Controlling Schools: How School Resource Officers’ Roles Map Onto Schools’ Behavior Management Strategies

2021 ◽  
pp. 001112872198906
Author(s):  
Ivan Benitez ◽  
Benjamin W. Fisher ◽  
Taylor Tolles ◽  
Emily M. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Behavior Management ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
School Context ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Security Measures ◽  
Ecological Theories ◽  
School Resource

School resource officer (SRO) behavior varies across schools, but little is known about what shapes their behavior. Social ecological theories state that features of communities shapes individual behavior, including police officers. This may similarly apply to SROs. This study uses the 2015 to 2016 School Survey on Crime and Safety to test the extent to which three aspects of a school’s context related to behavior management (i.e., security measures, disciplinary environment, and restorative practices) shape SROs’ involvement in three roles: law enforcement, teacher, and mentor. Using a generalized structural equation model to examine the relationships between school context and SRO roles, consistent with ecological theories, we find that school context shapes SRO roles. Implications and future research are further discussed.

Linking Organizational Justice to Organizational Commitment Among Nigerian Police Officers

2021 ◽  
pp. 009385482110361
Author(s):  
Ivan Y. Sun ◽  
Yuning Wu ◽  
Smart E. Otu ◽  
Gilbert C. Aro ◽  
Ikechukwu Charles Akor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Organizational Justice ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Future Research ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Mediating Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship

Organizational commitment is an imperative aspect of occupational attitudes as it signals employees’ willingness to stay with their organization and effectively achieve collective goals. Although recent studies have assessed factors influencing police officers’ organizational commitment, very little is known about the antecedents of police commitment in African countries. Based on a survey of Nigerian police officers, the study assesses the linkage between organizational justice and organizational commitment directly and indirectly through organizational trust and job satisfaction. Structural equation modeling (SEM) indicates that the relationship between organizational justice and organizational commitment is principally indirect through the mediating mechanisms of supervisory trustworthiness and job satisfaction. Officers who express greater organizational justice report higher trust in their management and supervisors and, subsequently, stronger job satisfaction, leading to higher organizational commitment. Implications for future research and policy are discussed.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a short Yoga Nidra meditation on stress, sleep, and well-being in a large and diverse sample

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther N. Moszeik ◽  
Timo von Oertzen ◽  
Karl-Heinz Renner
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Core Element ◽  
Waitlist Control Group ◽  
Affective Components ◽  
Meditation Group ◽  
Yoga Nidra

Abstract Previous studies have shown that meditation-based interventions can have a significant impact on stress and well-being in various populations. To further extend these findings, an 11-min Yoga Nidra meditation that may especially be integrated in a busy daily schedule by people who can only afford short time for breaks was adapted and analyzed in an experimental online study design. The effects of this short meditation on stress, sleep, well-being and mindfulness were examined for the first time. The meditation was provided as audio file and carried out during a period of 30 days by the participants of the meditation group. A Structural Equation Model (SEM) was used to analyze the data with Full Information Maximum Likelihood (FIML) in order to cope with missing data. As expected, the meditation group (N = 341) showed lower stress, higher well-being and improved sleep quality after the intervention (very small to small effect sizes) compared with a waitlist control group (N = 430). It turned out that the meditation had a stronger impact on the reduction of negative affect than on the increase of positive affect and also a stronger effect on affective components of well-being. Mindfulness, as a core element of the meditation, increased during the study within the meditation group. All effects remained stable at follow-up six weeks later. Overall, a large, heterogeneous sample showed that already a very short dose of meditation can positively influence stress, sleep, and well-being. Future research should consider biological markers as well as active control groups.

Effects of social attachment on social media continuous usage intention: The mediating role of affective commitment

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Maosheng Yang ◽  
Shangui Hu ◽  
Bagna Essohanam Kpandika ◽  
Lei Liu
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Affective Commitment ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Social Attachment ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Continuous Usage Intention

BACKGROUND: Social attachment has been identified as a key antecedent motivating users’ social media involvement. However, there is a scarcity of research investigating whether and how three dimensions of social attachment exert impacts on users’ continuous usage intention of social media. OBJECTIVE: Based on structural equation model analysis, the current research clarifies the relationships between social attachment, affective commitment and social media continuous usage intention, which unveils the underlying mechanism through which three dimensions of social attachment influence users’ continuous usage intention of social media. METHODS: A survey was conducted with 536 informative responses obtained from TikTok public users for hypothesis testing analysis. RESULTS: Results indicate that three dimensions of social attachment (social connections, social dependence and social identity) are all positively related to users’ continuous usage intention of social media. Affective commitment partially mediates the relationship between social attachment and users’ continuous usage intention of social media. CONCLUSIONS: The current research makes an in-depth study about the underlying mechanism whereby social attachment exerts impacts on social media continuous usage intentionand provides several managerial and theoretical implications. Future research directions are discussed as well.

