Hopelessness and Psychiatric Symptomatology in Hospitalized Physically Ill Adolescents

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony L. Pillay ◽  
Douglas R. Wassenaar
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
The Other ◽  
Psychiatric Disturbance ◽  
Psychiatric Symptomatology ◽  
Healthy Group ◽  
Matched Group ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
The One

This study compares scores on psychiatric disturbance and hopelessness in two adolescent samples. The one sample was a physically ill hospitalized group, and the other was a matched group of healthy control subjects. It was found that the hospitalized physically ill group scored significantly higher on both psychiatric disturbance and hopelessness than the healthy group. At six-month follow-up, the physically ill group's scores on psychiatric disturbance had declined significantly, but hopelessness scores remained significantly high. In line with other findings, this study suggests that insufficient clinical attention is paid to psychiatric symptoms in hospitalized physically ill patients, and that the high hopelessness scores after six months warrant clinical psychological evaluation.

scholarly journals The prognosis of functional limb weakness: a 14-year case-control study

Brain ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 142 (7) ◽  
pp. 2137-2148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannette M Gelauff ◽  
Alan Carson ◽  
Lea Ludwig ◽  
Marina A J Tijssen ◽  
Jon Stone
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Illness Perception ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Motor Disorder ◽  
Limb Weakness ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Baseline Factors ◽  
Functional Limb

Abstract Reliable data on the prognosis of functional motor disorder are scarce, as existing studies of the prognosis of functional motor disorder are nearly all retrospective, small and uncontrolled. In this study we used a prospectively recruited, controlled cohort design to assess misdiagnosis, mortality and symptomatic and health outcome in patients with functional limb weakness compared to neurological disease and healthy control subjects. We also carried out an exploratory analysis for baseline factors predicting outcome. One hundred and seven patients with functional limb weakness, 46 neurological and 38 healthy control subjects from our previously studied prospective cohort were traced for follow-up after an average of 14 years. Misdiagnosis was determined in a consensus meeting using information from records, patients and their GPs. Numbers and causes of death were collected via death certificates. Outcome of limb weakness, physical and psychiatric symptoms, disability/quality of life and illness perception were recorded with self-rated questionnaires. Outcome measures were compared within and between groups. Seventy-six patients (71%) with functional limb weakness, 31 (67%) neurological and 23 (61%) healthy controls were included in follow-up. Misdiagnosis was found in one patient in the functional limb weakness group (1%) and in one neurological control (2%). Eleven patients with functional limb weakness, eight neurological control subjects and one healthy control subject had died. Weakness had completely remitted in 20% of patients in the functional limb weakness group and in 18% of the neurological controls (P = 0.785) and improved in a larger proportion of functional limb weakness patients (P = 0.011). Outcomes were comparable between patient groups, and worse than the healthy control group. No baseline factors were independent predictors of outcome, although somatization disorder, general health, pain and total symptoms at baseline were univariably correlated to outcome. This study is the largest and longest follow-up study of functional limb weakness. Misdiagnosis in functional limb weakness is rare after long-term follow-up. The disorder is associated with a higher mortality rate than expected, and symptoms are persistent and disabling. It appears difficult to predict outcome based on common baseline variables. These data should help inform clinicians to provide a more realistic outlook of the outcome and emphasize the importance of active and targeted therapy.

scholarly journals MAPPING AND ENHANCING DESIGN STUDIES WITH PSI META-THEORETIC DESIGN FRAMEWORK

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 2007-2016
Author(s):  
Yoram Reich ◽  
Eswaran Subrahmanian
Keyword(s):  
Design Research ◽  
The Other ◽  
Design Studies ◽  
Abstraction Level ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
The One ◽  
The Right ◽  
Abstract Framework ◽  
Tools And Methods

AbstractDesign research as a field has been studied from diverse perspectives starting from product inception to their disposal. The product of these studies includes knowledge, tools, methods, processes, frameworks, approaches, and theories. The contexts of these studies are innumerable. The unit of these studies varies from individuals to organizations, using a variety of theoretical tools and methods that have fragmented the field, making it difficult to understand the map of this corpus of knowledge across this diversity.In this paper, we propose a model-based approach that on the one hand, does not delve into the details of the design object itself, but on the other hand, unifies the description of design problem at another abstraction level. The use of this abstract framework allows for describing and comparing underlying models of published design studies using the same language to place them in the right context in which design takes place and to enable to inter-relate them, to understand the wholes and the parts of design studies.Patterns of successful studies could be generated and used by researchers to improve the design of new studies, understand the outcome of existing studies, and plan follow-up studies.

