Localization of Peroxidase Activity in Tracheal Epithelium

1980 ◽  
Vol 89 (3) ◽  
pp. 241-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kensuke Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Tracheal Ring ◽  
Tracheal Epithelium ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Ciliated Cells ◽  
Cytochemical Demonstration ◽  
Apical Vesicles ◽  
Intermediate Cells

The activity of endogenous peroxidase was demonstrated in light ciliated cells, mature goblet cells, and nonciliated serous cells, but not in basal cells, intermediate cells, dark ciliated cells or immature goblet cells of the upper tracheal epithelium of rats, using the diaminobenzidine method for cytochemical demonstration of peroxidase activity. The peroxidase activity was the most intense in the epithelium of the first tracheal ring and gradually diminished at lower tracheal levels, becoming extremely faint in the vicinity of the middle of the trachea. The activity was localized in cisternae of rough-surfaced endoplasmic reticulum (r-ER) including the nuclear envelope, some vesicles and saccules of the Golgi complex, secretory granules, and small apical vesicles. It is believed that the basal cells were transformed into the intermediate cells, and some of the intermediate cells were turned into the ciliated cells, while other intermediate cells were differentiated into the goblet cells. The dark ciliated cells proved to be the immature ciliated cells immediately after the transformation from the intermediate cells. In these cells, peroxidase is not yet produced.

Ultrastructure of the Genital Duct Epithelium of the Male Port Jackson Shark, Heterodontus-Portusjacksoni

1992 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 257 ◽  
Author(s):  
RC Jones ◽  
M Lin
Keyword(s):  
Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Golgi Apparatus ◽  
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Ciliated Cells ◽  
Dense Bodies ◽  
Ductuli Efferentes ◽  
Apical Vesicles

The genital ducts of Heterodontus portusjacksoni are lined by a ciliated epithelium. In the ductuli efferentes the epithelium is low and contains numerous intraepithelial leucocytes which often contain large dense bodies. All epithelial cells are ciliated and are characterised by apical vesicles, vacuoles and glycogen granules, some rough endoplasmic reticulum, dense bodies and lipid droplets, and a Golgi apparatus. The initial segment of the ductus epididymidis is lined by a very tall epithelium of ciliated and non-ciliated cells. The non-ciliated cells contain numerous apical vesicles, a large Golgi apparatus and numerous mitochondria and secretory granules in close association with an extensive endoplasmic reticulum. The terminal segment of the ductus epididymidis is lined by a low columnar epithelium. A proximal region, occupying part of the head of the epididymis, is similar to the epithelium in the ductuli efferentes. Distally, all the epithelial cells are ciliated. They are characterised by considerable dilated endoplasmic reticulum, a Golgi apparatus, apical vesicles, and numerous mitochondria and secretory granules. The secretory tubules of Leydig's glands are lined by a very tall epithelium with non-ciliated cells containing extensive, dilated, rough endoplasmic reticulum, a large Golgi apparatus, and numerous mitochondria and secretory granules. The significance of the structural differentiation of the duct is discussed in relation to the evolution of the mammalian epididymis.

New observations of colloid cysts of the third ventricle: An ultrastructural study of the lining epithelium and the wall

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 94-95
Author(s):  
Khang-Loon Ho ◽  
Julio H. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Colloid Cyst ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Ciliated Cells ◽  
The Third ◽  
Undifferentiated Cells ◽  
Colloid Cysts ◽  
Dense Core Granules

Colloid cysts of the third ventricle represent one of the variety of the epithelial-lined cysts of the neuraxis. Their histogenesis remains unsettled. Ultrastructural and immunohistochemical analyses have suggested the following possible origins: (a) neuroectoderm, including paraphysis, ependyma, choroid plexus, and tela choroidea and (b) endoderm, including respiratory and enteric epithelium.This report describes the ultrastructure of the lining epithelium and the wall of four cases of colloid cyst. Six distinct cell types were recognized in the epithelium (Fig.1,2): (1) ciliated cells with various types of ciliary abnormalities, (2) non-ciliated cells with microvilli coated with granulo-fibrillary material, (3) goblet cells showing discharge of secretory granules, (4) basal cells with prominent tonofilaments, (5) basal-located cells with elongated cell bodies parallel to the basement membrane and electron-lucent cytoplasm containing sparse, membrane-bound dense core granules (150-250 nm) and (6) small undifferentiated cells with scanty organelles.

