What Predicts Job Quality of Vocational Rehabilitation Consumers Who Are Blind or Have Low Vision?

2021 ◽  
pp. 003435522110600
Author(s):  
Michele C. McDonnall ◽  
Jennifer L. Cmar ◽  
Zhen McKnight
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Job Quality ◽  
State Agency ◽  
Competitive Employment ◽  
Individual Level

The Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act emphasizes promoting high-quality, competitive employment for people served by vocational rehabilitation (VR), but few studies have assessed VR consumers’ job quality. The purpose of this study was to investigate job quality and factors that predict the job quality of VR consumers with blindness or low vision (B/LV), taking into consideration their employment status at application. We utilized RSA-911 data of VR consumers with B/LV who were closed in competitive employment during 2015, creating two separate hierarchical linear models to predict job quality for VR consumers (a) who were employed at application and (b) who were not employed at application. We investigated individual-level (consumer personal characteristics and VR services) and state/agency-level predictors. Job quality and some predictors of job quality differed by employment status at application, although the strongest predictors (education level at application, gender, benefit receipt at application, receipt of a bachelor’s or higher degree) were consistent across the models. While several additional individual-level variables were significantly associated with job quality, their effect sizes were very small. With the exception of advancing education to a bachelor’s degree or higher while receiving services, consumer characteristics at application were the primary determinants of their job quality.

Employment Outcomes and Job Quality of Vocational Rehabilitation Consumers With Deaf-Blindness

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele C. McDonnall ◽  
Jennifer Cmar
Keyword(s):  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Employment Outcomes ◽  
Job Quality ◽  
Competitive Employment ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Related Services ◽  
Educational Advancement ◽  
Rehabilitation Services Administration ◽  
Counseling And Guidance

The purpose of this study was to investigate employment outcomes for vocational rehabilitation (VR) consumers with deaf-blindness, a population that has received no attention in the literature. The sample was obtained from Rehabilitation Services Administration Case Service Report (RSA-911) data and included 1,382 consumers with deaf-blindness identified as their primary or secondary disability whose cases were closed during fiscal years 2013, 2014, and 2015. Independent variables consisted of consumer personal characteristics and VR service-related variables. Two measures of employment outcomes were used: obtainment of competitive employment and a composite measure of job quality. Overall, the results indicate that several VR service-related factors are associated with whether deaf-blind consumers obtain competitive employment, but consumers’ personal characteristics are much more important in determining job quality. Implications for improving employment outcomes for consumers who are deaf-blind include providing job-related services, supporting educational advancement, and providing counseling and guidance. Results also support the importance of accounting for employment status at application in RSA-911 analyses and the efficacy of service provision by separate agencies for the blind.

University Graduates’ Employability, Employment Status, and Job Quality

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 132-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicente González-Romá ◽  
Juan Pablo Gamboa ◽  
José M. Peiró
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Job Quality ◽  
Hierarchical Level ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Career Identity ◽  
Human And Social Capital ◽  
The University

We investigated whether a set of indicators of the employability dimensions proposed by Fugate, Kinicki, and Asforth (i.e., career identity, personal adaptability, and human and social capital) are related to university graduates’ employment status and five indicators of the quality of their jobs (pay, hierarchical level, vertical and horizontal match, and job satisfaction). We analyzed a representative sample of university graduates ( N = 7,881) from the population of graduates who obtained their degree from the University of Valencia in the period 2006–2010. The results showed that indicators of human and social capital were related to employment status, whereas indicators of human and social capital and career identity were related to distinct job quality indicators. These results support the validity of the conceptual model proposed by Fugate et al. to investigate employability in samples of university graduates.

