Evaluating Hydrogen Peroxide Bleaching with Cationic Bleach Activators in a Cold Pad-Batch Process

2004 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 970-976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nevin Çiğdem Gürsoy ◽  
Sang-Hoon Lim ◽  
David Hinks ◽  
Peter Hauser
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Batch Process ◽  
Peroxide Bleaching ◽  
Bleach Activators

The role of copper ions in hydrogen peroxide bleaching: Their origin, removal, and effect on pulp quality

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
PEDRO E.G. LOUREIRO ◽  
SANDRINE DUARTE ◽  
DMITRY V. EVTUGUIN ◽  
M. GRAÇA V.S. CARVALHO
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Copper Ions ◽  
Peroxide Bleaching ◽  
Metals Removal ◽  
Peroxide Decomposition ◽  
Equipment Corrosion ◽  
And Performance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Main Effects

This study puts particular emphasis on the role of copper ions in the performance of hydrogen peroxide bleaching (P-stage). Owing to their variable levels across the bleaching line due to washing filtrates, bleaching reagents, and equipment corrosion, these ions can play a major role in hydrogen peroxide decomposition and be detrimental to polysaccharide integrity. In this study, a Cu-contaminated D0(EOP)D1 prebleached pulp was subjected to an acidic washing (A-stage) or chelation (Q-stage) before the alkaline P-stage. The objective was to understand the isolated and combined role of copper ions in peroxide bleaching performance. By applying an experimental design, it was possible to identify the main effects of the pretreatment variables on the extent of metals removal and performance of the P-stage. The acid treatment was unsuccessful in terms of complete copper removal, magnesium preservation, and control of hydrogen peroxide consumption in the following P-stage. Increasing reaction temperature and time of the acidic A-stage improved the brightness stability of the D0(EOP)D1AP bleached pulp. The optimum conditions for chelation pretreatment to maximize the brightness gains obtained in the subsequent P-stage with the lowest peroxide consumption were 0.4% diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), 80ºC, and 4.5 pH.

Reactions in Activated Peroxide Systems and their Influences on Bleaching Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoyan Wang ◽  
Jinmei Du ◽  
Changhai Xu
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Side Reactions ◽  
Competitive Reactions ◽  
High Energy Efficiency ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Bleach Activators

Abstract:: Activated peroxide systems are formed by adding so-called bleach activators to aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide, developed in the seventies of the last century for use in domestic laundry for their high energy efficiency and introduced at the beginning of the 21st century to the textile industry as an approach toward overcoming the extensive energy consumption in bleaching. In activated peroxide systems, bleach activators undergo perhydrolysis to generate more kinetically active peracids that enable bleaching under milder conditions while hydrolysis of bleach activators and decomposition of peracids may occur as side reactions to weaken the bleaching efficiency. This mini-review aims to summarize these competitive reactions in activated peroxide systems and their influence on bleaching performance.

The Effect of Microwave Treatment on the Hydrogen Peroxide Bleaching of Soda-AQ Wheat Straw Pulp

2011 ◽  
Vol 236-238 ◽  
pp. 1307-1312
Author(s):  
Chao Jun Wu ◽  
Chuan Shan Zhao ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Ke FU Chen
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Fiber Length ◽  
Weighted Average ◽  
Microwave Treatment ◽  
Arithmetic Average ◽  
Peroxide Bleaching ◽  
Bleached Pulp ◽  
Infra Red ◽  
Wheat Straw Pulp

In this paper, the effect of microwave treatment on the hydrogen peroxide bleaching of Soda-AQ wheat-straw pulp was investigated. The results showed that microwave treatment could increase the brightness of the hydrogen peroxide bleached pulp. The fiber coarseness of microwave enhancing peroxide bleached pulp was higher than that of the peroxide bleached pulp. However, the arithmetic average fiber length, the length weighted average fiber length and weight weighted average fiber length of the former was lower than that of the latter. Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra showed that CrI(%) crystallinity of microwave enhancing peroxide bleached pulp was similar as that of the peroxide bleached pulp but all higher than that of the Soda-AQ wheat-straw pulp. N·O′KI infra-red crystalline index of microwave enhancing peroxide bleached pulp were lower than that of the peroxide bleached pulp. The FTIR spectra of lignin showed that the microwave treatment had some influences on the methoxyl and phenolic group in lignin.

