scholarly journals ATV and Bicycle Deaths and Associated Costs in the United States, 2000–2005

2009 ◽  
Vol 124 (3) ◽  
pp. 409-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Helmkamp ◽  
Mary E. Aitken ◽  
Bruce A. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Highway Traffic ◽  
National Highway Traffic Safety ◽  
Helmet Use ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Helmet Laws

Objective. We determined the rate and costs of recent U.S. all-terrain vehicle (ATV) and bicycle deaths. Methods. Fatalities were identified from the National Center for Health Statistics Multiple Cause-of-Death public-access file. ATV and bicycle deaths were defined by International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision codes V86.0–V86.9 and V10–V19, respectively. Lifetime costs were estimated using standard methods such as those used by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Results. From 2000 through 2005, 5,204 people died from ATV crashes and 4,924 from bicycle mishaps. A mean of 694 adults and 174 children died annually from ATV injuries, while 666 adults and 155 children died from bicycle injuries. Death rates increased among adult ATV and bike riders and child ATV riders. Males had higher fatality rates for both ATVs and bicycles. Among children, total costs increased 15% for ATV deaths and decreased 23% for bicycle deaths. In adults, ATV costs increased 45% and bike costs increased 39%. Conclusions. Bicycle- and ATV-related deaths and associated costs are high and, for the most part, increasing. Promotion of proven prevention strategies, including helmet use, is indicated. However, enforcement of helmet laws is problematic, which may contribute to observed trends.

A Commented Synopsis of the Report of the Committee for the National Tire Efficiency Study4

2007 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-93
Author(s):  
Marion G. Pottinger ◽  
Joseph D. Walter ◽  
John D. Eagleburger
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Highway Traffic ◽  
National Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Scrap Tire ◽  
National Highway Traffic Safety ◽  
Fuel Savings ◽  
Time Required

Abstract The Congress of the United States petitioned the Transportation Research Board of the National Academy of Sciences to study replacement passenger car tire rolling resistance in 2005 with funding from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The study was initiated to assess the potential for reduction in replacement tire rolling resistance to yield fuel savings. The time required to realize these savings is less than the time required for automotive and light truck fleet replacement. Congress recognized that other factors besides fuel savings had to be considered if the committee’s advice was to be a reasonable guide for public policy. Therefore, the study simultaneously considered the effect of potential rolling resistance reductions in replacement tires on fuel consumption, wear life, scrap tire generation, traffic safety, and consumer spending for tires and fuel. This paper summarizes the committee’s report issued in 2006. The authors, who were members of the multidisciplinary committee, also provide comments regarding technical difficulties encountered in the committee’s work and ideas for alleviating these difficulties in further studies of this kind. The authors’ comments are clearly differentiated so that these comments will not be confused with findings, conclusions, and recommendations developed by the committee and contained in its final report.

Abstract 14682: Impact of Atrial Fibrillation in Aortic Stenosis Patients: Insights From the United States Readmissions Database

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shashank Shekhar ◽  
Anas M Saad ◽  
Toshiaki Isogai ◽  
Mohamed M Gad ◽  
Keerat Ahuja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
The United States ◽  
Large Scale Data ◽  
Classification Of Diseases

