Physicochemical and sorption characteristics of poplar seed fiber as a natural oil sorbent

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (19-20) ◽  
pp. 4186-4194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanfang Xu ◽  
Qincheng Su ◽  
Hua Shen ◽  
Guangbiao Xu
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Packing Density ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Motor Oil ◽  
Fiber Assembly ◽  
Oil Sorption ◽  
Oil Sorbent ◽  
Sorption Characteristics

Oil spills have become a global concern due to their environmental and economic impact. Various methods, including the use of fibers as sorbents, have been developed for oil spill concern. Poplar seed fiber is a plant biomass that has the potential of being used as low-cost sorbent. In this study, the physicochemical and sorption characteristics of poplar seed fiber as an oil sorbent was evaluated. Fourier transform infrared and scanning electron microscopy analyses showed that poplar seed fiber was a lignocellulosic material with smooth surface and hollow lumen. Oil sorption tests showed that loose poplar seed fibers could absorb 53.74 g/g of diesel oil, 65.85 g/g of motor oil and 67.97 g/g of vegetable oil, which were higher than that of kapok and cotton fiber. The availability of void fraction inside the fiber assembly coupled with hollow fiber structure and hydrophobicity/oleophilicity of poplar seed fiber were the main contributing factors. Moreover, the oil sorption kinetics of poplar seed fiber, including the effect of packing density of fiber assembly, oil types on sorption capacity and rate, was analyzed by a wicking method. Results illustrated that the oil sorption capacity was closely related to the packing density of fiber assembly, with an apparent decrease when the packing density changed from 0.05 g/cm3 to 0.09 g/cm3. For sorption rate, the highest oil sorption coefficients were observed for diesel oil, of 0.36 g2/s, 0.32 g2/s and 0.30 g2/s at the packing densities of 0.05 g/cm3, 0.07 g/cm3 and 0.09 g/cm3, respectively, which were about 10 times higher than that of vegetable oil and 70 times higher than that of motor oil.

scholarly journals Sorption of Hydrocarbons on Peat, and Possibilities for Using Peat-Based Oil Sorbent for Treatment of Polluted Areas

2017 ◽  
pp. 1032-1045
Author(s):  
Dmitry Porshnov ◽  
Maris Klavins
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Oil Sorption ◽  
High Moor ◽  
Oil Sorbent ◽  
Water Sorption Capacity ◽  
Sorption Characteristics ◽  
High Moor Peat

The growing use and transport of crude oil and oil products has led to an increasing amount of spillages of various scales. In the event of an oil spill, it is important to stop the spill from spreading and to clean up the polluted environment. One of the possible ways of treating the polluted areas is the use of oil sorbents. The sorbents used for collecting oil in case of oil spills are mostly synthetic, which limits the possibilities of their disposal. The aim of our study is to investigate the possible use of peat and its modification products for oil and other hydrocarbon sorption. Peat is a prospective material for oil sorption because it has such advantages as low cost, biodegradability and relatively high parameters of specific surface area and porosity. At the same time, peat also has disadvantages, such as poor buoyancy characteristics, relatively low oil sorption capacity and low hydrophobicity. We have studied the sorption characteristics of native high-moor peat with different botanical compositions and levels of decomposition, as well as the effect of thermal treatment on the oil sorption capacity, buoyancy and water sorption capacity of peat in comparison with the effect achieved by means of two other methods of chemical modification: silylation and methylation. We have determined the optimal conditions for thermal modification of peat to have an effect on hydrocarbon sorption characteristics. Using the method of IR spectroscopy, we have investigated specific structural changes in peat, which resulted in the improvement of its sorptive characteristics.

scholarly journals MODELLING AND OPTIMIZING THE APPLICATION OF WASTE TYRE POWDER (WTP) AS OIL SORBENT, USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY (RSM)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
A. O. Odeh ◽  
L. A. Okpaire
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Automobile Industry ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Quadratic Model ◽  
Oil Sorption ◽  
Oil Sorbent ◽  
Waste Tyre

The rapid growth of the automobile industry has led to the abundance and indiscriminate disposal of waste tyres which causes environmental pollution and also lead to serious health problems. The absorption of crude oil using waste tyre powder (WTP) was investigated. A three variable Box-Behnken design was used to study the effect of particle size, contact time and temperature on the oil sorption capacity of WTP. Optimization was carried out using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). A quadratic model was obtained to predict the oil sorption capacity of WTP as a function of particle size, contact time and temperature. The optimum conditions of the sorption process obtained from RSM gave a temperature of 30.19oC, contact time 59.04 mins and particle size 0.15mm. A maximum oil sorption capacity of 4.71 g/g was obtained at these optimized conditions. Also, a comparison between the oil sorption efficiency of fresh tyre powder and regenerated tyre powder subjected to the same conditions of particle size, contact time and temperature were carried out. It was shown that the oil sorption capacity of the fresh tyre powder was higher than that of regenerated tyre powder.

