Productivity Levels in British and German Manufacturing Industry

1992 ◽  
Vol 139 ◽  
pp. 46-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary O'Mahony
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Considerable Increase ◽  
Electrical Engineering ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Aggregate Productivity ◽  
Time Pattern ◽  
Relative Productivity ◽  
Productivity Ratio ◽  
Productivity Gap

Relative levels of labour productivity are estimated to have been about 22 per cent higher in German than in British manufacturing in 1987. The German productivity advantage was most pronounced in non-electrical engineering, vehicles and metals. The British performance was relatively better in food, drink and tobacco and textiles and productivity levels appear to be about equal in the two countries in chemicals and electrical engineering. About 80 per cent of the productivity gap in aggregate manufacturing can be accounted for by differences in the levels of both physical and human capital. The aggregate productivity ratio of 22 per cent is lower than that found for 1968. The time pattern of relative productivity in the intervening two decades shows a considerable increase in the 1970s followed by a rapid narrowing of the productivity gap in the 1980s.

Age-related productivity decrease in high-waged and low-waged employees

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 1151-1170
Author(s):  
Liis Roosaar ◽  
Jaan Masso ◽  
Urmas Varblane
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Older Employees ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
Relative Productivity ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to clarify whether the age-productivity curve is different for low-waged and high-waged employees. Design/methodology/approach Productivity growth is decomposed at the firm level into contributions by hired, separated and staying workers. Based on a matched employer-employee database of Estonian firms from 2006 to 2014 and considering the age as well as wages of employees, a panel data model with fixed effects is constructed to show the relative productivity of each cohort of employees. Findings High-waged employees appeared to be relatively more productive than low-waged employees and middle-aged were more productive than young or old employees. However, the productivity difference between young and old employees was not statistically significant. The age-productivity curve of high-waged employees appeared to be flatter than that of low-waged employees. Only in knowledge intensive services were the low-waged old employees statistically significantly less productive than high-waged old employees. In the manufacturing industry, the young were more productive than in services, in knowledge intensive services the old were less productive than in traditional services. Research limitations/implications The productivity of employees is only analysed for cohorts of employees. Practical implications Employers can be encouraged to hire older employees because old employees are shown to remain at least as productive as young employees. Originality/value The decomposition of labour productivity at the firm level is further developed, as the statistical difference between the productivity of different groups of employees is analysed.

LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY IN THE EAEU MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1239-1260
Author(s):  
Tatyana Voronina ◽  
◽  
Gerel Ishikeeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Labour Productivity

scholarly journals Industrial Case Study on Lean Manufacturing Implemented on Manufacturing Polypropylene Ropes Industry Amravati

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 1318-1323
Author(s):  
Vipul Deshpande
Keyword(s):  
Lean Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Service Industry ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Shop Floor ◽  
Industrial Case Study ◽  
Lean Principles ◽  
Manufacturing Techniques

Abstract: Lean manufacturing has been one of the most standard method in the manufacturing and service industry for elimination of waste. Every manufacturing industry has to put in continuous effort for its survival in the current impulsive and competitive economy. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the adoption of lean manufacturing tools and techniques in the manufacturing industries. This paper is based on actual implementation of lean manufacturing techniques. It focuses on the execution of flow from the start until the end of the implementation, types of analysis and tools applied, evaluation methods and how the industry benefited from the implementation. In this case study we particularly focused on Shop floor management, Quality Management (QM), Supplier and Customer Management (SCM) and Workforce Management (WM). After going through various testing on implementation of Lean Manufacturing principles in Micro Small medium Enterprise (MSME), researcher studied thoughts of some author where they discussed pragmatic problems they overcome while implementing lean principles in developing economies MSME. At the end, the result shows that there is monthly increment in capital productivity and labour productivity. And decrement in inhouse rejection, breakdown hours and customer complaint from the implementation of lean.

scholarly journals Productivity Analysis Of Filling Machine With The Objective Matrix (OMAX) Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
Katrin Sinaga ◽  
Kevin Lie ◽  
Nico Williams ◽  
Theresia Sunarni
Keyword(s):  
Production Line ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Productivity Analysis ◽  
Productivity Measurement ◽  
Productivity Level ◽  
Increase In Productivity ◽  
Productivity Ratio

A Factory is a manufacturing industry that produces tea drinks in cups. A Factory is also inseparable from problems related to machine/equipment productivity. Based on the results of observations made at A Factory part of the production line that there is often a sudden stop of the production process. The discontinuation will affect the quality of the product expected and the production targets to be achieved. The problem was discussed in this research is how much the productivity level of the filling production department is, how much the production effectiveness, effective working hours, the number of defective products, and machine downtime criteria. The productivity measurement method used is the Objective Matrix (OMAX) method, so the steps of this study refer to OMAX steps, which is the criteria determination/productivity ratio of the production line, the calculation of the productivity ratio value, the calculation of the initial standard score (score 3), The determination of the goal (score 10) and the lowest score (score 0), the determination of weight, the calculation of value/criteria value, the determination of productivity value for each period, determination of index percentage. With the OMAX method, it can be seen that in period 11 (compared to period 10) there was an increase in productivity, this can be seen because the IP value (Index of Performance) which is positive (+) is 27.79 and there is an increase in the value of the calculation at the time of measurement (current) from 383.36 to 300. This increase was due to an increase in the value of all criteria.