Ultrastructure of the Middle Ear Mucosa

1976 ◽  
Vol 85 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 30-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin Hentzer
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ear ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Respiratory Epithelium ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Secretory Product ◽  
Ciliated Cells ◽  
Loose Connective Tissue ◽  
Middle Ear Mucosa ◽  
Subepithelial Layer

Histologic studies of recent years have definitely concluded that the epithelium of the middle ear is a modified respiratory epithelium with ciliated and secretory cells, including goblet cells. These cells, like the ciliated cells, are developd from the basal cell and are just ordinary secretory cells completely filled with secretory granules. For different reasons it is postulated, that the dark secretory granules are prestages of the actual secretory product presenting as light granules and that dark and light granules do not represent different secretory capacities of the cell. The subepithelial layer which consists of loose connective tissue is a structure of just as great importance as the epithelial layer.

Parainfluenza (Sendai) Virus Infects Ciliated Cells and Secretory Cells but Not Basal Cells of Rat Tracheal Epithelium

1993 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-370 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. P. Massion ◽  
C. C. P. Funari ◽  
I. Ueki ◽  
S. Ikeda ◽  
D. M. McDonald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sendai Virus ◽  
Tracheal Epithelium ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Ciliated Cells

scholarly journals Use of transgenic mice to study the routing of secretory proteins in intestinal epithelial cells: analysis of human growth hormone compartmentalization as a function of cell type and differentiation.

1989 ◽  
Vol 109 (6) ◽  
pp. 3231-3242 ◽  
Author(s):  
J F Trahair ◽  
M R Neutra ◽  
J I Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Intestinal Epithelium ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Human Growth ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Secretory Proteins ◽  
Intermediate Cells

The intestinal epithelium is a heterogeneous cell monolayer that undergoes continuous renewal and differentiation along the crypt-villus axis. We have used transgenic mice to examine the compartmentalization of a regulated endocrine secretory protein, human growth hormone (hGH), in the four exocrine cells of the mouse intestinal epithelium (Paneth cells, intermediate cells, typical goblet cells, and granular goblet cells), as well as in its enteroendocrine and absorptive (enterocyte) cell populations. Nucleotides -596 to +21 of the rat liver fatty acid binding protein gene, when linked to the hGH gene (beginning at nucleotide +3) direct efficient synthesis of hGH in the gastrointestinal epithelium of transgenic animals (Sweetser, D. A., D. W. McKeel, E. F. Birkenmeier, P. C. Hoppe, and J. I. Gordon. 1988. Genes & Dev. 2:1318-1332). This provides a powerful in vivo model for analyzing protein sorting in diverse, differentiating, and polarized epithelial cells. Using EM immunocytochemical techniques, we demonstrated that this foreign polypeptide hormone entered the regulated basal granules of enteroendocrine cells as well as the apical secretory granules of exocrine Paneth cells, intermediate cells, and granular goblet cells. This suggests that common signals are recognized by the "sorting mechanisms" in regulated endocrine and exocrine cells. hGH was targeted to the electron-dense cores of secretory granules in granular goblet and intermediate cells, along with endogenous cell products. Thus, this polypeptide hormone contains domains that promote its segregation within certain exocrine granules. No expression of hGH was noted in typical goblet cells, suggesting that differences exist in the regulatory environments of granular and typical goblet cells. In enterocytes, hGH accumulated in dense-core granules located near apical and lateral cell surfaces, raising the possibility that these cells, which are known to conduct constitutive vesicular transport toward both apical and basolateral surfaces, also contain a previously unrecognized regulated pathway. Together our studies indicate that transgenic mice represent a valuable system for analyzing trafficking pathways and sorting mechanisms of secretory proteins in vivo.

