Technology Transfer Through Vita, Volunteers for International Technical Assistance

1968 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 589-591
Author(s):  
Adrienne Cameron Grenfell
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Large Collection ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
General Field ◽  
Economic Considerations

VITA (Volunteers for International Technical Assistance) is a non-profit organization which supplies technical assistance to developing nations on a person-to-person basis. The program relies upon a large collection of volunteer technical experts whose advice has answered over 13,000 problems in the general field of developmental technology. Several manuals and handbooks have also been published. The majority of the volunteers are in the physical sciences but technology must be supported by socio-economic considerations, since technology appropriate to the needs of developing nations is only one factor in the drive to achieve freedom from want.

The International Transfer of Medical Technology—An Analysis and a Proposal for Effective Monitoring

1977 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. Bader
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Medical Technology ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Code Of Conduct ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Aid Programs ◽  
Health Organization

The international transfer of medical technology to the developing countries occurs at four levels-medical education, research, and missions; multinational corporate transactions; technical assistance projects sponsored by the World Health Organization; and bilateral foreign aid programs. In this article, a proposal is made for effective monitoring of international medical technology transfer through political and legal means, including a specific code of conduct for corporations engaged in medical technology transfer. The development of “intermediate health technologies” along the lines suggested by E. F. Schumacher, and the advantages of such an innovation in terms of population issues and economic development are also discussed.

The nanotechnology revolution in Barcelona: innovation & creativity by universities

2009 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 111-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esteve Juanola-Feliu
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Technology Transfer ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
The State ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
New Directions ◽  
University Industry ◽  
Opening Up

Abstract This paper analyses the state of the art for nanotechnology in Barcelona, focussing on the scientific and economic challenges arising from nanotechnologies and the creative and innovative framework in Barcelona that could be used to meet them. Nanotechnology is an endless source of innovation and creativity at the intersection of medicine, biotechnology, engineering, physical sciences and information technology, and it is opening up new directions in R + D, knowledge management and technology transfer. Given the huge economic investment and cutting-edge research in the field of nanotechnology, a creatively managed and cooperation-based university industry is more in demand than ever before.

Artisans Meet Design: The Reception of the Turkish Handicraft Development Office in Turkey1

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahar Emgin
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Developing Nations ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
The Us ◽  
Local Actors ◽  
Technical Assistance Program ◽  
Lively Debate ◽  
Basket Weaving

Abstract Peter Müller-Munk Associates, an American industrial design firm, established the Turkish Handicraft Development Office in 1957 in Ankara as part of the US technical assistance program to developing nations. The aim of the program was to improve selected local crafts products in order to make them appealing for the American market. To this end, American designers and local craftspeople produced about 150 prototypes formed by creative combinations of meerschaum, copperware, ceramics, woodwork and basket weaving. When the office was closed in the early 1960s because of its failure to mass-produce the samples, it left behind a lively debate regarding the improvement of craft production and its relation to industrialization and economic growth. This article focuses on these debates to determine the place allocated to design within the discussions of crafts as a socio-economic activity. The article will focus on the reception of the design assistance program among the local actors to answer how Turkish crafts practitioners and officials perceived design, how the emergent concept of design was linked with handicraft and artisanal production, and how it took place as part of the agenda of economic and industrial development.

Overcoming Communication Barriers to Effective Technology Transfer

1996 ◽  
Vol 1565 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Deborah Reaves Divine
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Communication Barriers ◽  
Good Information ◽  
Assistance Program ◽  
Success Stories ◽  
Effective Technology ◽  
Technical Assistance Program ◽  
Effective Transfer

Effective technology transfer requires good information, an effective transfer agent, a receptive audience, and an environment conducive to information transfer. Communication barriers arise in the technology transfer process. The Local Technical Assistance Program, formerly the Rural Technical Assistance Program, of FHWA offers many success stories of barriers overcome and effective technology transfer occurring.

scholarly journals Certainty and uncertainty in science: the subjectivistic concept of probability in physiology and medicine.

