scholarly journals Public officials’ liability: a case study on Poland

2018 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-182
Author(s):  
Dawid Chaba
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Legal System ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Official ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
The Law ◽  
Financial Liability

Performing the role of a public official entails the necessity of accepting a certain responsibility. This results from the fact that officials handle various tasks of great significance to both the state and its citizens. The duties should be carried out in a professional, upright and lawful manner. Otherwise, it is essential to hold public officials responsible and bring them to justice. This article will focus on the basic issues concerning one particular type of responsibility, which is a financial liability for a serious breach of the law. A particular emphasis will be put on the specification of the subjective and objective scope of the said responsibility. Points for practitioners The research provides public administration practitioners with a comprehensive understanding of issues related to the liability of administration employees for serious breaches of the law. Officials should be aware that the tasks they perform should be carried out thoroughly and in accordance with the law due to their significance to the state and citizens. Otherwise, it is necessary to hold officials accountable and liable. The article demonstrates how the regulations are practically implemented in the Polish legal system, whether officials are held liable and various relevant issues.

The Legal Framework for Foundations in the Habsburg Monarchy from 1750 to 1918

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-172
Author(s):  
Gabriele Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Public Good ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
The State ◽  
Habsburg Monarchy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Regulation And Supervision ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Law

Foundations, as permanent funds established by a certain legal act, can serve manifold purposes, but often pursue charitable goals. As such, they play an important role for the public good. Therefore, states always had an interest in fostering foundations by providing a pertinent legal framework. In Austria, this topic has not yet been the focus of scholarship. Through this study some light is shed on the implementation of the law on foundations in the Habsburg Monarchy. It focuses on the role of the state and its legal system regarding the regulation and supervision of foundations from 1750 to 1918. This period is characterized by the sovereigns’ endeavor to regulate the position of foundations via extensive legislation. In particular, a system of oversight for foundations was created in order to guarantee the attainment of their charitable goals. In fact, this system prevailed until the end of the 20thcentury.

scholarly journals Role of Public Entities in Suitable Provision of Public Services: Case Study from Slovakia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 143
Author(s):  
Viera Papcunová ◽  
Roman Vavrek ◽  
Marek Dvořák
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Public Services ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Role ◽  
The Public ◽  
State Administration

Local governments in the Slovak Republic are important in public administration and form an important part of the public sector, as they provide various public services. Until 1990, all public services were provided only by the state. The reform of public administration began in 1990 with the decentralization of competencies. Several competencies were transferred to local governments from the state, and thus municipalities began to provide public services that the state previously provided. Registry offices were the first to be acquired by local governments from the state. This study aimed to characterize the transfer of competencies and their financing from state administration to local government using the example of registry offices in the Slovak Republic. In the paper, we evaluated the financing of this competency from 2007 to 2018 at the level of individual regions of the Slovak Republic. The results of the analysis and testing of hypotheses indicated that a higher number of inhabitants in individual regions did not affect the number of actions at these offices, despite the fact that the main role of the registry office is to keep registry books, in which events, such as births, weddings, and deaths, are registered.

scholarly journals Likums runā latviski: cīņas par juridisko valodu “Tieslietu Ministrijas Vēstneša” lappusēs

2021 ◽  
pp. 370-377
Author(s):  
Dina Gailīte ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
Criminal Code ◽  
Civil Code ◽  
The State ◽  
Penal Law ◽  
The Law ◽  
State Language

Until the establishment of the Latvian state, the Latvian language was not used in public administration, laws, and the legal system. After the establishment of the state, the Latvian language became the state language, and there was an urgent need to develop terminology in numerous spheres, including justice. The authors of the publications of the law journal “Tieslietu Ministrijas Vēstnesis” (Journal of the Ministry of Justice) actively participated in this process. The discussions about terminology of two major codes, the Penal Law (Criminal Code) and the Civil Law (Civil Code), were particularly extensive.

scholarly journals The Role of Judges in Dealing with Community Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 195
Author(s):  
Maulana Hasanudin
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Community Development ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
The State ◽  
Judicial Power ◽  
The Law ◽  
Law And Justice ◽  
Important Structure

<p>The purpose of this paper is to determine the role of the judge in facing the development of society. Judges are part of the important structure of the judicial power branch in Indonesia. Judicial power is an independent power to administer justice in order to uphold law and justice. Judges are given the power to judge. Judges have an important role as law enforcement officers in the law enforcement process in Indonesia, so they must pay attention to legal objectives. The role of the judge has consequences for the responsibility of the judge which is very heavy, where the judge has responsibility to one God, to the nation and state, to himself, to the law, to the parties and to society. Judges and society are elements that cannot be separated in a legal system. The judge is a product of the society and culture where he comes from and is. The function of the judiciary is to decide disputes between individuals and individuals, individuals and communities, even individuals or society and the state; forming or making a policy or policy.</p><p align="center">[]</p><p><em>Tujuan penulisan ini adalah mengetahui peranan peranan hakim dalam menghadapi perkembangan masyarakat. Hakim merupakan bagian dari struktur penting cabang kekuasaan kehakiman di Indonesia. Kekuasaan Kehakiman merupakan kekuasaan yang merdeka untuk menyelenggarakan peradilan guna menegakkan hukum dan keadilan. Hakim diberi wewenang untuk mengadili. Hakim memiliki peranan penting sebagai aparat penegak hukum dalam proses penegakan hukum di Indonesia, sehingga harus memperhatikan tujuan hukum. Peranan hakim memiliki konsekuensi terhadap pertanggungjawaban hakim yang sangat berat, dimana hakim memiliki tanggung jawab terhadap tuhan yang maha esa, terhadap bangsa dan negara, terhadap diri sendiri, terhadap hukum, terhadap para pihak dan terhadap mayarakat. Hakim dan masyarakat merupakan unsur yang tidak bisa dilepaskan dalam suatu sistem hukum. Hakim sebagai produk masyarakat dan budaya tempat dia berasal dan berada. Fungsi kehakiman adalah memutus sengketa antara individu dengan individu, individu dengan masyarakat, bahkan individu atau masyarakat dengan negara; membentuk atau membuat policy atau kebijakan.</em></p>