scholarly journals Changes in the cellular composition of guinea pig’s distal airways epithelium in the dynamics of experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
S.S. Popko
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Allergic Inflammation ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
The Body ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Cellular Composition ◽  
Ciliated Cells ◽  
Adaptive Nature ◽  
Epithelium Cells

The problem of studying the processes of restructuring of airways epithelium of humans and animals of adaptive nature under the influence of various factors on the body remains the subject of scientific discussions. The aim of this work is to study morphometric changes in the cellular composition guinea pig’s distal airways epithelium in the dynamics of experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation. We studied lung of 48 male guinea pigs, using histological, morphometric and statistical methods, under conditions of experimental ovalbumin-induced allergic inflammation, simulated by subcutaneous sensitization and subsequent intranasal inhalation with ovalbumin. The average number of epithelial cells of small bronchi and terminal bronchioles was determined: basal epithelium cells, ciliated cells, goblet cells and exocrine bronchiolar cells per unit area of 10000 μm2. We have shown the most significant reactive morphometric changes on the 23rd and 30th days of the experiment. We demonstrated a decrease of the number of basal cells (by 1.5 times compared to the control, p*/**<0.01) and ciliated cells (by 1.6 times compared to the control, p*/**<0.001) and an elevation of the average number of goblet cells (by 2.6 times compared to the control, p*/**<0.01) in bronchioles, a decrease of the average number of exocrine bronchiolar cells (by 1.6 times compared to the control, p*/**<0.01) in terminal bronchioles. These changes are the morphological confirmation of the development of bronchial hyperreactivity as a result of the action of the allergen. Sensitization and allergization with ovalbumin cause statistically significant morphological changes in the cellular composition of small bronchi and terminal bronchioles of an alterative nature in the early period and adaptive – in the late period of allergic inflammation, corresponding to the main morphological manifestations of allergic inflammation.

Ultrastructure of the oviductal mucosa of Leptodactylus chaquensis. Analysis of the preovulatory and postovulatory periods

Zygote ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 635-643
Author(s):  
Marcela Fátima Medina ◽  
Inés Ramos ◽  
Claudia A. Crespo ◽  
Susana Cisint ◽  
Lucrecia Iruzubieta Villagra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Secretory Cells ◽  
Ultrastructural Organization ◽  
Basal Region ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Ciliated Cells ◽  
Different Cell Types ◽  
Electron Lucent ◽  
Leptodactylus Chaquensis

SummaryIn the present study we analysed the ultrastructural characteristics of the oviductal mucosa of Leptodactylus chaquensis during the preovulatory period and immediately after ovulation. Epithelial secretory cells, ciliated cells, basal cells and glandular secretory cells are described. During the preovulatory period, the oviduct exhibits its maximum degree of development at both the epithelial and the glandular levels, with numerous secretory cells that contain a large number of secretory granules whose contents are released into the oviductal lumen by apocrine and exocytotic secretory processes. The secretory cells present throughout the oviduct display considerable variability in the characteristics of their secretory granules, which show different shapes, sizes, organization of the material contained and electron density. The different cell types are distributed following a characteristic pattern for each oviductal zone, thus creating an ultrastructural mosaic along the oviduct. During the postovulatory period, the number of secretory cells decreases and the remaining ones exhibit a marked reduction in secretory granules. Ciliated cells show a typical ultrastructural organization that is not modified throughout the reproductive cycle. Basal cells, located at the basal region of the epithelium, are characterized by their heterochromatic nuclei and electron-lucent cytoplasm, while glandular secretory cells exhibit oval, round or polyhedric granules, most of them with a prominent core. Our results, which indicate a high heterogeneity of secretory cell contents, allow us to suggest differential synthesis and secretion of specific products in each oviductal zone.

scholarly journals Mild hyperoxia induces moderate pathological alteration in airway epithelium (ultrastructural study)

