scholarly journals Operational Wave Guidance at the U.S. National Weather Service during Tropical/Post–Tropical Storm Sandy, October 2012*

2015 ◽  
Vol 143 (5) ◽  
pp. 1687-1702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jose-Henrique G. M. Alves ◽  
Scott Stripling ◽  
Arun Chawla ◽  
Hendrik Tolman ◽  
Andre van der Westhuysen
Keyword(s):  
Hurricane Sandy ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Historical Event ◽  
National Weather Service ◽  
Private Industry ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
High Skill ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Weather Service

Abstract Waves generated during Hurricane Sandy (October 2012) contributed significantly to life and property losses along the eastern U.S. seaboard. Extreme waves generated by Sandy propagated inland riding high water levels, causing direct destruction of property and infrastructure. High waves also contributed to the observed record-breaking storm surges. Operational wave-model guidance provided by the U.S. National Weather Service, via numerical model predictions made at NOAA’s National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP), gave decision makers accurate information that helped mitigate the severity of this historical event. The present study provides a comprehensive performance assessment of operational models used by NCEP during Hurricane Sandy, and makes a brief review of reports issued by government agencies, private industry, and universities, indicating the importance of the interplay of waves and surges during the hurricane. Performance of wave models is assessed through validation made relative to western Atlantic NOAA/NDBC buoys that recorded significant wave heights exceeding 6 m (19.7 ft). Bulk validation statistics indicate a high skill of operational wave forecasts up to and beyond the 3-day range. Event-based validation reveals a remarkably high skill of NCEP’s wave ensemble system, with significant added value in its data for longer forecasts beyond the 72-h range. The study concludes with considerations about the extent of severe sea-state footprints during Sandy, the dissemination of real-time wave forecasts, and its impacts to emergency management response, as well as recent upgrades and future developments at NCEP that will improve the skill of its current wave forecasting systems, resulting in more reliable wave forecasts during life-threatening severe storm events in the future.

scholarly journals The state of weather, water and climate services in the U.S. and strategic challenges for the next decade: the perspective from the American Meteorological Society and U.S. National Weather Service

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Farrar
Keyword(s):  
Water Security ◽  
National Weather Service ◽  
Climate Services ◽  
Future Evolution ◽  
Keynote Presentation ◽  
Future Goals ◽  
American Meteorological Society ◽  
Environmental Prediction ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Weather Service

<p>This keynote presentation will discuss several key applications and operational systems in the U.S. National Weather Service (NWS) and how they fit in with the broader mission of providing science-based weather, water and climate services to the nation. In addition, the future evolution of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) and NWS will be discussed as it relates to future goals and priorities related to people, science, technology, operational concepts and practices, and partnerships between government/public sector, the private sector, and academia. Also, in his role as the current President of the American Meteorological Society (AMS), Dr. Farrar will address the theme for the 2022 AMS annual meeting, "Environmental Security: weather, water and climate for a more secure world", which will explore the national and human security impacts from extreme weather and climate events and intersections with health, energy, food, and water security.</p>

Application of Forecast Verification Science to Operational River Forecasting in the U.S. National Weather Service

2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 779-784 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Demargne ◽  
Mary Mullusky ◽  
Kevin Werner ◽  
Thomas Adams ◽  
Scott Lindsey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Forecast Verification ◽  
National Weather Service ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Weather Service ◽  
River Forecasting

How the U.S. National Weather Service communicates to protect communities: an extension of microboundary spanning theory

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Yumin Yan ◽  
Brooke Fisher Liu ◽  
Anita Atwell Seate ◽  
Samantha Joan Stanley ◽  
Allison Patrice Chatham
Keyword(s):  
National Weather Service ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Weather Service

Marine Weather Forecasting in the National Weather Service

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 37-48
Author(s):  
Richard May ◽  
David Soroka ◽  
Wayne Presnell ◽  
Brian Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Weather Forecasting ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Strong Wind ◽  
Rip Currents ◽  
National Weather Service ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Satellite Radar ◽  
Primary Focus ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Weather Service

AbstractAccording to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA's) official economic statistics, over half of the U.S. population lives within 50 miles of the coast. At sea, maritime commerce has tripled since about 1960‐2010. The National Weather Service (NWS) Marine Program has a mission to provide marine forecasts and warnings for the U.S. coastal waters and Great Lakes, offshore and high seas portions of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean, and for a portion of the Arctic Ocean (north of Alaska). This information helps protect people and their property while on our nation's waters. Weather and ocean data are critical to the mariner. This is due to a combination of hazards—such as strong wind and large waves—and the fact that the mariner is often isolated. When in peril, rescue of these vessels may be hours or days in coming. Not having accurate and timely weather information and the knowledge to properly apply it increases risk to mariners and their vessels. In coastal areas, NWS provides vital services and products to inform and protect residents, businesses, tourists, and others from hazardous weather and surf conditions. Typically in the coastal community, rip currents and inundation caused by storms and unusually high tides are the primary focus. Techniques of marine forecasting have come a long way, bringing us into the modern era of marine observations via satellite, radar, and buoys and forecasting using sophisticated computer programs. The role of marine weather forecasters worldwide is a complex one and will continue to change in response to evolving technology and user requirements.

