The Semantic Differential as an Index of Traffic Sign Perception and Comprehension

1977 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert E. Dewar ◽  
Jerry G. Ells
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Differential ◽  
The Other ◽  
Traffic Sign ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Valid Instrument ◽  
Paper And Pencil ◽  
Verbal Messages ◽  
Highly Correlated

There is a need to develop and validate simple, inexpensive techniques for the evaluation of traffic sign messages. This paper examines the semantic differential (a paper-and-pencil test which measures psychological meaning) as a potential instrument for such evaluation. Two experiments are described, one relating semantic differential scores to comprehension and the other relating this index to glance legibility. The data indicate that semantic differential scores on all four factors (evaluative, activity, potency, and understandability) were highly correlated with comprehension of symbolic messages. These scores were unrelated to glance legibility of verbal messages, but two factors (evaluative and understandability) did correlate with glance legibility of symbolic messages. It was concluded that the semantic differential is a valid instrument for evaluating comprehension of symbolic sign messages and that it has advantages over other techniques.

Factor Structure of the Hellenic WISC-III for Children with Learning Disabilities

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (03) ◽  
pp. 20445-20451
Author(s):  
Adam A ◽  
Kiosseoglou G ◽  
Abatzoglou G ◽  
Papaligoura Z.
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Clinical Value ◽  
Reasoning Abilities ◽  
Picture Arrangement ◽  
Factorial Model ◽  
Verbal Subtest ◽  
Two Factors

The present research aims to examine the factor structure of the Hellenic WISC-III in a sample of 50 children with learning disabilities. The results show the existence of a factorial model with two factors, one aggregating the Comprehension verbal subtest with four performance subtests and the other the Picture Arrangement performance subtest with four verbal subtests. This two-factor model includes loadings in two factors that relate to the sequencing abilities and the verbal reasoning abilities of children. These findings assert the clinical value of the intelligence evaluation in these children.

Tourists’ and Residents’ Impressions of A Heritage Tourism Site: The Case of Kampong Taman Sari, Indonesia

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Ernawati ◽  
Gary T. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Heritage Tourism ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
The Other ◽  
Measuring Instrument ◽  
Built Heritage ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Similarities And Differences

The interface between tourism and built heritage is complicated because much built heritage is located in the middle of living communities. Questions arise about how to achieve a balance between the expectations of tourists and the community. To study this question, this paper reports on tourists’ and residents’ impressions of an international heritage tourism site, the Kampong Taman Sari in Indonesia. Using a linear-numeric semantic differential as the measuring instrument and nine consensus photographs of the site as stimuli, the study investigated similarities and differences in impressions between three groups: tourists (international and domestic) and residents. Three principal dimensions were found to underlie impressions of the site: Attractiveness, Organisation, and Novelty. Significant differences were found among all three groups in their impressions of Attractiveness. In terms of impressions of the Organisation of the site, international and domestic tourists have similar impressions but these differ significantly from the impressions of residents. On the other hand, domestic tourists and residents have similar impressions of the Novelty of the site, which is evaluated differently by international tourists.

SOIL MORPHOLOGY AND SOIL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES. I. SOIL AERATION

1972 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 311-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. W. AYRES ◽  
R. G. BUTTON ◽  
E. DE JONG
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
The Other ◽  
Soil Morphology ◽  
Soil Horizons ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
Soil Aeration ◽  
Structural Types ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Undisturbed Soil Cores

The relation between soil structure and soil aeration was investigated on undisturbed soil cores from soil horizons exhibiting six distinct kinds of soil structure (prismatic, columnar, blocky, granular, platy, massive) over a broad range of soil texture. Soil aeration was characterized at ⅓ atm suction by measurements of air porosity, relative diffusivity (D/Do) and the rate of oxygen diffusion to a platinum microelectrode (ODR). Aeration was adequate in most of the Chernozemic soil horizons studied; however, aeration in many of the Bnt horizons of the Solonetzic soils was inadequate. Air porosity and D/Do were highly correlated. The regression coefficient for D/Do vs. air porosity for blocky structures was significantly different from that found for the other five structural types. For granular structures a negative correlation was found for ODR vs. air porosity compared with a low positive correlation found for the other structure types.

scholarly journals Two Factors in Face Recognition: Whether You Know the Person’s Face and Whether You Share the Person’s Race

Perception ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 030100662110140
Author(s):  
Xingchen Zhou ◽  
A. M. Burton ◽  
Rob Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Face Recognition ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Performance Measures ◽  
Recognition Accuracy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Familiarity Effect ◽  
Race Effect ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Unfamiliar Face

One of the best-known phenomena in face recognition is the other-race effect, the observation that own-race faces are better remembered than other-race faces. However, previous studies have not put the magnitude of other-race effect in the context of other influences on face recognition. Here, we compared the effects of (a) a race manipulation (own-race/other-race face) and (b) a familiarity manipulation (familiar/unfamiliar face) in a 2 × 2 factorial design. We found that the familiarity effect was several times larger than the race effect in all performance measures. However, participants expected race to have a larger effect on others than it actually did. Face recognition accuracy depends much more on whether you know the person’s face than whether you share the same race.

scholarly journals Measuring the contribution of specialist vocabulary knowledge to academic achievement: disentangling effects of multiple types of word knowledge

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Masrai ◽  
James Milton ◽  
Dina Abdel Salam El-Dakhs ◽  
Heba Elmenshawy
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Academic Success ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
Vocabulary Knowledge ◽  
The Other ◽  
Word Knowledge ◽  
Academic Vocabulary ◽  
Vocabulary Size ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis study investigates the idea that knowledge of specialist subject vocabulary can make a significant and measurable impact on academic performance, separate from and additional to the impact of general and academic vocabulary knowledge. It tests the suggestion of Hyland and Tse (TESOL Quarterly, 41:235–253, 2007) that specialist vocabulary should be given more attention in teaching. Three types of vocabulary knowledge, general, academic and a specialist business vocabulary factors, are tested against GPA and a business module scores among students of business at a college in Egypt. The results show that while general vocabulary size has the greatest explanation of variance in the academic success factors, the other two factors - academic and a specialist business vocabulary - make separate and additional further contributions. The contribution to the explanation of variance made by specialist vocabulary knowledge is double that of academic vocabulary knowledge.

