Mothering Through Mental Illness: Exploring the Experiences of Motherhood for Criminally Involved Women on Mental Health Probation

As the number of criminally involved women has increased substantially over several decades, the prevalence of mothers impacted by criminal justice involvement has also increased. The current paper seeks to examine a specific subset of these criminally involved mothers—those with significant and long-term mental illness. This study explores how these women describe their experiences mothering through semistructured qualitative interviews with 48 women on a specialty mental health caseload in Maricopa County, Arizona. Using an inductive approach inspired by grounded theory to analyze the narrative accounts of criminally involved women with mental illness, the maternal identities of these women are placed at the forefront of the discussion, with an emphasis on examining their experiences beyond motherhood’s influence on desistance.

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Criminal Justice Interventions for Offenders With Mental Illness: Evaluation of Mental Health Courts in Bronx and Brooklyn, New York

PsycEXTRA Dataset ◽

10.1037/e526732013-001 ◽

2012 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shelli B. Rossman ◽

Janeen Buck Willison ◽

Kamala Mallik-Kane ◽

KiDeuk Kim ◽

Sara Debus-Sherrill ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

New York ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Criminal Justice ◽

Mental Health Courts ◽

Offenders With Mental Illness

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Cost Analysis of a High Support Housing Initiative for Persons with Severe Mental Illness and Long-Term Psychiatric Hospitalization

The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1177/0706743717752881 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 63 (7) ◽

pp. 492-500 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

David Rudoler ◽

Claire de Oliveira ◽

Binu Jacob ◽

Melonie Hopkins ◽

Paul Kurdyak

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Cost Saving ◽

Cost Analysis ◽

Severe Mental Illness ◽

Inpatient Care ◽

Cost Savings ◽

Support Housing ◽

High Support

Objective: The objective of this article was to conduct a cost analysis comparing the costs of a supportive housing intervention to inpatient care for clients with severe mental illness who were designated alternative-level care while inpatient at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health in Toronto. The intervention, called the High Support Housing Initiative, was implemented in 2013 through a collaboration between 15 agencies in the Toronto area. Method: The perspective of this cost analysis was that of the Ontario Ministry of Health and Long-Term Care. We compared the cost of inpatient mental health care to high-support housing. Cost data were derived from a variety of sources, including health administrative data, expenditures reported by housing providers, and document analysis. Results: The High Support Housing Initiative was cost saving relative to inpatient care. The average cost savings per diem were between $140 and $160. This amounts to an annual cost savings of approximately $51,000 to $58,000. When tested through sensitivity analysis, the intervention remained cost saving in most scenarios; however, the result was highly sensitive to health system costs for clients of the High Support Housing Initiative program. Conclusions: This study suggests the High Support Housing Initiative is potentially cost saving relative to inpatient hospitalization at the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health.

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Policing, Crime and Mental Illness in England and Wales: Insights from the Literature

Review of European Studies ◽

10.5539/res.v9n2p248 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 248

Author(s):

Frank Kitt ◽

Colin Rogers

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Criminal Justice ◽

Justice System ◽

Historical Context ◽

Public Agencies ◽

England And Wales ◽

Police Service ◽

High Profile ◽

Made In

Mental illness pervades most societies, but it is only recently that its impact and effects upon individuals has slowly been recognised in England and Wales. When people suffering from this illness become involved with various public agencies, the way they are dealt with appears inconsistent and on occasions ends in tragedy. One agency that is constantly in contact with people who suffer mental health illness is the police service. Some high profile cases have clearly illustrated misunderstandings and the fact that the police are not generally equipped to deal with such individuals. This article considers a brief history and theoretical backcloth to police understanding and framing of mental illness in England and Wales, and explores the National Liaison and Diversion Model as an alternative to traditional police understanding and response. The article suggests that only by understanding the historical context, and literature, surrounding mental illness, can improvements be made in the criminal justice system as a whole and within the police service in particular.