scholarly journals Predicting the Storm Surge Threat of Hurricane Sandy with the National Weather Service SLOSH Model

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 437-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Forbes ◽  
Jamie Rhome ◽  
Craig Mattocks ◽  
Arthur Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Storm Surge ◽  
Hurricane Sandy ◽  
National Weather Service ◽  
Weather Service

Analysis and prediction of storm water levels in Delaware inland bays

Shore & Beach ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 29-35
Author(s):  
Michele Strazzella ◽  
Nobuhisa Kobayashu ◽  
Tingting Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Model ◽  
Tide Gauge ◽  
Hurricane Sandy ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Tide Gauges ◽  
Storm Tide ◽  
Barrier Beach ◽  
Wave Overtopping ◽  
Inland Bays ◽  
Damping Parameter

A simple approach based on an analytical model and available tide gauge data is proposed for the analysis of storm tide damping inside inland bays with complex bathymetry and for the prediction of peak water levels at gauge locations during storms. The approach was applied to eight tide gauges in the vicinity of inland bays in Delaware. Peak water levels at the gauge locations were analyzed for 34 storms during 2005-2017. A damping parameter in the analytical model was calibrated for each bay gauge. The calibrated model predicted the peak water levels within errors of about 0.2 m except for Hurricane Sandy in 2012. The analytical model including wave overtopping was used to estimate the peak wave overtopping rate over the barrier beach from the measured peak water level in the adjacent bay.

scholarly journals Economic damages from Hurricane Sandy attributable to sea level rise caused by anthropogenic climate change

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin H. Strauss ◽  
Philip M. Orton ◽  
Klaus Bittermann ◽  
Maya K. Buchanan ◽  
Daniel M. Gilford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
East Coast ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hurricane Sandy ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Anthropogenic Climate Change ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Sea Levels

AbstractIn 2012, Hurricane Sandy hit the East Coast of the United States, creating widespread coastal flooding and over $60 billion in reported economic damage. The potential influence of climate change on the storm itself has been debated, but sea level rise driven by anthropogenic climate change more clearly contributed to damages. To quantify this effect, here we simulate water levels and damage both as they occurred and as they would have occurred across a range of lower sea levels corresponding to different estimates of attributable sea level rise. We find that approximately $8.1B ($4.7B–$14.0B, 5th–95th percentiles) of Sandy’s damages are attributable to climate-mediated anthropogenic sea level rise, as is extension of the flood area to affect 71 (40–131) thousand additional people. The same general approach demonstrated here may be applied to impact assessments for other past and future coastal storms.

Form Follows Experience - Notes on the Functionality of Footbridges

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michel Schreinemachers ◽  
Wiebe Strick
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Highway Bridge ◽  
Or Efficiency ◽  
Pedestrian Bridges ◽  
The City ◽  
Prime Location ◽  
Natural Way

<p>Should a bridge always be functional and accessible? Should it always fulfil its purpose? This seemingly self- evident question is a key question in footbridge design that is oriented towards creating experiences.</p><p>Footbridges are able to successfully enriches our experience of a certain context or landscape, it cannot be functional all the time, under all environmental conditions, weather and seasons. A good example is the Zalige bridge designed as part of the Room for the River, a large-scale national program for inland flood- protection in the Netherlands. Build upon the floodplains within a newly created river-park by the city of Nijmegen, the Zalige bridge’s curved shape stands in direct relationship to the fluctuating water levels of the river. When water levels rise, the bridge partially submerges, becoming only accessible through steppingstones. At peak heights, the bridge disappears completely, becoming a metaphor for our relationship to the water.</p><p>“Building a bridge that fails to fulfil its sole purpose of containing the water; this can only be pulled off in the Netherlands.” – jury Dutch Design Awards about the Zalige bridge.</p><p>The loss of functionality is directly related to the creation of an experience. When the water levels rose in January 2018, the bridge became the prime location to experience the changing landscape. It shows that engineering a bridge is not solely focussed on the most efficient engineering, but for the purpose it fulfils as for society. For most pedestrian bridges where the perception of the user is on a different level as for a highway bridge, functionality provides more than just cost driven or efficiency driven parameters. It is more related to the added value for the community. When design not solemnly derives from the sheer taste and predilection of the designer but is based on the user’s experience, it generates a durable relation with a feeling of ownership of its users. The key is to create this experience in an elegant and natural way and not forced or dictated. It should be people's own unique discovery and should not be imposed.</p>

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