Transition to Employment for Students with Visual Impairments: Components for Success

2012 ◽  
Vol 106 (7) ◽  
pp. 389-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adele Crudden
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Career Planning ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Transition Services ◽  
State Agency ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Competitive Employment ◽  
Research Strategies ◽  
Transition To Work

Introduction The study presented here examined rehabilitation providers’ beliefs about services and service delivery strategies that are successful in facilitating the transition from school to competitive employment for youths who are blind or have low vision. Methods Five focus groups were conducted, two with rehabilitation state agency personnel and three with members of professional organizations at their annual conferences. A protocol with four queries about transition services generated data for a content analysis by a team of three researchers. Results The participants identified transition services before age 16, communication among service providers and families, assessment, and the development of specific skills as important factors in facilitating the transition to competitive employment. Parental involvement was also identified as a positive factor in the transition and career planning. Discussion Transition services are not routinely provided before age 16, thus hindering the development of skills and careers. Improved communication among service providers and parents can promote advocacy and the successful transition to work. The qualitative research strategies used in the study did not generate results that can be generalized to other populations or settings or that can be used to evaluate outcomes. The results can be assessed for transferability and to understand the transition process. Implications for practitioners Requiring specific documentation of collaboration between parents and service providers may increase communication among the stakeholders. Increased communication may lead to students’ participation in transition-to-work activities at an earlier age, thus promoting successful transitions.

Children’s Height and Parental Unemployment: A Large-Scale Anthropometric Study on Eastern Germany, 1994–2006

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Baten ◽  
Andreas Böhm
Keyword(s):  
Employment Status ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Psychological Effects ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Panel Analysis ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Parental Unemployment ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Anthropometric Study

Abstract The average height of children is an indicator of the quality of nutrition and healthcare. In this study, we assess the effect of unemployment and other factors on this variable. In the Eastern German Land of Brandenburg, a dataset of 253,050 preschool height measurements was compiled and complemented with information on parents’ schooling and employment status. Unemployment might have negative psychological effects, with an impact on parental care. Both a panel analysis of districts and an assessment at the individual level yield the result that increasing unemployment, net out-migration and fertility were in fact reducing height.

Employment Status and Quality of Life of Graduates of a State Residential School

1993 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 229-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.V. DeLaGarza ◽  
J.N. Erin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Life Style ◽  
Employment Status ◽  
Visually Impaired ◽  
Community Integration ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Residential School ◽  
Gainful Employment ◽  
Blind And Visually Impaired

This study examined characteristics related to employment, life-style, and quality of life of 70 graduates of the Texas School for the Blind and Visually Impaired. Although two-thirds of the graduates surveyed were unemployed, high levels of satisfaction, independence, and community integration were reported. Bringing forth issues related to the risk of unemployment for this group reveals the need for further research in effective programming and personal characteristics, which result in gainful employment for persons with visual impairment.

scholarly journals System models for resilience in gerontology: application to the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Klasa ◽  
Stephanie Galaitsi ◽  
Andrew Wister ◽  
Igor Linkov
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
System Level ◽  
Improve Quality ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Chronic Stressors ◽  
The World ◽  
Aging Adults ◽  
The Individual

AbstractThe care needs for aging adults are increasing burdens on health systems around the world. Efforts minimizing risk to improve quality of life and aging have proven moderately successful, but acute shocks and chronic stressors to an individual’s systemic physical and cognitive functions may accelerate their inevitable degradations. A framework for resilience to the challenges associated with aging is required to complement on-going risk reduction policies, programs and interventions. Studies measuring resilience among the elderly at the individual level have not produced a standard methodology. Moreover, resilience measurements need to incorporate external structural and system-level factors that determine the resources that adults can access while recovering from aging-related adversities. We use the National Academies of Science conceptualization of resilience for natural disasters to frame resilience for aging adults. This enables development of a generalized theory of resilience for different individual and structural contexts and populations, including a specific application to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Physical Context of Child Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Gary W. Evans
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Structural Quality ◽  
Physical Context ◽  
Physical Setting ◽  
Physical Features

Child development reflects interactions between personal characteristics and the physical and social environment. Psychology, however, lacks analysis of physical features that influence child development. In this article, I describe a preliminary taxonomy of physical-setting characteristics that can influence child development, focusing on environmental stressors such as noise, crowding, and chaos along with structural quality of housing, day care, and schools. Adverse outcomes associated with suboptimal physical settings during childhood include cognitive and socioemotional difficulties along with chronic physiological stress. Both direct effects on the child as well as indirect effects occurring via significant persons surrounding the child are described. Methodological limitations, particularly reliance on observational studies, are a weakness in the current literature, but increasingly more rigorously obtained findings yield converging evidence of the effects of physical settings on child development.

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