scholarly journals The role of emotions on consumers' satisfaction within the fitness context

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vera Pedragosa ◽  
Rui Biscaia ◽  
Abel Correia
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Initial Step ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Free Thought ◽  
Post Purchase

Previous studies have suggested that consumption-related emotions are important to understand post-purchase reactions. This study examines the relationship between fitness consumers' emotions and overall satisfaction. After an initial step of free-thought listing and content validity, followed by a pre-test, a survey was conducted among consumers of five different fitness centers (n=786). The questionnaire included measures to assess positive and negative emotions, as well as overall satisfaction with the fitness center. The results gathered through a structural equation model provide evidence that negative emotion experienced by consumers impacts negatively overall satisfaction, while positive emotion have a positive effect on overall satisfaction. These findings suggest managerial implications, such as the need to collect consumers' perceptions of both tangible and intangible aspects of the services, listen costumers' opinions in a regular basis, and provide regular training to staff members, in order to identify the triggers of positive emotions and contribute to increased levels of overall satisfaction. Guidelines for future research within the fitness context are also suggested.

The Hidden Half: Linking microbial communities to habitat condition and vegetation management in UK blanket bogs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Burn ◽  
Andreas Heinemeyer ◽  
Thorunn Helgason ◽  
David Glaves ◽  
Michael Morecroft
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Microbial Communities ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Vegetation Management ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Habitat Condition ◽  
Blanket Bog ◽  
The Uk

<p>Peatlands are globally valued for the ecosystem services they deliver, including water quality regulation and carbon sequestration. In the UK, blanket bogs are the main peatland habitat and previous work has linked blanket bog management, especially rotational burning of heather vegetation on grousemoors, to impacts on these ecosystem services. However, we still lack a mechanistic, process-level understanding of how peatland management and habitat status is linked to ecosystem service provision, which is mostly driven by soil microbial processes.</p><p>Here we examine bacterial and fungal communities across a spectrum of “intact” to degraded UK blanket bogs and under different vegetation management strategies. Sites included grousemoors under burnt and alternative mown or uncut management along with further locations including 'near intact', degraded and restored sites across a UK climatic gradient ranging from Exmoor (South UK), the Peak District (Mid) to the Flow Country (North). Moreover, an experiment was setup at the University of York with peat mesocosms taken from all sites and management/habitat conditions to allow a comparison between field and controlled conditions and assessing root-mediated processes. Using a structural equation model, we linked grousemoor management to specific fungal/bacterial functional groups, and have started to relate this to changes in water quality provision and carbon cycle aspects. This represents a significant step in the effort to use microbial communities as indicators of peatland habitat condition in UK upland blanket bogs. </p><p> </p>

scholarly journals ANTECEDENTS OF CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOR TOWARDS ON ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY PRODUCTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Renny Risqiani Roesman
Keyword(s):  
Social Influence ◽  
Behavior Management ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Perceived Quality ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Shopping Behavior ◽  
Purchase Behavior ◽  
Buying Behavior ◽  
Environmental Attitude

<p>This research aims to analyze the factors that influence the green purchase behavior. The sample used consisted of 163 respondents who were selected using purposive sampling. The Structural Equation Model method is used to analyze data using hypothesis testing. The results of the study show Attitude, Social Influence, Perceived Quality of Green Product have an effect on Green Purchase Behavior. Whereas environmental knowledge does not affect attitude and green purchase behavior. Management must be able to improve consumer shopping behavior by increasing Consumers Environmental Attitude, Social Influence and Perceived Quality of green products</p>

scholarly journals Multi‐dimensional nature of service innovation

2011 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 1164-1192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renu Agarwal ◽  
Willem Selen
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Service Innovation ◽  
Telecommunications Industry ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Service Network ◽  
Content Type

PurposeInnovation in services is thought to be multi‐dimensional in nature, and in this context the purpose of this paper is to present and operationalise the concept of “elevated service offerings” (ESO) in collaborating service organisations. ESO stands for new or enhanced service offerings which can only be eventuated as a result of partnering, and which could not be delivered on individual organisational merit. ESO helps us expand our understanding of service innovation to include a service network or service system's dimension.Design/methodology/approachA structural equation model is specified and estimated based on constructs and relationships grounded in the literature, as well as self‐developed constructs, using empirical data from 449 respondents in an Australian telecommunications service provider (SP) and its partnering organisations.FindingsResults show that ESO is a multi‐dimensional construct which was operationalised and validated through an extensive literature review, exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modelling using a holdout sample.Research limitations/implicationsQualitative and empirical data analysis was undertaken with data collected from a single large telecommunications SP organisation, and its partnering organisations. Future research may seek to collect data from the entire telecommunications industry sector and their partnering organisations, across other service sectors, or even any other organisation where collaboration is pivotal to their success.Practical implicationsService organisations today need to understand that innovation in services is not just about process or product innovation, or even performance and productivity improvements, but in fact includes organisational forms of innovation. Indeed, the interactions and complementarities between the three different aspects of ESO – strategic, productivity, and performance – highlight the increasing complex and multi‐dimensional character of innovation and the ongoing iterative process.Originality/valueThis research provides empirical evidence for the existence of a multi‐dimensional innovation in services construct – known as elevated service offerings in a collaborative service network, along with an adapted definition of service and a service innovation model.

