Trust and Communication With a Caregiver Reduces Behavior Problems and Protects Against Stress Among Urban Adolescents

2020 ◽  
pp. 0044118X2094758
Author(s):  
Bridget Murphy ◽  
Marilyn Franklin ◽  
Yi Tak Tsang ◽  
Kelsey Sala-Hamrick ◽  
Mareena Atalla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Interpersonal Relationship ◽  
Traumatic Life Events ◽  
Urban Minority ◽  
Parent Trust ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

Youth, particularly urban minority youth, are exposed to high levels of stressful and potentially traumatic life events that have been linked to a wide array of negative outcomes including internalizing and externalizing problems. Youth perceptions of their interpersonal relationship quality with caregivers and friends were examined as potential promotive and protective factors counteracting the link between exposure to stressful and traumatic events and behavior problems. Participants were 85 urban, predominantly African American of age 13–17 years (60% girls). Results supported the hypothesis that youth report of parent trust and communication would serve as a promotive and protective factor, moderating the association between stressful life events and behavior problems. In contrast, peer trust and communication did not appear to counteract the association between stress and behavior problems. Instead, reports of trust and communication with friends appeared to increase the association between stress exposure and internalizing problems.

Early Childhood Temperament and the Covariation Between Internalizing and Externalizing Behavior in School-Aged Children

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soo Hyun Rhee ◽  
Victoria E. Cosgrove ◽  
Stephanie Schmitz ◽  
Brett C. Haberstick ◽  
Robin C. Corley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Externalizing Behavior ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Environmental Influences ◽  
Internalizing Behavior ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Measurement Variance ◽  
Longitudinal Twin Study ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

AbstractThere is significant covariation between internalizing and externalizing behavior, although there is also evidence that internalizing behavior is a protective factor against externalizing behavior. Several researchers have posited that the examination of the relationship between temperament or personality and behavior problems may help explain these seemingly contradictory results. Specifically, negative emotionality or neuroticism has been cited as a temperament characteristic that internalizing and externalizing behavior share in common, whereas behavioral inhibition may be related only to internalizing behavior. We examined the degree to which the covariation between internalizing and externalizing behavior assessed from age 4 to 12 years can be explained by temperament characteristics assessed from age 14 to 36 months. Additionally, we assessed the extent to which this relationship is due to genetic or environmental factors, analyzing data from 225 monozygotic and 185 dizygotic twin pairs assessed by the Colorado Longitudinal Twin Study. In males, a portion of the covariation between internalizing and externalizing behavior was explained by shared environmental influences in common with emotionality and shared environmental influences in common with shyness. In females, most of the covariation between internalizing and externalizing behavior was explained by shared environmental influences in common with emotionality. A possible limitation of this study is that the covariation between temperament and behavior problems may be due to shared measurement variance, as parent ratings were used to assess both temperament and behavior problems.

scholarly journals Prediction of parental alienation on depression in left-behind children: A 12-month follow-up investigation

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoxiao Sun ◽  
Xuemei Qin ◽  
Mengjia Zhang ◽  
Aigang Yang ◽  
Xiaomei Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Parental Alienation ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
Resilience Scale ◽  
Children’S Depression ◽  
Risk Predictor ◽  
High Level

Abstract Aims Alienation towards parents often occurs when parents divorce; however, it can also occur when one or both parents leave for work for more than 6 months. Our previous investigation has confirmed a high level of feelings of alienation towards parents among Chinese left-behind children. However, the longitudinal prediction of alienation on children's mental health outcomes remains largely unknown. This study aims to observe the prediction of alienation towards parents on children's depression 12 months later and potential mediators and moderators. Methods A total of 1090 Chinese left-behind children took part in this 12-month follow-up investigation, using the Chinese version of the Inventory of Alienation towards Parents (IAP), the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), the Adolescent Self-Rating Life-events Checklist (ASLEC), and the Adolescent Resilience Scale. Results Alienation towards parents was high (16.42 ± 7.27 for mother, 15.63 ± 7.17 for father) in left-behind children, and 21.01% of children reported depression. Alienation towards parents predicted current depression of children directly and later depression indirectly; children's alienation toward their mothers was a stronger predictor of depression than alienation towards fathers. In models, stressful life-events acted as a risk mediator. Previous depression was the strongest risk predictor, resilience was the strongest protective factor, and duration of fathers’ absence and parents’ marital status moderated the predictive effects. Conclusions This study is among the first to longitudinally confirm that alienation towards parents is a predictor of children's later depression. The results provide important suggestions for families and schools; i.e. to prevent depression in left-behind children, parent−child bonds especially alienation towards mothers, should be carefully considered, and individuals with more negative life-events and weaker resilience need further attention.

scholarly journals Risk and protective factors for comorbid internalizing and externalizing problems among economically disadvantaged African American youth

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 1043-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingwen Liu ◽  
Brian Mustanski ◽  
Danielle Dick ◽  
John Bolland ◽  
Darlene A. Kertes
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Collective Efficacy ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Externalizing Problems ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽  
Internalizing And Externalizing