scholarly journals Regulation of Lifelong in Education and İts Economic, Social Benefits

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1298-1310
Author(s):  
Allahyar Muradov Et al.
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Social Problems ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Development Economic ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The Future ◽  
The Impact

Sustainability in education is important in ensuring knowledge-based and innovation-driven development and human capital reproduction. Sustainability is particular important for the prevention of some economic and social problems that may arise in the future and raising the competitiveness of the country. Sustainability - the prevention as some of economic and social problems that may arise in the future is of particular importance in raising the country's competitiveness. The aim of the research is to estimate the economic-social benefits of regulation of sustainability in education and to give the suggestions in the direction of the improvement of the effectiveness of the regulation. The impact of continuity in education on the formation and development of human capital, knowledge-based society building, labour intelligence, competitiveness and the improvement of welfare are assessed cross-country in the article. In particular, in recent years, researches and politicians have analysed the ‘4th industry’ revolution (‘Industry 4.0’) ‘the benefits and losses in the medium and long-term perspective and its interaction with the sustainability of education. Here are two issues: 1) socioeconomic disadvantages of ensuring sustainability in education, 2) socioeconomic advantages of ensuring sustainability in education. Firstly, it is analysed the impacts of increased unemployment, reduction of employment income, declining social security and welfare that will be resulted as problems on economic development. Secondly, it is analysed (ensuring in sustainability condition) the distinguished factors of rapid technological innovation, labour productivity, repatriation of human capital, raising competitiveness on the international level, innovation-based development, economic benefits of knowledge and skills.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF HUMAN CAPITAL DEVELOPMENT ON PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH IN EU MEMBER STATES

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (0) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alma Mačiulytė-Šniukienė ◽  
Kristina Matuzevičiūtė
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Education Expenditure ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Impact

In this research, we investigate the impact of human capital on labour productivity in European Union member states using panel data analysis. Results of the paper are estimated using the Pooled ordinary least squares (OLS) and Fixed effects model (FEM). The results show that human capital is positively significant in improving the growth of labour productivity in the EU. Our estimates also suggest that the impact occurs after three times lags in case of education expenditure.

Productivity, Machinery and Skills in the United States and Western Europe

1997 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 85-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoff Mason ◽  
David Finegold
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Physical Capital ◽  
The United States ◽  
Vocational Education And Training ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Precision Engineering ◽  
Mass Higher Education ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Relative Productivity

In two very different industries—biscuit manufacturing and precision engineering—US leadership in labour productivity relative to Western European countries is found to depend heavily on greater opportunities for scale-economies of production. Inter-country differences in the age and sophistication of machinery contribute only very partially to relative productivity performance but the US does benefit from higher levels of physical capital per worker. In terms of human capital, American enterprises are well-served by access to a relatively large supply of technical graduates which helps to compensate for deficiencies at lower levels of vocational education and training. The comparisons suggest that the present development of a US-style mass higher education system in Britain could make a positive contribution to British productivity performance. However, the traditional ‘American model’ of production organisation based on a semi-skilled shopfloor workforce is not relevant to the current and future skill needs of most British manufacturing employers.

Human Capital: Fiscal Policy to Support the Development of Labor Cooperatives as a Way to Create the Welfare Society and to Form the National Financial-Exchange Asset

2021 ◽  
Vol 144 (5) ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
Yury V. Alekseev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Personal Experience ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Temporary Work ◽  
Employment Contract ◽  
Personal Motivation ◽  
Welfare Society ◽  
Russian Form

Production cooperative (artel) historically is a native Russian form of collective labour activity, aimed, as a rule, at performing certain permanent or temporary work and requiring mutual guarantee of all workers. Artels and their associations are based only on free creative labour (not hired labour), which allows workers themselves to be responsible for efficiency of managing their time and to improve constantly, providing an increase in labour productivity and production profitability. Such work is fundamentally different from the work under an employment contract. Members of cooperatives do not pass “their time” for rationing “from above”, but independently organize their work, revealing their potential, based on personal experience, ingenuity, freedom and personal motivation, effectively interacting with each other in the workforce.

scholarly journals THE CYCLICAL BEHAVIOR OF UNEMPLOYMENT AND VACANCIES WITH LOSS OF SKILLS DURING UNEMPLOYMENT

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 1277-1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Ortego-Marti
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Aggregate Productivity ◽  
Search And Matching ◽  
Matching Model ◽  
Cyclical Fluctuations ◽  
Search And Matching Model ◽  
Cyclical Behavior

This paper studies the cyclical fluctuations in unemployment and vacancies in a search and matching model in which workers lose skills during periods of unemployment. Firms' profits fluctuate more because aggregate productivity affects the economy's average human capital. Moreover, wages for workers with lower levels of human capital are closer to the value of nonmarket time, leading to more rigid wages. Fluctuations in the vacancy--unemployment ratio are larger than those in the baseline search and matching model and similar to those we observe in the data.

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