scholarly journals Attitudes and Practices Regarding Responsible Beverage Service: Focus Group Discussions With Bar and Restaurant Management and Staff

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 87-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra M. Ecklund ◽  
Dawn M. Nederhoff ◽  
Shanda L. Hunt ◽  
Keith J. Horvath ◽  
Toben F. Nelson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Restaurant Management ◽  
Responsible Beverage Service ◽  
Service Policies ◽  
Legal Consequences

Staff and management of bars and restaurants are the key players in assuring responsible beverage service (RBS) and preventing the overservice of alcohol to intoxicated patrons. We conducted six focus group discussions ( N = 42) with management and staff from bars and restaurants about RBS. We compared findings from these current discussions to results of focus group discussions conducted in the 1990s. In comparison to the earlier focus group discussions, we found that many managers and staff members had experience with RBS training programs, establishments generally had written alcohol service policies, and managers and staff members perceived greater likelihood of facing consequences from law enforcement for serving underage youth. Managers and servers also expressed greater concern about overservice of alcohol but did not report greater concern about potential legal consequences for overservice of alcohol than participants from the 1990s focus groups. Results of this study can inform training and enforcement approaches to addressing overservice of alcohol.

scholarly journals A comparative assessment of two tools designed to support patient safety culture in UK general practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Litchfield ◽  
Kate Marsden ◽  
Lucy Doos ◽  
Katherine Perryman ◽  
Anthony Avery ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Patient Safety ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Safety Culture ◽  
Improve Patient Safety ◽  
Patient Safety Culture ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Staff Members ◽  
Practice Team

Abstract Background The NHS has recognised the importance of a high quality patient safety culture in the delivery of primary health care in the rapidly evolving environment of general practice. Two tools, PC-SafeQuest and MapSaf, were developed with the intention of assessing and improving patient safety culture in this setting. Both have been made widely available through their inclusion in the Royal College of General Practitioners’ Patient Safety Toolkit and our work offerss a timely exploration of the tools to inform practice staff as to how each might be usefully applied and in which circumstances. Here we present a comparative analysis of their content, and describe the perspectives of staff on their design, outputs and the feasibility of their sustained use. Methods We have used a content analysis to provide the context for the qualitative study of staff experiences of using the tools at a representative range of practices recruited from across the Midlands (UK). Data was collected through moderated focus groups using an identical topic guide. Results A total of nine practices used the PC-SafeQuest tool and four the MapSaf tool. A total of 159 staff completed the PC-SafeQuest tool 52 of whom took part in the subsequent focus group discussions, and 25 staff completed the MapSaf tool all of whom contributed to the focus group discussions. PC-SafeQuest was perceived as quick and easy to use with direct questions pertinent to the work of GP practices providing useful quantitative insight into important areas of safety culture. Though MaPSaF was more logistically challenging, it created a forum for synchronous cross- practice discussions raising awareness of perceptions of safety culture across the practice team. Conclusions Both tools were able to promote reflective and reflexive practice either in individual staff members or across the broader practice team and the oversight they granted provided useful direction for senior staff looking to improve patient safety. Because PC SafeQuest can be easily disseminated and independently completed it is logistically suited to larger practice organisations, whereas the MapSaf tool lends itself to smaller practices where assembling staff in a single workshop is more readily achieved.

scholarly journals A qualitative study of consumer perceptions and use of traffic light food labelling in Ecuador

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 805-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilma B Freire ◽  
William F Waters ◽  
Gabriela Rivas-Mariño ◽  
Tien Nguyen ◽  
Patricio Rivas
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Traffic Light ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Attitudes And Practices

AbstractObjectiveTo analyse patterns of knowledge, comprehension, attitudes and practices regarding the traffic light label placed on processed food packages to inform Ecuadorian consumers about levels of added fat, sugar and salt.DesignTwenty-one focus group discussions organized by age group, sex and place of residence. Interviews with representatives of companies that manufacture or market processed foods. Analysis of regulations and structured observations of processed food labels.SettingCities and towns in Ecuador’s coastal, highland and eastern lowland regions.SubjectsOne hundred and seventy-eight participants in twenty-one focus group discussions and nine key informants.ResultsFocus group participants knew about the traffic light label and understood the information it conveys, but not all changed their attitudes and practices related to the purchase and consumption of processed foods. Children, adolescents and adult males reported using the information infrequently; adolescents interested in health and adult women used the label the most to select products. Representatives of companies that manufacture or market processed foods generally opposed the policy, stating that the information is misleading. Nevertheless, some companies have reduced levels of added fat, sugar or salt in their products.ConclusionsThe traffic light label is an effective tool for conveying complex information. Its potential contribution to reduce consumption of products with high levels of fat, sugar and salt could be enhanced by promoting healthy diets among consumers who have not changed purchasing and consumption behaviour, by placing the label on front panels and by monitoring the production and marketing of processed foods.