1994 ◽  
Vol 267 (6) ◽  
pp. S113 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Jevning ◽  
R Anand ◽  
M Biedebach
Keyword(s):  
Relative Frequency ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Probability Method ◽  
Large Collection ◽  
Physical Sciences ◽  
Physical Probability ◽  
Degree Of Belief ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Probability And Statistics

Most physiological scientists have restricted understanding of probability as relative frequency in a large collection (for example, of atoms). Most appropriate for the relatively circumscribed problems of the physical sciences, this understanding of probability as a physical property has conveyed the widespread impression that the "proper" statistical "method" can eliminate uncertainty by determining the "correct" frequency or frequency distribution. However, many relatively recent developments in the theory of probability and decision making deny such exalted statistical ability. Proponents of Bayes's subjectivist theory, for example, assert that probability is "degree of belief," a more tentative idea than relative frequency or physical probability, even though degree of belief assessment may utilize frequency information. In the subjectivist view, probability and statistics are means of expressing a consistent opinion (a probability) to handle uncertainty but never means to eliminate it. In the physiological sciences the contrast between the two views is critical, because problems dealt with are generally more complex than those of physics, requiring judgments and decisions. We illustrate this in testing the efficacy of penicillin by showing how the physical probability method of "hypothesis testing" may contribute to the erroneous idea that science consists of "verified truths" or "conclusive evidence" and how this impression is avoided in subjectivist probability analysis.

scholarly journals Balanced Scorecard Framework for Evaluating the Entrepreneurial Potential of the University. Analyzing the Case of a Romanian University

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 355
Author(s):  
Diana-Manuela Lina
Keyword(s):  
Technology Transfer ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Balanced Scorecard ◽  
The Other ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Entrepreneurial Universities ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Private Organizations ◽  
The University

Studies addressing the use of Balanced Scorecard for measuring the management performance generally focus on private organizations and less on non-profit organizations, particularly on universities. On the other hand, there is a great research interest in defining the entrepreneurial university dimensions. In this context, the objective of this study is to explore the evaluation of the entrepreneurial potential of the university using Balanced Scorecard, based on the understanding and development of the concept of entrepreneurial university.Adopting the method of qualitative analysis and using primary data obtained from the university’s official strategic planning documents, the study analyzes the entrepreneurial potential of the university using BSC as an evaluation tool.The analysis is made at the „Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași level. This university located in Romania, together with other Romanian universities are taking the first steps towards becoming entrepreneurial by: introducing entrepreneurship courses, setting up student entrepreneurial societies, supporting competitions that stimulate entrepreneurship among students, creating technology transfer offices.The results reflect the perspective of using BSC as a useful management instrument for evaluation and development of the entrepreneurial potential of university.The study can contribute to a better understanding of using BSC as a management tool for evaluating entrepreneurial universities.

The pollution prevention partnership: a Colorado voluntary private/public environmental initiative

1994 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 215-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Ferraro
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Regulatory Compliance ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Colorado State University ◽  
Corporate Executives

It started with breakfast. In 1989 representatives from industry, regulatory agencies and public interest groups began to meet over early morning coffee. At first they sought a better dialogue between industries and regulatory agencies-turning potential adversaries into team-mates. Later, this “breakfast club” evolved into the Pollution Prevention Partnership, a Colorado voluntary environmental initiative. The goal: working together to prevent pollution at its source. By 1991, the Pollution Prevention Partnership (PPP) formed a non-profit organization. The Partnership set new standards for reducing pollution in Colorado's industries by making it easier for regulatory officials, public interest spokespeople and industry representatives to meet and forge new solutions to environmental problems. The first major project, “SolvNet I,” focused on reducing the use of 1,1,1-trichloroethane (TCA). TCA poses both health and environmental hazards. PPP set a goal for each company in the Partnership to reduce its use and release of this industrial “solvent-of-choice” by 70%. Partnership members methodically searched for more acceptable alternatives, testing over 50 compounds. By making changes in processes, products and business methods, they exceeded their goal. Pollution prevention-by reducing solvent use-reduces burdensome regulatory compliance, taxes and surcharges. The work has not stopped there. The Partnership is reaching beyond its membership to other Colorado businesses. Members conducted technical workshops for other industry representatives. The Partnership hosted a luncheon for Colorado's top corporate executives. They worked with the Waste Minimization Assessment Center, of Colorado State University, to perform waste assessments at small and medium size industries in Colorado. Work is also under way on SolvNet II, an expanded program designed to reduce hazardous industrial waste by the Partnership's industrial members. This paper presents the purpose and goals of the Pollution Prevention Partnership. It discusses the SolvNet I and SolvNet II projects, gives perspectives on how companies succeeded in preventing pollution, and outlines the Partnerships technical assistance activities.

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