Creating the First Assistant Secretary for Congressional Relations (1941-1949) and Subsequent Developments: A Case Study of Thickening in the Federal Bureaucracy

Public Voices ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Mordecai Lee
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
State Department ◽  
The State ◽  
Federal Bureaucracy ◽  
Standard Position ◽  
The Subject

This case study presents historical proofs of the thickening dynamic in federalexecutive branch agencies that Light had conceptualized in 1995. This inquiry focuses on the now-standard position of assistant secretary for Congressional liaison found in most Cabinet departments. The case study traces the incremental creation of the first such assistant secretaryship in the State Department between 1944 and 1949 and then a gradual horizontal thickening as the office spread to most Cabinet departments. The subject of the case study also provides an opportunity to explore the role of legislative relations in public administration, a subject largely neglected in the literature.

scholarly journals AN ETHICAL AND AN INTELLIGENT BUREAUCRATIC LAW REFORM

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Jawade Hafidz
Keyword(s):  
Legal System ◽  
Social Role ◽  
The State ◽  
Law Reform ◽  
Discretionary Power ◽  
Legal Ethics ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Law

Bureaucracy and the law are two forces that must go hand in hand. Bureaucratic disregard the law when it goes limp bureaucratic system with no force because the bureaucratic system will not run when the law was abandoned. Bureaucracy in indonesia often look weak in a system. First rampant corruption in the bureaucracy is the main cause of dishonesty (actor) bureaucrats in understanding the nature of law. Breaking effects and misusing the mandate. Second, in our country as chaotic bureaucracy therein lies stagnation and the legal system in force when the bureaucracy that must be realized in accordance with the function and social role as a servant of the state. The third in the current law is enforced through a reformulation bureaucracy or bureaucratic reforms therein lies the role of bureaucracy is no longer comply with the law. Presence of bureaucracy in addition to be honest and transparent with the legal ethics bureaucracy is needed. Ethics is important in the bureaucracy. First, the existing problems in the bureaucracy becoming increasingly complex. Second, the success of development that has improved the dynamics and pace of change in the bureaucratic environment. Bureaucracy perform adjustment which requires discretionary power great.

scholarly journals Effectiveness Of Administrative Sanctions Enforcement In Code Of Notary (A Studi In Cirebon)

Jurnal Akta ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 689
Author(s):  
Maulana Agung ◽  
Gunarto Gunarto
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Price Competition ◽  
The State ◽  
Deterrent Effect ◽  
Public Official ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
The Law ◽  
Code Violations ◽  
Administrative Sanctions

In running position, besides bound by the Law Notary, the Notary is also bound by the Notary Code, created by the organization Indonesian Notary Association (INI). Notary supervision carried out by the Minister of Law and Human Rights by establishing a Notary Supervisory Council, and the Organization of Indonesian Notary Association established the Honorary Board of the Notary. The purpose of this study is to analyze the type of Code violations that occurred in Cirebon, analyze the types of sanctions that are applied, and analyze the effectiveness of administrative sanctions were applied in establishing the Notary Code. The results showed of some types of provisions Notary Code, violations that occurred in the district of Cirebon include price competition, and the use of intermediaries in getting clients. Based on the results of this study concluded that several factors causing these violations such as contradictory rules with conditions on the ground, a notary referred to as public official, but are forbidden to promote themselves, as officials, but not paid by the State as public officials more, while the number of Notaries every year increases, there is competition between them, caused intentionally or not unethical Notary. In addition, the sanctions only administratively, causing frequent violations and lack of deterrent effect,Keywords: Code of Notary; Effectiveness; Sanctions.

scholarly journals ‘Poland’ In: ‘Freedom of Assembly in Europe’

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Moulin-Stozek
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
Legal System ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Legal Situation ◽  
The Law ◽  
Administrative Courts ◽  
Mainstream Society ◽  
The Right

The right to freedom of assembly is a fundamental right guaranteed by the Polish Constitution. The Law on Assemblies of 1990 regulates matters concerning assemblies in Poland such as procedure, protection and restrictions of assemblies. Authorities in Poland dispose of very limited discretion in prohibiting an assembly, and it is not the role of public officials or administrative courts to analyse ideas and concepts expressed at an assembly either through the prism of their own convictions or the convictions of mainstream society. The legal situation regulating spontaneous assemblies, counter-demonstrations, flash mobs and gatherings organised by means of new technologies is not accurately determined in the Polish legal system. In general, Polish regulations are consistent with the requirements of the European Commission for Democracy through Law.

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