Introduction: Even though atrial fibrillation (AF) is present in >30% of patients with aortic stenosis (AS), it is not typically included in the decision-making algorithm for the timing or need for aortic valve replacement (AVR), either by transcatheter (TAVR) or surgical (SAVR) approaches. Large scale data on how AF affects outcomes of AS patients remain scarce. Methods: From the Nationwide Readmissions Database (NRD), we retrospectively identified AS patients aged ≥18years, with and without AF admitted between January and June in 2016 and 2017 (to allow for a six month follow up), using the International Classification of Diseases-10 th revision codes. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to examine the predictors of in-hospital mortality during index hospitalization. In-hospital complications and 6 month in-hospital mortality during any readmission after being discharged alive were compared in patients with and without AF, for patients undergoing TAVR, SAVR or no-AVR. Results: We identified 403,089 AS patients, of which 41% had AF. Patients with AF were older (median age in years: 83 vs. 79) and were more frequently females (52% vs. 48%; p<0.001). Table summarizes outcomes of AS patients with and without AF. TAVR in patients with AF was associated with higher in-hospital mortality and follow-up mortality as compared to patients without AF. Although AF did not influence in-hospital mortality in SAVR population, follow-up mortality was also significantly higher after SAVR in patients with AF compared to patients without AF. For patients not undergoing AVR, in-hospital and follow-up mortality were higher in AF population compared to no AF and was higher than patients undergoing AVR (Table). Conclusions: AF is associated with worse outcomes in patients with AS irrespective of treatment (TAVR, SAVR or no-AVR). More studies are needed to understand the implications of AF in AS population and whether earlier treatment of AS in patients with AF can improve outcomes.

The prevalence of localised scleroderma in childhood assessed in the administrative claims data from the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-78
Author(s):  
Timothy Beukelman ◽  
Fenglong Xie ◽  
Ivan Foeldvari
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Claims Data ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
The United States ◽  
Administrative Claims ◽  
Administrative Claims Data ◽  
Diagnosis Codes ◽  
Classification Of Diseases

Juvenile localised scleroderma is believed an orphan autoimmune disease, which occurs 10 times more often than systemic sclerosis in childhood and is believed to have a prevalence of 1 per 100,000 children. To gain data regarding the prevalence of juvenile localised scleroderma, we assessed the administrative claims data in the United States using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision diagnosis codes. We found an estimated prevalence in each year ranging from 3.2 to 3.6 per 10,000 children. This estimate is significantly higher as found in previous studies.

scholarly journals Trends in the Treatment of Dupuytren Disease in the United States Between 2007 and 2014

Hand ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc D. Lipman ◽  
Samuel Evan Carstensen ◽  
Dylan Nicole Deal
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
The United States ◽  
Classification Of Diseases ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Needle Aponeurotomy ◽  
Gender Change ◽  
Dupuytren Disease

Background: Dupuytren disease is a common fibroproliferative disorder. Multiple procedural treatment options are available, with Collagenase Clostridium Histolyticum (CCH) injection being introduced in 2010. The purpose of this study was to investigate trends in the treatment of Dupuytren disease in the United States between 2007 and 2014. Methods: The PearlDiver Humana database was queried using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) and Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes for patients with Dupuytren disease that received percutaneous needle aponeurotomy (PNA), fasciotomy, fasciectomy, and CCH injection. Patients were filtered by age, number of comorbidities, and gender. Change in composition of treatments over time was analyzed for each demographic group between 2007 and 2014. Results: Patients presenting to clinic for Dupuytren disease increased from 1118 to 3280, with unchanging treatment percentage of 41. Percent fasciotomies and fasciectomies decreased from 5% to 3% and 33% to 21%, while CCH injection increased to 11% by 2012 to 2014. Percent fasciotomies decreased ( P < .05) in younger healthier (age <65, 0-1 comorbidities) and older less healthy (age 65-74, 4+ comorbidities) populations. Percent fasciectomies decreased significantly in nearly all age and comorbidity groups, but by greater amounts in patients with 2+ comorbidities with increasing age. Percent CCH injections increased in all groups, at rates similar to the losses seen in open procedures. Conclusions: CCH injections have risen to substantial levels, with corresponding decreases in the percentage of patients receiving fasciotomies and fasciectomies. Patient age, comorbidities, and gender appear to have influence on the treatment chosen, likely due to their effects on surgical risk and the importance of timely return to activity.

