRANSPIRATION

Canadian Journal of Research ◽

10.1139/cjr48c-010 ◽

1948 ◽

Vol 26c (1) ◽

pp. 94-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

G. W. Scarth ◽

A. Loewy ◽

M. Shaw

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Water Vapor ◽

Time Course ◽

Leaf Temperature ◽

Spectroscopic Measurement ◽

Stomatal Movement ◽

Total Absorption ◽

Absorption Method ◽

Detached Leaf

The type of apparatus designed by Dingle and Pryce for determining the concentration of carbon dioxide in air by non-spectroscopic measurement of its absorption of infrared has been modified so as to increase its accuracy greatly. Less than one part by volume of carbon dioxide in a million of air can now be measured at speeds ranging from 10-min.-interval to continuous readings. Water vapor can also be measured accurately and continuously.Examples are given of the use of the technique in following the time course of photosynthesis and transpiration, including a correlation of the courses of these processes with leaf temperature and stomatal movement during rapid wilting of a detached leaf of Pelargonium.

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