scholarly journals The effect of bending on laser-cut electro-textile inductors and capacitors attached on denim as wearable structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 90 (21-22) ◽  
pp. 2355-2366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Escobedo ◽  
Jaime de Pablos-Florido ◽  
Miguel A Carvajal ◽  
Antonio Martínez-Olmos ◽  
Luis F Capitán-Vallvey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humidity Sensor ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Near Field Communication ◽  
Additional Advantage ◽  
Capacitance Variation ◽  
Planar Coil ◽  
Relative Humidity Range ◽  
Denim Fabric

In this paper we present the design, fabrication and characterization of electro-textile inductor and capacitor patterns on denim fabric as a basis for the development of wearable e-textiles. Planar coil inductors have been harnessed as antenna structures for the development of near field communication tags with temperature sensing capability, while interdigitated electrode capacitors have been used as humidity sensors for wearable applications. The effect of bending in the electrical performance of such structures was evaluated, showing variations below 5% in both inductance and capacitance values for bending angles in the range of interest; that is, those fitting to human limbs. In the case of the fabricated near field communication tags, a shift in the resonance frequency below 1.7% was found, meaning that the e-textile tag would still be readable by a near field communication-enabled smartphone. In respect of the capacitive humidity sensor, we obtained a minimum capacitance variation of 40% for a relative humidity range from 10% to 90%. Measured thermal shift was below 5% in the range from 10 to 40℃. When compared with the 4% variation due to bending, it can be concluded that this capacitive structure can be harnessed as a humidity sensor even under bending strain conditions and moderate temperature variations. The development and characterization of such structures on denim fabrics, which is one of the most popular fabrics for everyday clothing, combined with the additional advantage of affordable and easy fabrication methodologies, means a further step towards the next generation of smart e-textile products.

scholarly journals Ultra-Thin Sensor Systems Integrating Silicon Chips with On-Foil Passive and Active Components

Proceedings ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (13) ◽  
pp. 748
Author(s):  
Mourad Elsobky ◽  
Golzar Alavi ◽  
Björn Albrecht ◽  
Thomas Deuble ◽  
Christine Harendt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humidity Sensor ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Organic Thin Film Transistors ◽  
Near Field Communication ◽  
Organic Thin Film ◽  
Electronic Components ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Silicon Chips ◽  
Fabrication And Characterization

Hybrid System-in-Foil exploits the complementary benefits of integrating embedded silicon chips with on-foil passive and active electronic components. In this work, the design, fabrication and characterization of three on-foil components, namely a humidity sensor, near field communication antenna and organic thin-film transistors, are investigated.

RFID, NFC, Beacons, and the Infrastructures of Logistical Locative Media

2020 ◽  
pp. 474-486
Author(s):  
Jordan Frith
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Near Field Communication ◽  
Rfid Tags ◽  
Bluetooth Low Energy ◽  
Locative Media ◽  
Frequency Identification ◽  
Machine Readable

The phrase the Internet of things was originally coined in a 1999 presentation about attaching radio frequency identification (RFID) tags to individual objects. These tags would make the objects machine-readable, uniquely identifiable, and, most importantly, wirelessly communicative with infrastructure. This chapter evaluates RFID as a piece of mobile communicative infrastructure, and it examines two emerging forms: near-field communication (NFC) and Bluetooth low-energy beacons. The chapter shows how NFC and Bluetooth low-energy beacons may soon move some types of RFID to smartphones, in this way evolving the use of RFID in payment and transportation and enabling new practices of post-purchasing behaviors.

scholarly journals Novel System for Bite-Force Sensing and Monitoring Based on Magnetic Near Field Communication

Sensors ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 11544-11558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andres Diaz Lantada ◽  
Carlos González Bris ◽  
Pilar Lafont Morgado ◽  
Jesús Sanz Maudes
Keyword(s):  
Near Field ◽  
Bite Force ◽  
Force Sensing ◽  
Near Field Communication

scholarly journals Design of Multi Standard Near Field Communication Outphasing Transmitter with Modulation Wave Shaping

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 188
Author(s):  
Žiga Korošak ◽  
Nejc Suhadolnik ◽  
Anton Pleteršek
Keyword(s):  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
Near Field Communication ◽  
Differential Delay ◽  
Fully Differential ◽  
Delay Locked Loop ◽  
Modulation Wave ◽  
The Individual

The aim of this work is to tackle the problem of modulation wave shaping in the field of near field communication (NFC) radio frequency identification (RFID). For this purpose, a high-efficiency transmitter circuit was developed to comply with the strict requirements of the newest EMVCo and NFC Forum specifications for pulse shapes. The proposed circuit uses an outphasing modulator that is based on a digital-to-time converter (DTC). The DTC based outphasing modulator supports amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation, operates at four times the 13.56 MHz carrier frequency and is made fully differential in order to remove the parasitic phase modulation components. The accompanying transmitter logic includes lookup tables with programmable modulation pulse wave shapes. The modulator solution uses a 64-cell tapped current controlled fully differential delay locked loop (DLL), which produces a 360° delay at 54.24 MHz, and a glitch-free multiplexor to select the individual taps. The outphased output from the modulator is mixed to create an RF pulse width modulated (PWM) output, which drives the antenna. Additionally, this implementation is fully compatible with D-class amplifiers enabling high efficiency. A test circuit of the proposed differential multi-standard reader’s transmitter was simulated in 40 nm CMOS technology. Stricter pulse shape requirements were easily satisfied, while achieving an output linearity of 0.2 bits and maximum power consumption under 7.5 mW.

scholarly journals A Full-Range Flexible and Printed Humidity Sensor Based on a Solution-Processed P(VDF-TrFE)/Graphene-Flower Composite

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1915
Author(s):  
Shenawar Ali Khan ◽  
Muhammad Saqib ◽  
Muhammad Muqeet Rehman ◽  
Hafiz Mohammad Mutee Ur Rehman ◽  
Sheik Abdur Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Active Layer ◽  
Humidity Sensor ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Full Range ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
Relative Humidity Range ◽  
Response And Recovery ◽  
Proportional Relationship

A novel composite based on a polymer (P(VDF-TrFE)) and a two-dimensional material (graphene flower) was proposed as the active layer of an interdigitated electrode (IDEs) based humidity sensor. Silver (Ag) IDEs were screen printed on a flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrate followed by spin coating the active layer of P(VDF-TrFE)/graphene flower on its surface. It was observed that this sensor responds to a wide relative humidity range (RH%) of 8–98% with a fast response and recovery time of 0.8 s and 2.5 s for the capacitance, respectively. The fabricated sensor displayed an inversely proportional response between capacitance and RH%, while a directly proportional relationship was observed between its impedance and RH%. P(VDF-TrFE)/graphene flower-based flexible humidity sensor exhibited high sensitivity with an average change of capacitance as 0.0558 pF/RH%. Stability of obtained results was monitored for two weeks without any considerable change in the original values, signifying its high reliability. Various chemical, morphological, and electrical characterizations were performed to comprehensively study the humidity-sensing behavior of this advanced composite. The fabricated sensor was successfully used for the applications of health monitoring and measuring the water content in the environment.

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