high skill
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2022 ◽  
Vol 112 (1) ◽  
pp. 235-266
Author(s):  
Federico Rossi

I study how the relative efficiency of high- and low-skill labor varies across countries. Using microdata for countries at different stages of development, I document that differences in relative quantities and wages are consistent with high-skill workers being relatively more productive in rich countries. I exploit variation in the skill premia of foreign-educated migrants to discriminate between two possible drivers of this pattern: cross-country differences in the skill bias of technology and in the relative human capital of skilled labor. I find that the former is quantitatively more important, and discuss the implications of this result for development accounting. (JEL I26, J24, J31, J61, L16, O15)


MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-152
Author(s):  
R. M. RAJEEVAN ◽  
V. THAPLIYAL ◽  
S. R. PATIL ◽  
U. S. DE

Using the canonical correlation analysis (CCA) approach, a forecast model for long range forecasts of monsoon (June-September) rainfall of 27 meteorological sub-divisions over India was developed, A set of 12 parameters, which have significant correlation with Indian monsoon rainfall, was used as predictors, The model was developed with the data of the period 1958-1994 and by retaining three significant canonical modes, The model showed useful predictive skill in of respect of meteorological sub-divisions over central parts of India and NW India with low errors and high skill scores for categorical forecasts, The model showed no predictive skill in respect of meteorological sub-division over south peninsula, Orissa, West Bengal and Bihar. The CCA model has been also found to perform better than another statistical model developed using the 12 same predictors, The CCA model also showed moderate skill in forecasting excess and deficient rainfall categories of sub-divisional monsoon rainfall during the extreme years.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongdi Wang ◽  
Xinyu Sun

Abstract A statistical downscaling method based on SOM which named SOM-SD is used over North China. It’s applicatibility by downscaling daily precipitation is evaluated. Indices are selected which represent the statistics of daily precipitation with regard to both precipitation amount (Prtot, SDII) and frequency (nr001), as well as extreme event (P95T, CWD, CDD). The large-scale predictors were extracted from the daily NCEP reanalysis data, while the predictand was high resolution gridded daily observed precipitation. A downscaling method based on SOM named SOM-SD was presented and evaluated. In evaluating, the frequency difference of wet-dry nodes is defined. And it is confirmed that there was a significant positive correlation between frequency difference and precipitation. The SOM-SD method displayed a high skill in reproducting the climatologic statistical properties of the observed precipitation. The value of BS is between 0 and 1.5×10-4. Sscore is between 0.8 and 1. The bias ranges are -7.4% and -11.6% for Prtot and SDII, -3.1days for nr001, +3.4% for P95T, -1.1 days for CWD and +3.5 days for CDD. Therefore, SOM-SD method works reasonably well.


2021 ◽  
Vol 02 (08) ◽  
pp. 19-21
Author(s):  
Omonilla Salikhov ◽  

This article discusses the interpretation of historical and cultural heritage in the works of Chingiz Akhmarov. In the genre of portraiture, folk art is approached with high skill, revealing the characteristic features of its national bright patterns. The perfect study of the human image in his portraits achieves a full disclosure of the psyche of the aesthetic, spiritual world of the heroes of the work. Without repeating the miniature, he takes a unique artistic approach, based on the poetic plastic conditionality, artistic space and form, the decorative principle of composition, as well as the rich thinking color of medieval masters, linear graphics.


2021 ◽  
pp. 1-48
Author(s):  
Gabriel E. Kreindler ◽  
Yuhei Miyauchi

Abstract We show how to use commuting flows to infer the spatial distribution of income within a city. A simple workplace choice model predicts a gravity equation for commuting flows whose destination fixed effects correspond to wages. We implement this method with cell phone transaction data from Dhaka and Colombo. Model-predicted income predicts separate income data, at the workplace and residential level, and by skill group. Unlike machine learning approaches, our method does not require training data, yet achieves comparable predictive power. We show that hartals (transportation strikes) in Dhaka reduce commuting more for high model-predicted wage and high skill commuters.


Author(s):  
E.Yu. Shestakova

This article reveals the features of the artistic embodiment of the spiritual «portrait» of the Russian people in the stories of the writer of the first half of the XX century I.S. Shmelev “Unprecedented dinner”, “Martin and Kinga”, “Lampadochka” and “Fear”, created in 1934-1937. In the studied texts, the author chooses a special narrative discourse, in which folk images are presented from the point of view of the autobiographical hero - a child. The plot of the works is based on the writer's childhood memories. The worldview of the child hero, which is the basis of the artistic structure of the stories, is characterized by limited knowledge of the depicted events and actions of adult characters. As a result, folk images recreated in texts get a humorous color. The brightness and originality of speech characteristics testifies to the writer's high skill in portraying folk characters. The spiritual and moral «portrait» of the Russian people presented in these works contains characteristics of honesty, openness, sincerity, decency, righteousness and deep faith in God.


Two Homelands ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (54) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola Costalunga

With the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 and the resulting COVID-19 pandemic, Japan adopted controversial policies to contain the virus. Unlike many highly developed countries, it enacted strict policies banning entry through its borders to all non-Japanese citizens regardless of their residency status. The further peculiarity is that these measures equalized low-skill and high-skill foreign workers, affecting them identically. Along with describing how the emergency has been handled in relation to foreign nationals, this article highlights how pre-existing socio-cultural dynamics of differentiation between “insiders” and “outsiders” have evolved in response to the pandemic.


Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 713
Author(s):  
Cécile Penland ◽  
Megan D. Fowler ◽  
Darren L. Jackson ◽  
Robert Cifelli

Soil moisture anomalies underpin a number of critical hydrological phenomena with socioeconomic consequences, yet systematic studies of soil moisture predictability are limited. Here, we use a data-adaptive technique, Linear Inverse Modeling, which has proved useful as an indication of predictability in other fields, to investigate the predictability of soil moisture in northern California. This approach yields a model of soil moisture at 10 stations in the region, with results that indicate the possibility of skillful forecasts at each for lead times of 1–2 weeks. An important advantage of this model is the a priori identification of forecasts of opportunity—conditions under which the model’s forecasts may be expected to have particularly high skill. Given that forecast errors (and inversely, their skill) can be estimated in advance, these findings have the potential to greatly increase the utility of soil moisture forecasts for practical applications including drought and flood forecasting.


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