scholarly journals Annual Cycles of Surface Shortwave Radiative Fluxes

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 535-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne C. Wilber ◽  
G. Louis Smith ◽  
Shashi K. Gupta ◽  
Paul W. Stackhouse
Keyword(s):  
Large Degree ◽  
Temporal Variations ◽  
Empirical Orthogonal Functions ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Radiation Budget ◽  
Shortwave Radiation ◽  
Orthogonal Functions ◽  
Radiative Fluxes ◽  
Annual Cycles ◽  
Surface Radiation Budget

Abstract The annual cycles of surface shortwave flux are investigated using the 8-yr dataset of the surface radiation budget (SRB) components for the period July 1983–June 1991. These components include the downward, upward, and net shortwave radiant fluxes at the earth's surface. The seasonal cycles are quantified in terms of principal components that describe the temporal variations and empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) that describe the spatial patterns. The major part of the variation is simply due to the variation of the insolation at the top of the atmosphere, especially for the first term, which describes 92.4% of the variance for the downward shortwave flux. However, for the second term, which describes 4.1% of the variance, the effect of clouds is quite important and the effect of clouds dominates the third term, which describes 2.4% of the variance. To a large degree the second and third terms are due to the response of clouds to the annual cycle of solar forcing. For net shortwave flux at the surface, similar variances are described by each term. The regional values of the EOFs are related to climate classes, thereby defining the range of annual cycles of shortwave radiation for each climate class.

scholarly journals Annual Cycle of Surface Longwave Radiation

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1212-1224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela E. Mlynczak ◽  
G. Louis Smith ◽  
Anne C. Wilber ◽  
Paul W. Stackhouse
Keyword(s):  
Annual Cycle ◽  
Water Cycle ◽  
Thermal Inertia ◽  
Longwave Radiation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Empirical Orthogonal Functions ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Radiation Budget ◽  
Orthogonal Functions ◽  
Annual Cycles

AbstractThe annual cycles of upward and downward longwave fluxes at the earth’s surface are investigated by use of the NASA Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) Surface Radiation Budget Dataset. Principal component analysis is used to quantify the annual cycles. Because of the immense difference between the heat capacity of land and ocean, the surface of the earth is partitioned into these two categories. Over land, the first principal component describes over 95% of the variance of the annual cycle of the upward and downward longwave fluxes. Over ocean the first term describes more than 87% of these annual cycles. Empirical orthogonal functions show the corresponding geographical distributions of these cycles. Phase-plane diagrams of the annual cycles of upward longwave fluxes as a function of net shortwave flux show the thermal inertia of land and ocean.

scholarly journals Estimation of Land Surface Incident and Net Shortwave Radiation from Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Using an Optimization Method

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4153
Author(s):  
Yi Zhang ◽  
Shunlin Liang ◽  
Tao He ◽  
Dongdong Wang ◽  
Yunyue Yu
Keyword(s):  
Land Surface ◽  
Infrared Imaging ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Radiation Budget ◽  
Shortwave Radiation ◽  
Modis Data ◽  
Surface Radiation Budget ◽  
Mean Square Errors ◽  
Key Parameter

Incident surface shortwave radiation (ISR) is a key parameter in Earth’s surface radiation budget. Many reanalysis and satellite-based ISR products have been developed, but they often have insufficient accuracy and resolution for many applications. In this study, we extended our optimization method developed earlier for the MODIS data with several major improvements for estimating instantaneous and daily ISR and net shortwave radiation (NSR) from Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite observations (VIIRS), including (1) an integrated framework that combines look-up table and parameter optimization; (2) enabling the calculation of net shortwave radiation (NSR) as well as daily values; and (3) extensive global validation. We validated the estimated ISR values using measurements at seven Surface Radiation Budget Network (SURFRAD) sites and 33 Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) sites during 2013. The root mean square errors (RMSE) over SURFRAD sites for instantaneous ISR and NSR were 83.76 W/m2 and 66.80 W/m2, respectively. The corresponding daily RMSE values were 27.78 W/m2 and 23.51 W/m2. The RMSE at BSRN sites was 105.87 W/m2 for instantaneous ISR and 32.76 W/m2 for daily ISR. The accuracy is similar to the estimation from MODIS data at SURFRAD sites but the computational efficiency has improved by approximately 50%. We also produced global maps that demonstrate the potential of this algorithms to generate global ISR and NSR products from the VIIRS data.

A 34 Year Assessment of Surface and Top-of-Atmosphere Radiative Fluxes from the NASA’s GEWEX Surface Radiation Budget Release 4 Integrated Product

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Stackhouse ◽  
Stephen Cox ◽  
J. Colleen Mikovitz ◽  
Taiping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Early Period ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Radiation Budget ◽  
Aerosol Composition ◽  
Primary Input ◽  
Radiative Fluxes ◽  
Surface Radiation Budget ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Surface Measurements