Cervical Spine Tolerance to Catastrophic Injury in Rollover Crash Environments

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald S. Burke ◽  
Martha W. Bidez ◽  
Kathryn Mergl
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Passenger Vehicle ◽  
Highway Traffic ◽  
National Highway Traffic Safety ◽  
Catastrophic Injury ◽  
National Highway ◽  
Serious Injuries ◽  
Rollover Crash

According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) rollovers have a higher fatality rate than all other kinds of crash modes. Of the 6,159,287 police reported crashes in 2005 in the United States, only 4.1% involved a rollover. Yet, rollovers accounted for 34.4% (10,816) of all passenger vehicle fatalities and another 149,406 individuals sustained serious injuries in rollover crashes in 2005 [5].

Influence of Vehicle Restraint System Design on the Kinematics and Neck Forces of a Rear Seat Small Occupant

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald S. Burke ◽  
Martha W. Bidez ◽  
Kathryn M. Mergl
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Seat Belt ◽  
The United States ◽  
Rear Seat ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Highway Traffic ◽  
Motor Vehicle Collisions ◽  
National Highway Traffic Safety ◽  
Vehicle Collisions

In 2008, motor vehicle collisions resulted in 968 child occupant fatalities and 193,000 seriously injured children, ages 14 years old and younger, according to the most recent data provided by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) [1]. In fact, motor vehicle collisions are the leading cause of death for all children ages 3 to 14 years old living in the United States [1]. As children grow older they require size-appropriate restraint types to fit their body at each developmental level. For older children, booster seats are not a total solution for child safety as they are often dependent on the design of the vehicle seat belt system (2). Additionally, there is no federal standard that requires vehicle manufacturers to dynamically test the performance of child seats of any type in their vehicles.

United States Climate Change Law

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael B. Gerrard
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
United States ◽  
Endangered Species ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Climate Change Policy ◽  
Marine Species ◽  
The United States ◽  
Highway Traffic ◽  
National Highway Traffic Safety

This chapter presents an overview of climate change law in the United States, given the global impact of its domestic and international climate change policies. It traces the evolution of US climate change policy under different presidents, and discusses emerging programs under the Clean Air Act (CAA). Under the CAA, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issues emissions standards, and under the Energy Policy Conservation Act, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) issues Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards. The chapter also describes the protection of endangered species under the Endangered Species Act (ESA). The ESA directs the Fish and Wildlife Service to designate certain species as endangered or threatened; for marine species that task falls to the National Marine Fisheries Service.

Designing for Rollover Impacts With Narrow Objects

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian R. Herbst ◽  
Steven E. Meyer ◽  
Arin A. Oliver ◽  
Lauren D. Bell ◽  
Stephen M. Forrest
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
High Speed ◽  
The United States ◽  
Tilt Test ◽  
Highway Traffic ◽  
Test Device ◽  
National Highway Traffic Safety ◽  
Roof Structure ◽  
Occupant Injury ◽  
Roof Strength

While some debate has existed in the literature regarding the relationship between roof crush and occupant injury, the United States (U.S.) National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has identified an increased safety benefit in improving roof strength and has mandated new higher roof crush resistance requirements. Frequently, roof impacts occur in rollover crashes when a vehicle travels off the lanes of the roadway and impacts various types of narrow objects along the roadway edge such as light poles, utility poles and/or trees. A previously reported tilt-test device and methodology is presented along with a new pendulum-test device and methodology, both of which allow for dynamic, repeatable impact evaluation of vehicle roof structures with narrow objects. The data collected includes not only residual crush, but also dynamic vehicle instrumentation and high speed video analysis. Two series of full vehicle tests are reported which represent each of the methodologies. The testing conditions for each series was determined based upon analysis of a real-world narrow object rollover impact. Each testing series allows for analysis of the damage resulting from the narrow object impact to the roof structure for a production vehicle as well as one that has been structurally reinforced. Results demonstrate that the reinforced roof structure significantly reduced the roof deformation compared to that of the production roof structure. The input energy of each test and resulting damage patterns can be used as both a reconstruction tool and structural assessment test.

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