scholarly journals Exploring the characteristics of a local demand for African wild meat: A focus group study of long-term Ghanaian residents in the Netherlands

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. e0246868
Author(s):  
Sandrella M. Morrison-Lanjouw ◽  
Roel A. Coutinho ◽  
Kwasi Boahene ◽  
Robert Pool
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
West African ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Focus Group Study ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Wild Meat ◽  
The City

While there is a growing body of research documenting unregulated African wild meat imports into Europe from the Africa continent, the drivers of this demand are virtually unknown. This study employs focus group discussions and a survey questionnaire to examine the attitudes and practices related to African wild meat consumption in the city of Amsterdam, Netherlands. The Ghanaian community was selected as the object of this study, as it is the largest West African population in the Netherlands and represents an important part of Dutch society. We model our report on a recent US study of the Liberian community of Minneapolis, Minnesota, which allows for the comparison of results between two Western countries. The overall perceived health risk of consuming African wild meat in The Netherlands is low and unlikely to deter consumption. However, local prices for the meat may be prohibitive in some cases. Incentives include health benefits, cultural drivers and a strong preference for the taste of African wild meat over all local meat alternatives. The study calls for further research into the nature of the drivers of demand for African wild meat as well as its public health consequences, in the Netherlands and beyond.

scholarly journals Decolonising the mindsets, attitudes and practices of the allopathic and indigenous health practitioners in postcolonial society: An exploratory approach in the management of patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon M. Nemutandani ◽  
Stephen J. Hendricks ◽  
Mavis F. Mulaudzi
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Indigenous Health ◽  
Hiv And Aids ◽  
Health Seeking ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Health Practitioners ◽  
Living With Hiv

Background: The indigenous health care system continues in the postcolonial era to be perceived by antagonists as a threat to Western medicine. It has been associated with ‘witchcraft’, actively discouraged and repressed through official government prohibition laws. Despite that, human immunodeficiency virus and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(HIV and AIDS) patients consult both allopathic and indigenous health practitioners.Aim: The study explored a collaboration model between allopathic and traditional health practitioners in the management of patients living with HIV and AIDS in postcolonial South Africa.Setting: We conducted six combined focus group discussions and four separate group discussions with each category of co-researchers.Methods: Combined and separate focus group discussions were conducted with community members, allopathic and indigenous health practitioners, applying the cyclical method in the decolonisation process. Their perceptions and experiences in the management of HIV and AIDS patients were explored, and finally decolonisation strategies suitable for collaboration in their context were identified.Results: The two health systems were rendering services to the same HIV and AIDS communities.Lack of communication created confusion. Collaboration was long overdue. A change in mindsets, attitudes and practices among practitioners was critical, with an acknowledgementthat ‘neither health system is better than the other, but the two should be complementary, recognising that the culture and beliefs of patients influence their health-seeking behaviour’.Conclusion: Co-researchers were committed to working together in the fight against HIV and AIDS infections. Their model for collaboration addresses the challenges of patients’ secrecy, treatment overdose and the abandonment of antiretroviral treatment. Through the application of a decolonisation process, their mindsets, attitudes and practices towards each other were changed, enabling the joint development of a custom model for collaboration between allopathic health practitioners and indigenous health practitioners in the management of patients living with HIV and AIDS.

scholarly journals PENYELESAIAN PERKARA PIDANA YANG BERKEADILAN SUBSTANSIAL

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Taufiq
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Interactive Analysis ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
Obser Vations