<p>The NASA/GEWEX Surface Radiation Budget (SRB) project is finalizing a 3-hourly shortwave and longwave surface and top-of-atmosphere radiative fluxes for a 34-year period from July 1983 through June 2017. The new Release 4 Integrated Product (IP) uses the newly recalibrated and processed ISCCP HXS product as its primary input for cloud and radiance data, replacing ISCCP DX with a ninefold increase in pixel count (10 km instead of 30 km).  This first version retains a 1°x1° resolution for intercomparison against previous versions and other data sets such as CERES. ISCCP also provides an atmospheric temperature and moisture dataset known as nnHIRS which we use and discuss radiative flux sensitivities to in this presentation.  In addition to the input data improvements, several important algorithm improvements have been made since Release 3. These include recalculated SW atmospheric transmissivities and reflectivities yielding a somewhat less transmissive atmosphere. Ocean albedo and snow/ice albedo are also improved from Release 3. Total solar irradiance is now variable consistent with SORCE measurements. The LW code has been updated to improve the optical property treatment for clouds, particularly ice clouds, and aerosols are included in this version.  The variable aerosol composition are specified using a detailed aerosol history from the Max Planck Institute Aerosol Climatology (MAC).  Seasonally dependent spectral surface emissivity maps are now also included.  In this presentation, we analyze the new SW and LW SRB datasets, comparing them to the previous Release 3, BSRN, GEBA and PMEL surface measurements, and ERBE and CERES satellite datasets.  For surface flux validation besides ensemble comparisons, we show the variability of SRB vs surface measurements from BSRN beginning in 1992 and GEBA from 1983.  For the early period, comparison of top-of-atmosphere flux variability is made to latest version of ERBE fluxes.  For the latter period, we provide comparisons to CERES SYN1Deg and EBAF datasets for a benchmark.  Long-term changes in the surface radiation budget components and cloud radiative effects are shown and discussed relative to CERES and surface measurements.   An assessment of long-term changes are made including an assessment of uncertainties due to satellite artifacts.</p>

EFFECTS OF A SMALL SCRUB FIRE ON THE SURFACE RADIATION BUDGET

Weather ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 212-215 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. G. Steyn ◽  
T. R. Oke
Keyword(s):  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Radiation Budget ◽  
Surface Radiation Budget

scholarly journals CLARA-A2: the second edition of the CM SAF cloud and radiation data record from 34 years of global AVHRR data

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 5809-5828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl-Göran Karlsson ◽  
Kati Anttila ◽  
Jörg Trentmann ◽  
Martin Stengel ◽  
Jan Fokke Meirink ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Albedo ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Radiation Budget ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Ground Segment ◽  
Surface Radiation Budget ◽  
Avhrr Data ◽  
Data Record ◽  
Development And Validation ◽  
Climate Data Record

Abstract. The second edition of the satellite-derived climate data record CLARA (The CM SAF Cloud, Albedo And Surface Radiation dataset from AVHRR data – second edition denoted as CLARA-A2) is described. The data record covers the 34-year period from 1982 until 2015 and consists of cloud, surface albedo and surface radiation budget products derived from the AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) sensor carried by polar-orbiting, operational meteorological satellites. The data record is produced by the EUMETSAT Climate Monitoring Satellite Application Facility (CM SAF) project as part of the operational ground segment. Its upgraded content and methodology improvements since edition 1 are described in detail, as are some major validation results. Some of the main improvements to the data record come from a major effort in cleaning and homogenizing the basic AVHRR level-1 radiance record and a systematic use of CALIPSO-CALIOP cloud information for development and validation purposes. Examples of applications studying decadal changes in Arctic summer surface albedo and cloud conditions are provided.

scholarly journals Clouds damp the radiative impacts of polar sea ice loss

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2673-2686 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramdane Alkama ◽  
Patrick C. Taylor ◽  
Lorea Garcia-San Martin ◽  
Herve Douville ◽  
Gregory Duveiller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Radiation Budget ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Cloud Properties ◽  
Surface Radiation Budget ◽  
Cloud Radiative Effect ◽  
Radiative Impact ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Clouds play an important role in the climate system: (1) cooling Earth by reflecting incoming sunlight to space and (2) warming Earth by reducing thermal energy loss to space. Cloud radiative effects are especially important in polar regions and have the potential to significantly alter the impact of sea ice decline on the surface radiation budget. Using CERES (Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System) data and 32 CMIP5 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project) climate models, we quantify the influence of polar clouds on the radiative impact of polar sea ice variability. Our results show that the cloud short-wave cooling effect strongly influences the impact of sea ice variability on the surface radiation budget and does so in a counter-intuitive manner over the polar seas: years with less sea ice and a larger net surface radiative flux show a more negative cloud radiative effect. Our results indicate that 66±2% of this change in the net cloud radiative effect is due to the reduction in surface albedo and that the remaining 34±1 % is due to an increase in cloud cover and optical thickness. The overall cloud radiative damping effect is 56±2 % over the Antarctic and 47±3 % over the Arctic. Thus, present-day cloud properties significantly reduce the net radiative impact of sea ice loss on the Arctic and Antarctic surface radiation budgets. As a result, climate models must accurately represent present-day polar cloud properties in order to capture the surface radiation budget impact of polar sea ice loss and thus the surface albedo feedback.

scholarly journals Daily Radiation Budget of the Baltic Sea Surface from Satellite Data

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 50-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Zapadka ◽  
Adam Krężel ◽  
Marcin Paszkuta ◽  
Mirosław Darecki
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Statistical Error ◽  
Surface Radiation ◽  
Radiation Budget ◽  
Satellite Monitoring ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Surface Radiation Budget ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Oil Rig

Abstract Recently developed system for assessment of radiation budget for the Baltic Sea has been presented and verified. The system utilizes data from various sources: satellite, model and in situ measurements. It has been developed within the SatBałtyk project (Satellite Monitoring of the Baltic Sea Environment - www.satbaltyk.eu) where the energy radiation budget is one of the key element. The SatBałtyk system generates daily maps of the all components of radiation budget on every day basis. We show the scheme of making daily maps, applied algorithms and empirical data collection within the system. An empirical verification of the system has been carried out based on empirical data collected on the oil rig placed on the Baltic Sea. This verification concerned all the components of the surface radiation budget. The average daily NET products are estimated with statistical error ca. 13 Wm-2. The biggest absolute statistical error is for LWd component and equals 14 Wm-2. The relative error in relation to the average annual values for whole Baltic is the biggest for SWu and reaches 25%. All estimated components have correlation coefficient above 0.91.

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