Using SEM to Examine the Dimensions of Perfectionism and Investigate the Mediating Role of Self-Esteem Between Perfectionism and Depression in China

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Zhang ◽  
Taisheng Cai
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Maladaptive Perfectionism ◽  
Adaptive Perfectionism

The aim of the study was to examine the nature of perfectionism, to gain a better understanding of the construct using the Chinese population. The study also explored the relationships between perfectionism, self-esteem and depression after identifying the three dimensions of perfectionism. A sample of 292 Chinese university students completed the Frost Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (FMPS), the Hewitt Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale (HMPS), the Almost Perfect Scale — Revised (APS-R), the Self-Esteem Scale (SES), and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). As hypothesised, the confirmatory factor analyses revealed that multidimensional perfectionism is explained as a three-factor construct with dimensions of maladaptive perfectionism, adaptive perfectionism and order factor. As predicted, the structural equation model analyses indicated that self-esteem partially mediated the relationship between maladaptive perfectionism and depression. Implications for counselling interventions and future research are discussed.

scholarly journals The Effect of Ethical Leadership, Code of Ethics on Integrity Mediated by Job Satisfaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
M. Adhi Makayasa ◽  
Tigor Sitorus ◽  
Chairul Muriman Setyabudi
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Direct Effect ◽  
Ethical Leadership ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Police Integrity ◽  
City Police

This study aims to determine the effect of ethical leadership, code of ethics on police integrity mediated by job satisfaction  in Bandar Lampung City Police. Police integrity is a crucial phenomenon, because this is the foundation to improve the performance of individuals and organizations as expected by the Indonesian National Police (POLRI). The number of samples in this study were 250 police officers from five different units in the structure of Bandar Lampung City Police. The sampling method used is purposive sampling and cluster sampling. Structural Equation Model Analysis (SEM) is also used to test the effect of ethical leadership, code of ethics and job satisfaction by placing job satisfaction as a mediating variable on police integrity.In accordance with SEM analysis. This study finds that the code of ethics has an influence on job satisfaction (r = 0.45; p <0.00), and ethical leadership has a significant effect on job satisfaction (r = 0.39; p <0.00). The code of ethics affects the integrity of the police (r = 0.299; p<0.00). Furthermore, ethical leadership has a significant influence on police integrity (r = 0.575; p <0.00). Therefore, it can be concluded that the code of ethics has a strong direct effect on job satisfaction. In addition, job satisfaction has a stronger direct effect (r = 0.24; p <0.05) on police integrity.

scholarly journals Moderating Effect of Proactivity on Firm Absorptive Capacity and Performance: Empirical Evidence from Spanish Firms

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (17) ◽  
pp. 2099
Author(s):  
Rafael Sancho-Zamora ◽  
Isidro Peña-García ◽  
Santiago Gutiérrez-Broncano ◽  
Felipe Hernández-Perlines
Keyword(s):  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Equation Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Learning Capability ◽  
Proactive Behaviour ◽  
Innovation Capacity ◽  
And Performance

The purpose of this study was to understand how proactivity can affect the relationship between absorptive capacity and organisational performance. Most previous studies have ignored the role of proactivity in this relationship and have not considered the multidimensional nature of absorptive capacity. A questionnaire was sent to 800 CEOs of Spanish companies from different sectors, procuring a response rate of 38.25%. A structural equation model was applied to test the hypothesis. This study confirms the positive effect that absorptive capacity has on business performance and the moderating role of proactivity in this relationship. Companies that develop their capacity to absorb information from the environment achieve better results. Furthermore, if they engage in proactive behaviour within their company, this relationship is stronger. Future research should include more capacities that are related to knowledge and business performance (i.e., learning capability, innovation capacity, etc.). This study contributes to the understanding of how to manage a company’s knowledge in an appropriate way. It sheds new light on how knowledge management should be conducted, emphasising not only the gathering of information but also the promotion of a proactive attitude on the part of employees to achieve the goal of better performance.

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