Effect of Grinding and Extraction of Lignocellulosic Fiber on Oil Sorption

2007 ◽  
Vol 544-545 ◽  
pp. 553-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beom Goo Lee ◽  
Hyun Jong Lee ◽  
Dae Yong Shin ◽  
Yeon Ho Jeong ◽  
Jin Chen Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Water Bath ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Oil Sorption ◽  
Lignocellulosic Fiber ◽  
Mesh Screen ◽  
Ether Extraction ◽  
Most Significant Change

Cotton, a lignocellulosic fiber and environment friendly natural material, was tested for its ability to sorb diesel oil from the pure diesel oil bath and the diesel oil containing water bath. The fiber was ground to disrupt the lumen structure or extracted with diethyl ether to remove wax from cotton. Diethyl ether is an organic solvent and extracts only extractives in the cell wall. Oil sorption capacity was the highest in control as 30.6 g/g in the pure diesel oil bath, and the lowest in ground cotton as 0.8 g/g in the diesel oil containing water bath. Cotton is mainly composed of hydrophilic components and sorb water more easily than oil. As a result diesel oil sorption capacity was much higher in the oil bath than in the water bath. However, after grinding and passing through 20 mesh screen (0.86 cm), wax is preserved but the lumen structure of cotton, of which the fiber length is about 18 mm, is disrupted by grinding and can not hold oil. Therefore, the diesel oil sorption capacity of cotton was decreased significantly to 5.2 g/g in the pure diesel oil bath, and to 0.8 g/g in the water bath, compared to those of control. And because wax is removed but lumen structure is not destroyed after diethyl ether extraction, the diesel oil sorption capacity decreased slightly to 27.7 g/g in the oil bath and to 7.5 g/g in the water. When cotton was presoaked in water, cotton sank during the presoaking process, and so the oil sorption capacity could not be determined. Grinding, extractingand presoaking all contributed to the changes in oil sorption capacity. The most significant change is attributed to the reduction in the particle size of cotton.

Investigations on oil sorption capacity of nettle fibrous assembly and 100% nettle and nettle/kapok blended needle-punched nonwovens

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Thilagavathi ◽  
C Praba Karan
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Water Sorption ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
High Density ◽  
Hydrophobic Property ◽  
Oil Sorption ◽  
Kapok Fibers ◽  
Reduced Water

The oil sorption capacity of nettle fibrous assembly and needle-punched nonwoven structures of 100% nettle and nettle/kapok blends 50/50 and 75/25 were investigated. The porosity of nettle fibrous assembly was varied from 91 to 99% and a maximum oil sorption capacity was 56 g/g and 23.90 g/g for high-density oil and diesel oil, respectively. Porosity of fibrous assembly significantly influenced the oil sorption capacity. It has been observed that an increase in the proportion of kapok fibers in the nettle/kapok blended nonwoven structure increased the oil sorption capacity and reduced water sorption than that of 100% nettle nonwoven. This is because of the inherent hydrophobic property of kapok. However, 100% kapok could not be made into needle-punched nonwoven and hence it has been blended with nettle; 50/50 nettle/kapok blended structure showed maximum oil sorption capacity of 28.5 g/g and 22.5 g/g for high-density oil and diesel oil, respectively, which is higher oil sorption capacity than the commercial polypropylene-based nonwoven. The presence of kapok improved the sorption capacity by 13 to 18% when compared to 100% nettle nonwoven.

scholarly journals Comparison of Oil Sorption Capacity and Biodegradability of PP, PP/kapok(10/90wt%) Blend and Commercial(T2COM) Oil Sorbent Pads

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Hee Lee ◽  
Eun-Jin Lee ◽  
Gap-Shik Chang ◽  
Dong-Jin Lee ◽  
Young-Jin Jung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Oil Sorption ◽  
Oil Sorbent

Oil Removal Using Diethyl Ether Extracted and Ground Kenaf Core

2008 ◽  
Vol 569 ◽  
pp. 229-232
Author(s):  
Beom Goo Lee ◽  
Hyun Jong Lee ◽  
Dae Yong Shin ◽  
Yeon Ho Jeong ◽  
Cheng Wu Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Diethyl Ether ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Diesel Oil ◽  
Water Bath ◽  
Oil Sorption ◽  
Kenaf Core ◽  
Mesh Screen ◽  
Ether Extraction ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Kenaf core was tested for its ability to sorb diesel oil from the pure diesel oil bath and the diesel oil containing water bath after extracting with diethyl ether to remove wax from fiber surface, grinding to disrupt lumen structure and presoaking in water. Oil sorption capacity was the highest as 8.0 g/g in diethyl ether extracted fiber in oil bath, and the lowest as 1.3 g/g in water soaked kenaf core in water bath. Diesel oil sorption capacity was much higher in oil bath than in water bath. In diethyl ether extraction the diesel oil sorption capacity was not changed much in kenaf core, compared to that of control. Also, even after grinding and passing through 20 mesh screen (0.86mm) the diesel oil sorption capacity was almost same. When kenaf core was presoaked in water the oil sorption capacity was decreased to about half of control as 1.3g/g in water bath. Grinding, extracting and water presoaking all contributed to the changes in oil sorption capacity. The results show that if in lignocelluloscic fiber like kenaf core the fiber structure is not disrupted during processing and the intact lumen structure can be kept, the oil sorption capacity may not be affected much by physical and chemical changes.