<p align="center"><strong>A</strong><strong>b</strong><strong>s</strong><strong>t</strong><strong>ra</strong><strong>k</strong></p><p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui berbagai masalah yang timbul dalam penyelesaian kasus pidana, dan bagaimana pandangan penegakan hukum terhadap hukum acara pidana di Indonesia dalam memberikan keadilan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian hukum empiris dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif yang menekankan pada observasi lapangan, dan data dianalisis dengan cara non-statistik. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan studi pustaka, observasi, wawancara, dan <em>focus group discussions </em>(FGD). Informan dipilih berdasarkan tujuan penelitian. Data yang terkumpul kemudian divalidasi dengan triangulasi data dan dianalisis menggunakan model analisis interaktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 1) Sistem peradilan pidana belum mampu memberikan keadilan bagi korban dan pelaku 2) penegakan hukum masih terlalu kaku dalam menerapkan secara penuh aturan normatif, termasuk dalam kasus-kasus tertentu, bahkan yang kerugian sangat kecil.</p><p><strong>Kata Kunci </strong>: Pidana, Keadilan, <em>Restorative Justice</em></p><p align="center"><strong>A</strong><strong>b</strong><strong>s</strong><strong>t</strong><strong>rac</strong><strong>t</strong></p><p><em>T</em><em>he purposes of this research are to find out many kinds of problems that arise in the resolution of criminal case, and how the views of law enforcement against criminal procedural law in Indonesia in order to provide justice.This research is an empirical law by using a qualitative method that emphasizes on the field obser- vations, and the data were analyzed by non-statistical means. Data collecting technique performs by literature studies, observations, interviews, and focus group discussions (FGD). The informants were se- lected refer to its each purposes. The data validation was based on triangulation and it was analyzed using interactive analysis model.The results of this research indicate: 1) Criminal Justice System is less able to achieve substantial justice for both victims and perpetrators, 2) This study also concluded that law enforce- ment is still too rigid to fully implement the normative rules, including in certain cases, even the loss is very small.</em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>Criminal, Justice, Restorative </em><em>J</em><em>ustice</em></p>

scholarly journals Leprosy perceptions and knowledge in endemic districts in India and Indonesia: Differences and commonalities

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. e0009031
Author(s):  
Anna Tiny van’t Noordende ◽  
Suchitra Lisam ◽  
Panca Ruthindartri ◽  
Atif Sadiq ◽  
Vivek Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Behavioural Change ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Levels

Background Understanding how knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding leprosy differ in endemic countries can help us develop targeted educational and behavioural change interventions. This study aimed to examine the differences and commonalities in and determinants of knowledge, attitudes, practices and fears regarding leprosy in endemic districts in India and Indonesia. Principle findings A cross-sectional mixed-methods design was used. Persons affected by leprosy, their close contacts, community members and health workers were included. Through interview-administered questionnaires we assessed knowledge, attitudes, practices and fears with the KAP measure, EMIC-CSS and SDS. In addition, semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions were conducted. The quantitative data were analysed using stepwise multivariate regression. Determinants of knowledge and stigma that were examined included age, gender, participant type, education, occupation, knowing someone affected by leprosy and district. The qualitative data were analysed using open, inductive coding and content analysis. We administered questionnaires to 2344 participants (46% from India, 54% from Indonesia) as an interview. In addition, 110 participants were interviewed in-depth and 60 participants were included in focus group discussions. Knowledge levels were low in both countries: 88% of the participants in India and 90% of the participants in Indonesia had inadequate knowledge of leprosy. In both countries, cause, mode of transmission, early symptoms and contagiousness of leprosy was least known, and treatment and treatability of leprosy was best known. In both countries, health workers had the highest leprosy knowledge levels and community members the highest stigma levels (a mean score of up to 17.4 on the EMIC-CSS and 9.1 on the SDS). Data from the interviews indicated that people were afraid of being infected by leprosy. Local beliefs and misconceptions differed, for instance that leprosy is in the family for seven generations (Indonesia) or that leprosy is a result of karma (India). The determinants of leprosy knowledge and stigma explained 10–29% of the variability in level of knowledge and 3–10% of the variability in level of stigma. Conclusion Our findings show the importance of investigating the perceptions regarding leprosy prior to educational interventions in communities: even though knowledge levels were similar, local beliefs and misconceptions differed per setting. The potential determinants we included in our study explained very little of the variability in level of knowledge and stigma and should be explored further. Detailed knowledge of local knowledge gaps, beliefs and fears can help tailor health education to local circumstances.

scholarly journals Childhood eye care services in South Darfur State of Sudan: Learner and parent perspectives

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saif H. Alrasheed ◽  
Kovin S. Naidoo ◽  
Peter C. Clarke-Farr
Keyword(s):  
Focus Group ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Refractive Error ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Knowledge Attitudes And Practices