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Use of Prescribed Psychotropics during Pregnancy: A Systematic Review of Pregnancy, Neonatal, and Childhood Outcomes

Brain Sciences ◽

10.3390/brainsci9090235 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 235 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Creeley ◽

Denton

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Mental Health ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Clinical Research ◽

Prenatal Exposure ◽

Psychotropic Drugs ◽

Health Concern ◽

Neurodevelopmental Outcomes ◽

Mother And Child

This paper reviews the findings from preclinical animal and human clinical research investigating maternal/fetal, neonatal, and child neurodevelopmental outcomes following prenatal exposure to psychotropic drugs. Evidence for the risks associated with prenatal exposure was examined, including teratogenicity, neurodevelopmental effects, neonatal toxicity, and long-term neurobehavioral consequences (i.e., behavioral teratogenicity). We conducted a comprehensive review of the recent results and conclusions of original research and reviews, respectively, which have investigated the short- and long-term impact of drugs commonly prescribed to pregnant women for psychological disorders, including mood, anxiety, and sleep disorders. Because mental illness in the mother is not a benign event, and may itself pose significant risks to both mother and child, simply discontinuing or avoiding medication use during pregnancy may not be possible. Therefore, prenatal exposure to psychotropic drugs is a major public health concern. Decisions regarding drug choice, dose, and duration should be made carefully, by balancing severity, chronicity, and co-morbidity of the mental illness, disorder, or condition against the potential risk for adverse outcomes due to drug exposure. Globally, maternal mental health problems are considered as a major public health challenge, which requires a stronger focus on mental health services that will benefit both mother and child. More preclinical and clinical research is needed in order to make well-informed decisions, understanding the risks associated with the use of psychotropic medications during pregnancy.

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Criminogenic risk and mental health: a complicated relationship

CNS Spectrums ◽

10.1017/s109285291900141x ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 237-244 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Robert D. Morgan ◽

Faith Scanlon ◽

Stephanie A. Van Horn

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Criminal Justice ◽

Criminal Behavior ◽

Psychiatric Rehabilitation ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Treatment Needs ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Ultimate Concern

The relationship between criminogenic risk and mental illness in justice involved persons with mental illness is complex and poorly understood by clinicians, researchers, administrators, and policy makers alike. Historically, when providing services to justice involved persons with mental illness, clinicians have emphasized mental health recovery (eg, psychiatric rehabilitation) at the exclusion of treatments targeted at criminogenic risk. More recently, however, researchers have demonstrated with great clarity that criminogenic risk not only contributes but is likely the leading factor in the criminal behavior committed by persons with mental illness. Yet, we still do not know the nature of this criminogenic-mental illness relationship, how this relationship impacts treatment needs, and of ultimate concern, what this relationship means in terms of individual and societal outcomes. In this paper we briefly define criminogenic risk and the research that demonstrates the role of criminogenic risk in criminal justice involvement of persons with mental illness. We also review prevalence rates of persons with mental illness justice involvement, and then discuss important factors to be considered when assessing risk to include both criminogenic and mental illness risk. We conclude this paper by reviewing treatment and management strategies for persons with mental illness that are criminal justice involved particularly reviewing and building off the recommendations put forth by Bartholomew & Morgan.

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Investigating the Impact of Child Maltreatment Histories on Drug Court Outcomes

Criminal Justice and Behavior ◽

10.1177/0093854818761990 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 45 (6) ◽

pp. 799-819 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Haley R. Zettler ◽

Amaia Iratzoqui

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Substance Abuse ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Criminal Justice ◽

Child Maltreatment ◽

Drug Court ◽

Criminal Justice Policy ◽

Type Of Failure ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

Although child maltreatment, mental illness, and substance abuse are significantly correlated, only the relationship between mental illness and substance abuse has been documented as potentially affecting the implementation of criminal justice policy. The current study considers the influence of child maltreatment histories in addition to mental health and substance abuse issues in predicting the success of participants in a large drug court in the Southwestern United States. Results indicated that child maltreatment was not predictive of overall court failure. However, child maltreatment had an indirect effect on type of failure, through its effects on mental illness and substance abuse diagnoses. Implications for these findings within drug court and for general criminal justice policy are discussed.

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Patterns of mental health care in a seaside lodging house

Psychiatric Bulletin ◽

10.1192/pb.17.2.82 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 82-83

Author(s):

John Barnes ◽

Greg Wilkinson

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Health Care ◽

Mental Illness ◽

General Practitioner ◽

Mental Health Services ◽

Health Services ◽

Mental Health Care ◽

Mentally Ill ◽

Local Sources

Much of the medical care of the long-term mentally ill falls to the general practitioner (Wilkinson et al, 1985) and, for example, a survey in Buckinghamshire showed that these patients consult their general practitioner (GP) twice as often as mental health services. Lodging house dwellers are known to show an increased prevalence of major mental illness and to suffer much secondary social handicap, presenting a challenge to helping services of all disciplines. For this reason we chose a lodging house in which to explore further the relationships between mental illness and residents' present contact with their GP, mental health services and other local sources of help.

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