Природные материалы для сорбционной очистки хром- и кадмийсодержащих инфильтратов полигонов ТБО

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
A. Safonov ◽  
N. Andriushchenko ◽  
N. Popova ◽  
K. Boldyrev
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Bacterial Cells ◽  
Maximum Sorption Capacity ◽  
Sorption Material ◽  
Maximum Sorption ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Solid Waste Landfills ◽  
Sorption Characteristics

Проведен анализ сорбционных характеристик природных материалов (вермикулит, керамзит, перлит, цеолит Трейд ) при очистке кадмий- и хромсодержащих сточных вод с высокой нагрузкой по ХПК. Установлено, что цеолит обладает максимальными сорбционными характеристиками для Cd и Cr и наименьшим биологическим обрастанием. При использовании вермикулита и керамзита или смесей на их основе можно ожидать увеличения сорбционной емкости для Cd и Сr при микробном обрастании, неизбежно происходящем в условиях контакта с водами, загрязненными органическими соединениями и биогенами. При этом биообрастание может повысить иммобилизационную способность материалов для редоксзависимых металлов за счет ферментативных ресурсов бактериальных клеток, использующих их в качестве акцепторов электронов. Эффект микробного обрастания разнонаправленно изменял параметры материалов: для Cr в большинстве случаев уменьшение и для Cd значительное увеличение. При этом дополнительным эффектом иммобилизации Cr является его биологическое восстановление биопленками. Варьируя состав сорбционного материала, можно подбирать смеси, оптимально подходящие для очистки вод инфильтратов с полигонов твердых бытовых отходов с высокой нагрузкой по ХПК и биогенным элементам как при использовании in situ, так и в системах на поверхности.The analysis of the sorption characteristics of natural materials (vermiculite, expanded clay, perlite, Trade zeolite) during the purification of cadmium and chromium-containing leachate with a high COD load was carried out. It was determined that zeolite had the maximum sorption capacity for Cd and Cr and the lowest biological fouling. When using vermiculite and expanded clay or mixtures on their basis, one can expect an increase in the sorption capacity for Cd and Cr during microbial fouling that inevitably occurs during contacting with water polluted with organic compounds and nutrients. In this case biofouling can increase the immobilization properties of materials for redox-dependent metals due to the enzymatic resources of bacterial cells that use them as electron acceptors. The effect of microbial fouling changed the parameters of materials in different directions: for Cr, in most cases, downward, and for Cd, significantly upward. Moreover, chromium biological recovery by biofilms is an additional effect of immobilization. Varying the composition of the sorption material provides for selecting mixtures that are optimally suitable for the purification of leachates from solid waste landfills with high COD and nutrients load, both when used in situ and in surface systems.

Effects of the pyrolysis process on the oil sorption capacity of rice husk

2012 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 166-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Uzunov ◽  
S. Uzunova ◽  
D. Angelova ◽  
A. Gigova
Keyword(s):  
Sorption Capacity ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Pyrolysis Process ◽  
Oil Sorption

Utilization of recycled polyester nonwovens as sorbent for oil spill cleanups

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Viju Subramoniapillai ◽  
G. Thilagavathi
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Nonwoven Fabric ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Oil Sorption ◽  
Nonwoven Fabrics ◽  
Oil Retention ◽  
Static Contact ◽  
Polyester Fibers

Purpose The most widely recycled plastic in the world is recycled polyethylene terephthalate (rPET). To minimize the environmental related issues associated with synthetic fibers, several researchers have explored the potential use of recycled polyester fibers in developing various technical textile products. This study aims to develop needle-punched nonwoven fabrics from recycled polyester fibers and investigate its suitability in oil spill cleanup process. Design/methodology/approach According to Box and Behnken factorial design, 15 different needle-punched nonwoven fabrics from recycled polyester fibers were prepared by changing the parameters, namely, needle punch density, needle penetration depth and fabric areal weight. Several featured parameters such as oil sorption, oil retention, oil sorption kinetics, wettability and reusability performance were systematically elucidated. Findings The maximum oil sorption of recycled nonwoven polyester is found to be 24.85 g/g and 20.58 g/g for crude oil and vegetable oil, respectively. The oil retention is about 93%–96% in case of crude oil, whereas 87%–91% in case of vegetable oil. Recycled polyester nonwoven possesses good hydrophobic–oleophilic properties with static contact angle of 138° against water, whereas 0° against crude oil and vegetable oil. The reusability test results indicate that recycled polyester nonwoven fabric can be used several times because of its reusability features. Originality/value There is no detailed study on the oil sorption features of needle-punched nonwoven fabrics developed from recycled polyester fibers. This study is expected to help in developing fabrics for oil spill cleanups.

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