Influence of Hydrogen Peroxide Bleaching Gels on Color, Opacity, and Fluorescence of Composite Resins

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 526-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
CRG Torres ◽  
CF Ribeiro ◽  
E Bresciani ◽  
AB Borges
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peroxide Bleaching ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Bleaching Gels ◽  
Bleaching Treatment

SUMMARY The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of 20% and 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching gels on the color, opacity, and fluorescence of composite resins. Seven composite resin brands were tested and 30 specimens, 3-mm in diameter and 2-mm thick, of each material were fabricated, for a total of 210 specimens. The specimens of each tested material were divided into three subgroups (n=10) according to the bleaching therapy tested: 20% hydrogen peroxide gel, 35% hydroxide peroxide gel, and the control group. The baseline color, opacity, and fluorescence were assessed by spectrophotometry. Four 30-minute bleaching gel applications, two hours in total, were performed. The control group did not receive bleaching treatment and was stored in deionized water. Final assessments were performed, and data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and Tukey tests (p<0.05). Color changes were significant for different tested bleaching therapies (p<0.0001), with the greatest color change observed for 35% hydrogen peroxide gel. No difference in opacity was detected for all analyzed parameters. Fluorescence changes were influenced by composite resin brand (p<0.0001) and bleaching therapy (p=0.0016) used. No significant differences in fluorescence between different bleaching gel concentrations were detected by Tukey test. The greatest fluorescence alteration was detected on the brand Z350. It was concluded that 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching gel generated the greatest color change among all evaluated materials. No statistical opacity changes were detected for all tested variables, and significant fluorescence changes were dependent on the material and bleaching therapy, regardless of the gel concentration.

Hydrogen peroxide bleaching of Arundo donax L. kraft-anthraquinone pulp—Effect of a chelating stage

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Abrantes ◽  
Emília Amaral ◽  
Ana Paula Costa ◽  
Anatoly A. Shatalov ◽  
Ana Paula Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Arundo Donax ◽  
Peroxide Bleaching ◽  
Arundo Donax L

Hydrogen Peroxide Bleaching of Amaranth Catalysed by Nickel(II) Nitrilotriacetic Acid

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 340-341
Author(s):  
Paul M. Paradis
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Nitrilotriacetic Acid ◽  
Peroxide Bleaching

The complex of NiII with nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) (but not other aminocarboxylate complexes) autocatalyses the hydrogen peroxide bleaching of amaranth, although the reaction is inhibited by the absence of light or presence of alcohol, suggesting a radical-based mechanism.

scholarly journals A comparative analysis of in-office vital 6% hydrogen peroxide activated charcoal tooth whitening treatment enhanced with an 810nm diode laser, compared to 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-71
Author(s):  
Shabeer I Hassim ◽  
Tufayl A Muslim
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Absorption Enhancement ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Peroxide Bleaching ◽  
Bleaching Procedure

Laser dental bleaching is considered to be a contemporary approach to enhancing the in-office power bleaching procedure. Objective Investigate if laser enhanced 6% Hydrogen Peroxide (HP) solution is equivalent to 35% HP solution over a two-visit power bleaching treatment protocol. In a randomised double-blinded clinical trial, 43 patients were assigned to a group that received either the laser-enhanced 6% Hydrogen Peroxide (n=21) treatment, or the standard 35% Hydrogen Peroxide (n=22) treatment, over two visits, with a one-week interval. Activated charcoal HP paste was prepared for both groups. The laser enhanced 6% HP group received a dosage of 90 J/cm² per bleaching cycle using 810nm diode laser. Tooth colour was measured at the beginning and end of each session registering parameters L*, a* and b*, and tooth sensitivity. The calculated difference between these Parameters, ∆E, was the primary data focus. The mean ∆E over the treatment duration was used to answer the research question by a t-test to evaluate group differences at 5% significance level. The analysis revealed that the null hypothesis could not be rejected and the results were inconclusive. The observations expound the idea of an absorption enhancement mechanism, rather than a free radical activation, as the technique for improving bleaching outcomes.

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