Examining the validity of three methods of measuring pre-readers’ knowledge of storybook events

2021 ◽  
pp. 026565902199554
Author(s):  
Lynn Dempsey
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Narrative Comprehension ◽  
Important Predictor ◽  
Story Comprehension ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Event Knowledge ◽  
Yield Information ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
Planning Intervention

Planning intervention for narrative comprehension deficits requires a thorough understanding of a child’s skill in all component domains. The purpose of this study was to examine the validity of three methods of measuring pre-readers’ event knowledge, an important predictor of story comprehension. Thirty-eight typically developing children (12 males; 26 females) between the ages of 30–59 months ( M = 42.05 SD = 7.62) completed three measures – verbal account, enactment, picture-sequencing – that tapped their knowledge of two different events before listening to stories based on each of those events and completing story comprehension tasks. Scores for verbal account and enactment, but not for picture sequencing, (1) were moderately correlated with comprehension scores for the corresponding story; (2) reflected differential knowledge of the two events, though not in the expected direction; (3) were moderately correlated with one another in the case of each story. In general measures for the same event were more highly correlated with one another than with measures of the other event. Overall, results suggest that verbal account and enactment may yield information useful for clinicians planning intervention for children with narrative comprehension deficits.

A New Test of Auditory-Visual Integration

1973 ◽  
Vol 36 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1063-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew H. Gregory ◽  
H. Margaret Gregory
Keyword(s):  
Reading Ability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nonverbal Intelligence ◽  
Visual Integration ◽  
Morse Form ◽  
Highly Correlated

Two auditory-visual integration tests were given to 86 children from 6 yr. to 11 yr. One test was basically that developed by Birch; the other used Morse-type stimuli. The children were also given tests of nonverbal intelligence, reading and vocabulary. With age and intelligence partialled out, the Morse form of test was significantly more highly correlated with reading ability than the Birch test. Reasons are suggested as to why the Morse version may be a better test of some of the underlying skills involved in reading.

Hypertriglyceridemia: Apheretic Treatment

2005 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1018-1024 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Giannini ◽  
M. Valbonesi ◽  
F. Morelli ◽  
P. Carlier ◽  
M.C. De Luigi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Bone Marrow Transplantation ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cyclosporin A ◽  
Marrow Transplantation ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
High Triglyceride

Patients with extremely high triglyceride levels and associated lipemia are at high risk for acute pancreatitis. Two factors can increase triglyceride-rich lipoproteins; one is overproduction and other is a defect in clearance. Either mechanism can cause hypertriglyceridemia and both may exist simultaneously. Causes can be either primary or secondary. Plasmapheresis is efficacious for severe hypertryceridemia in patients who have not responded to previous therapies. We have treated 15 cases of hypertrygliceridemia complicating the course of patients receiving Cyclosporin A after bone marrow transplantation. Five patients were treated with plasmapheresis, the other ten with cascade filtration. The removal rate for triglycerides was 58.0% for patients treated by cascade filtration and 63.5% for patients treated by plasmapheresis. The removal rates for triglycerides were low possibly as a consequence of early saturation of the filter.

ATTITUDES TOWARD HEALTH AMONG CHILDREN OF DIFFERENT RACES AND SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 422-426
Author(s):  
Carter L. Marshall ◽  
Khatab M. Hassanein ◽  
Ruth S. Hassanein ◽  
Carol L. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Inner City ◽  
Health Personnel ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Black Children ◽  
The Other ◽  
Culture Of Poverty ◽  
White Children ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Fourth Grade Students ◽  
Health Institutions

The semantic differential, a means of measuring attitudes, was administered to 178 fourth grade students to compare attitudes toward health. One school was composed almost entirely of black children from the inner city, the other contained white children from upper middle class homes. When the children were divided into the two groups by sex, differences between the groups were not statistically significant but there were highly significant differences between the races. Generally, white children held more positive attitudes toward health personnel and health institutions than black children, while on the average black children were less concerned about sickness than white children. Whether these differences in attitude are in some way ethnically determined or based rather on a "culture of poverty" could not be determined from this study.

Ground vibrations near dynamite blasts*

1939 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 487-496
Author(s):  
L. Don Leet
Keyword(s):  
Internal Friction ◽  
Initial Energy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ground Vibrations ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Natural Decay

Summary In general, then, the concentrated energy at the source is actually divided among the principal wave types, which are there added together. Within very short distances, however, these wave types begin to separate because of their different velocities. There are thus two factors working to reduce the maximum shaking to which the ground is subjected. One is the natural decay of each wave with distance, as internal friction exhausts its original energy. The other, which is usually the dominating effect at short distances, is this stringing out of the wave types, each carrying its portion of the initial energy, until there is no longer any concentration where two or more types join forces to produce additive amplitudes.

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