AbstractComorbidity of internalizing and externalizing problems and its risk and protective factors have not been well incorporated into developmental research, especially among racial minority youth from high-poverty neighborhoods. The present study identified a latent comorbid factor as well as specific factors underlying internalizing and externalizing problems among 592 African American adolescents living in economically disadvantaged neighborhoods (291 male; M age = 15.9 years, SD = 1.43 years). Stressful life events and racial discrimination were associated with higher comorbid problems, whereas stressful life events and exposure to violence were associated with higher specific externalizing problems. Collective efficacy was associated with both lower specific externalizing problems and lower comorbid problems. Moreover, high collective efficacy buffered the risk effects of stressful life events and racial discrimination on comorbid problems. Our results demonstrated the advantages of latent variable modeling to understanding comorbidity by articulating impacts of risk factors on comorbid and specific components underlying internalizing and externalizing problems. They also highlighted the protective effect of collective efficacy in mitigating risks for these problems. These findings broadly call for more studies on comorbidities in developmental psychopathology among youth from diverse sociocultural backgrounds.

scholarly journals Moderate emotional reactions to stressful life events are associated with lowest risk of increased alcohol consumption: evidence from the Whitehall II study

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 754-758
Author(s):  
Nadya Dich ◽  
Stacey N Doan
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Emotional Response ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Major Life

AbstractBackgroundResearch investigating the associations between stress-related negative emotions and alcohol consumption often assumes a linear dose–response relationship. Based on the current theories of emotions, we questioned this assumption and hypothesized that both very low and very high levels of negative emotional response (NER) to stressful life events are related to increased alcohol consumption.MethodsWe used data from Phases 1 (1985–88) and 2 (1989–90) of the British Whitehall II study. At both phases, participants reported on their alcohol consumption, recent stressful events and the NER to the events. Two thousand and sixteen participants without recent stressful events at baseline were selected. Logistic regression was used to model the association between emotional response at baseline and increased frequency of alcohol consumption between the two phases.ResultsThe likelihood of increased alcohol consumption increased with the number of recent stressful events. Among participants with at least one event, 17% increased alcohol consumption, compared with 14% of those who reported no events. Participants with average NER were at lowest risk (14%) of increasing alcohol consumption after major life events. Those with highest NER were significantly more likely to increase alcohol consumption (20%) than those with average NER, but the difference between those with highest NER and those with lowest NER (17%) was not statistically significant.ConclusionsIncreases in alcohol consumption following stressful events are least likely if people experience moderate levels of NER to events. Negative emotions in moderate doses should not be regarded as a risk factor for unhealthy behaviours, but rather a potentially protective factor.

scholarly journals A Person-Centered Approach to Resilience and Vulnerability in Emerging Adulthood: Predictions From Parenting and Personality in Adolescence

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donna de Maat ◽  
Nicole Lucassen ◽  
Rebecca Shiner ◽  
Peter Prinzie
Keyword(s):  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Emerging Adulthood ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Mothers And Fathers

In this person-centered study, we identified different profiles of resilience and vulnerability in emerging adulthood in response to previously experienced stressful life events. Additionally, we examined whether mothers’ and fathers’ parenting and participants’ personality traits in adolescence predicted these profiles. Data from the Flemish Study on Parenting, Personality, and Development (N = 346 families) were used. At T1 (2004; Mage = 11 years), T2 (2007), and T3 (2009), mothers and fathers reported on their parenting and their child’s personality. At T4 (2018; Mage = 25 years), emerging adults retrospectively self-reported the occurrence and impact of 22 stressful life events and rated current behavior problems and subjective well-being. Latent profile analysis revealed three profiles: Competent (71%; low stress, low behavior problems, high subjective well-being), Vulnerable (21%; average stress, high behavior problems, low subjective well-being), and Resilient (9%; high stress, average behavior problems, average subjective well-being). Emerging adults in the Resilient profile had experienced higher levels of maternal positive parenting and were less emotionally stable and conscientious than those in the Competent profile. Furthermore, emerging adults in the Vulnerable profile were less emotionally stable than their peers in the Competent profile. These findings reveal new insights into the heterogeneous patterns of emerging adults’ adaptation following stressful life events.

scholarly journals The relations between teacher-child closeness and conflict in preschool and children’s outcomes in kindergarten

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya Maria Paes ◽  
Robert Duncan ◽  
David J. Purpura ◽  
Sara Schmitt
Keyword(s):  
Social Skills ◽  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Parent Education ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Children's Behavior ◽  
Child Relationship ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Children’S Behavior Problems

This is a preprint of a study that examined the relations between closeness and conflict in the teacher-child relationship in preschool and children’s behavior problems, social skills, and executive function (EF) in kindergarten, and examined if these relations are moderated by parental education. The study also explored associations between teacher-child closeness and conflict and the subscales of children’s behavior problems and social skills. The sample consisted of 126 preschool children (M = 56.70 months, SD = 3.89). Regression analyses revealed that teacher-child conflict was related to poorer social skills in children, specifically lower assertion, lower engagement, and lower cooperation. Additionally, as conflict in the teacher-child relationship increased, EF decreased for children whose parents have a lower level of education. There was also a marginally significant moderator of the relation between teacher-child closeness and behavior problems where high parent education served as a protective factor for low levels of teacher-child closeness. Implications for future research are discussed.

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