Purpose: Most causes of childhood visual impairment are either treatable or preventable. Eye health education plays an important role in reducing avoidable causes of visual impairment as well as to help ensure a healthy and educated community. The main objective of this study was to assess the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of the students and their parents on childhood eye services and barriers for accessing child eye care.Methods: The study was conducted in South Darfur State of Sudan between January and February 2015. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to collect data from eight secondary schools. Four schools for boys and four schools for girls were randomly selected from a list of 21 districts of South Darfur State and the Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices surveys were conducted with the students to collect quantitative data. In addition, seven focus group discussions were conducted with the children’s parents to collect qualitative data.Results: The majority (57.5%) of the students reported that they knew about refractive error; however, 33.07% reported never hearing about refractive error. About 70.3% of the respondents believed that uncorrected refractive error leads to visual impairment, 21% believed refractive error did not cause visual impairment and 30.5% reported that wearing spectacles was not effective in the treatment of refractive error. With regard to the information about eye healthcare, 88.1% of the participants reported they did not have enough information about eye care. The reported need for more information about prevention, treatment and symptoms was 34.0%, 31.4% and 17.5%, respectively. With regard to barriers, 80.6% of the students reported never having had their eyes tested. The most cited barriers were cost, fear of wearing spectacles and fear of an eye examination. In addition, 72.6% of students reported that their health insurance did not cover eye care services. Most (53.6%) of the parents believed that the cause of refractive error in children was poor nutrition. Common themes arising from the focus group discussions included parents reporting that they looked for traditional treatment for their children and preferring to receive child eye information from an eye specialist and through the television and radio. The most frequently cited barriers by the parents were high cost of the treatment, lack of eye care specialists, lack of awareness about child eye diseases and mistrust in eye care providers.Conclusion: The level of knowledge and practices about eye care and refractive error is low and perceptions about spectacles as a method for treatment for refractive error were fraught with misconceptions amongst students. There is a need for structured educational programmes to raise awareness regarding the effect and treatment modalities for childhood eye disease and visual impairment in order to address the barriers for accessing childhood eye care.Keywords: Children; school; eye care; spectacles; refractive error; knowledge;barriers; optometrist

scholarly journals Fathers’ involvement in child care activities: Qualitative findings from the highlands of Madagascar

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e0247112
Author(s):  
Hasina Rakotomanana ◽  
Christine N. Walters ◽  
Joel J. Komakech ◽  
Deana Hildebrand ◽  
Gail E. Gates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Care ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Community Perceptions ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Traditional Gender Roles

Few studies have investigated fathers’ roles in child care in Madagascar. This study explored the perceptions, attitudes, and practices regarding fathers’ involvement in child care using qualitative methods. Ten focus group discussions were conducted among parents of children aged 6–23 months; seven were among mothers, and three among fathers. In-depth semi-structured interviews (n = 8) were also conducted with key informants. Discussions and interviews were audio-recorded and the verbatim transcripts in Malagasy were translated into English. Data were analyzed using the thematic analysis approach. Provision of financial and material support as well as teaching and playing with the child were the main perceived roles of fathers. In practice, fathers spent their time alone with their children playing and holding them when the mother was unavailable. Busy schedules and separation due to work were major barriers to fathers’ involvement. Traditional gender roles for child care in which the mother is seen as primarily responsible for the child were salient across the data. Consequently, men involved in child care activities and their wives were often criticized by the community. Nevertheless, there was self-reported interest from both mothers and fathers in involving men more in child care. Interventions aimed to increase fathers’ involvement in child care may be more successful when they focus on shifting the community perceptions on the division of responsibilities between fathers and mothers.

scholarly journals PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT PESISIR TERHADAP KERUSAKAN EKOLOGIS DANAU LIMBOTO PROVINSI GORONTALO*

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasim
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Focus Group ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Validation Data ◽  
Depth Interviews

Limboto Lake has strategic benefits for Gorontalo. In fact the lake Limboto has beensuffering massive degradation. This study aimed to analyze the perception of coastalcommunities as a result of ecological damage in the Lake Limboto. The study used surveymethods, and determination of the respondents was conducted randomly. Data collectionwas conducted by interviews using qeusioner and depth interviews with key informants.Besides, the data collection was also done through focus group discussions (FGD) as partof the validation data. There are four factors that cause degradation namely (1) fisheriesthat are not environmentally friendly, (2) the absence of law enforcement efforts, (3) theparticipation of vulnerable groups, and (4) the extent of ecosystems damage of LimbotoLake has been very severe and impossible to be restored, That Condition requires aconsiderable effort to restore the condition of Lake Limboto.

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