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 313-320
Author(s):  
V. Koonradova ◽  
J. Uhlik ◽  
L. Vajner ◽  
J. Herget ◽  
J. Adaskova
Keyword(s):  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Airway Epithelium ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Tracheal Epithelium ◽  
Ciliated Cells ◽  
Normobaric Hyperoxia ◽  
Pathological Alteration ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Self Cleaning

The ultrastructure of the tracheal epithelium in rabbits exposed for 96 hours to 35&ndash;37% O2 was studied in our experiments. Due to the influence of mild normobaric hyperoxia, massive differentiation of new secretory elements was initiated and resulted in apparent changes in goblet cells distribution. 60 &plusmn; 4% of goblet cells took part in the formation of voluminous intraepithelial mucous glands. Ciliated cells were less damaged than the goblet ones. Tiny signs of pathological alteration of deeper portions of their cytoplasm and apical blebbing accompanied with destruction of some kinocilia were encountered. The ciliary border was slightly impaired. Mild, but significant decrease in the mean number of kinocilia/&mu;m2 went along with significant increase in percentage of altered cilia. Among the altered kinocilia, the slightly altered pathological cilia with local swellings of the ciliary membranes or with tiny vacuoles situated in their shafts were the most numerous. Hyperoxia did not influence the process of ciliogenesis in the ciliated cells. As morphological signs of impairment of the vital self-cleaning ability of the airway epithelium, layers of inspissated mucus were encountered in the area of the ciliary border. From morphological point of view, mild hyperoxia caused moderate damage to the airway epithelium.

scholarly journals Exposure to hypoxia injures tracheal epithelium (ultrastructural study)

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (No. 9) ◽  
pp. 270-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Konrádová ◽  
J. Uhlík ◽  
L. Vajner ◽  
J. Herget ◽  
J. Adášková
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Ultrastructural Study ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Normobaric Hypoxia ◽  
Tracheal Epithelium ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Ciliated Cells ◽  
Pathological Alteration ◽  
Increased Temperature ◽  
Common Response

The ultrastructure of the tracheal epithelium in rabbits exposed for 96 hours to normobaric hypoxia was studied. In rabbits placed for 96 hours in environment with increased temperature and humidity, the first phase of common response of goblet cells to injury, represented mostly by degeneration of the exhausted cells, was revealed. The decrease in O<sub>2</sub>concentration highly accelerated the reaction of the goblet cells. Due to the influence of high temperature, humidity and normobaric hypoxia, the second phase of the goblet cells&rsquo; reaction, massive differentiation of new secretory elements accompanied with intraepithelial mucous glands&rsquo; development, was recorded. In the ciliated cells, only mild signs of pathological alteration of deeper portions of their cytoplasm were noticed. In the area of the ciliary border, significant decrease in the number of kinocilia/&mu;m2, increase in percentage of altered cilia and morphological signs of impairment of the vital self-cleaning ability were recorded.

The structure of the gills of the axolotl, Ambystoma mexicanum

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 824-825
Author(s):  
Mohinder S. Jarial
Keyword(s):  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Light And Electron Microscopy ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Ambystoma Mexicanum ◽  
Basal Cells ◽  
Granular Cells ◽  
Gill Filaments ◽  
Mitotic Figures ◽  
Apical Membranes

The axolotl is a strictly aquatic salamander in which the larval external gills are retained throughout life. The external gills of the adult axolotl have been studied by light and electron microscopy for ultrastructural evidence of ionic transport. The thin epidermis of the gill filaments and gill stems is composed of 3 cell types: granular cells, the basal cells and a sparce population of intervening Leydig cells. The gill epidermis is devoid of muscles, and no mitotic figures were observed in any of its cells.The granular cells cover the gill surface as a continuous layer (Fig. 1, G) and contain secretory granules of different forms, located apically (Figs.1, 2, SG). Some granules are found intimately associated with the apical membrane while others fuse with it and release their contents onto the external surface (Fig. 3). The apical membranes of the granular cells exhibit microvilli which are covered by a PAS+ fuzzy coat, termed “glycocalyx” (Fig. 2, MV).

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