scholarly journals Relational Memory in the Early Stage of Psychosis: A 2-Year Follow-up Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzanne N Avery ◽  
Kristan Armstrong ◽  
Maureen McHugo ◽  
Simon Vandekar ◽  
Jennifer Urbano Blackford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Chronic Schizophrenia ◽  
Early Psychosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Relational Memory ◽  
Course Of Illness ◽  
Memory Impairments ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Healthy Control

Abstract Background Relational memory, the ability to bind information into complex memories, is moderately impaired in early psychosis and severely impaired in chronic schizophrenia, suggesting relational memory may worsen throughout the course of illness. Methods We examined relational memory in 66 early psychosis patients and 64 healthy control subjects, with 59 patients and 52 control subjects assessed longitudinally at baseline and 2-year follow-up. Relational memory was assessed with 2 complementary tasks, to test how individuals learn relationships between items (face-scene binding task) and make inferences about trained relationships (associative inference task). Results The early psychosis group showed impaired relational memory in both tasks relative to the healthy control group. The ability to learn relationships between items remained impaired in early psychosis patients, while the ability to make inferences about trained relationships improved, although never reaching the level of healthy control performance. Early psychosis patients who did not progress to schizophrenia at follow-up had better relational memory than patients who did. Conclusions Relational memory impairments, some of which improve and are less severe in patients who do not progress to schizophrenia, are a target for intervention in early psychosis.

scholarly journals Review and Categorization of Digital Applications in the Energy Sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (24) ◽  
pp. 5350
Author(s):  
Paul Weigel ◽  
Manfred Fischedick
Keyword(s):  
Business Models ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Electricity Sector ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Discussion ◽  
Digital Products ◽  
High Importance ◽  
The One

Digitalization is a transformation process which has already affected many parts of industry and society and is expected to yet increase its transformative speed and impact. In the energy sector, many digital applications have already been implemented. However, a more drastic change is expected during the next decades. Good understanding of which digital applications are possible and what are the associated benefits as well as risks from the different perspectives of the impacted stakeholders is of high importance. On the one hand, it is the basis for a broad societal and political discussion about general targets and guidelines of digitalization. On the other hand, it is an important piece of information for companies in order to develop and sustainably implement digital applications. This article provides a structured overview of potential digital applications in the German energy (electricity) sector, including the associated benefits and the impacted stakeholders on the basis of a literature review. Furthermore, as an outlook, a methodology to holistically analyze digital applications is suggested. The intended purpose of the suggested methodology is to provide a complexity-reduced fact base as input for societal and political discussions and for the development of new digital products, services, or business models. While the methodology is outlined in this article, in a follow-up article the application of the methodology will be presented and the use of the approach reflected.

Controlled Follow-up of Patients Released by a Review Panel at One and Two Years after Separation*

1987 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 448-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ledwidge ◽  
W. Glackman ◽  
Jaime Paredes ◽  
R. Chen ◽  
S. Dhami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Readmission Rate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Review Panel ◽  
Matched Group ◽  
Discharged Patients ◽  
Attending Physician ◽  
Attending Physicians ◽  
Better Than

Fifty patients released by the Review Panel are compared with a matched group of 50 patients discharged by the attending physician at one and at two years after separation from hospital. The two groups did not differ with respect to readmission rate or time spent in the community. At two years the physician-discharged patients were functioning better than the Panel-discharged patients in two of the seven areas of functioning; in the other five areas of functioning the adjustment of the two groups did not differ. The implications of these findings for the operation of the Review Panel and for the timely discharge of involuntary patients by attending physicians is discussed.

scholarly journals An Exploratory Study of Language Use and Preferences among Nursing Lecturers and Students at Mzuzu University in Malawi

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-198
Author(s):  
Agness C C Hara
Keyword(s):  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Code Switching ◽  
The Other ◽  
Nursing Profession ◽  
Classroom Setting ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
The One

This article reports on the insights gained from multilingual nursing lecturers and students at Mzuzu University in Malawi on the languages they use and prefer in a classroom setting. Research (Setati, Chitera and Essien, 2009; Chowdhury 2012) has found that both lecturers and students in multilingual and multicultural settings favour code-switching practices in the classroom setting. Code-switching is, therefore, an important phenomenon, which researchers should continue exploring because of the several distinctive attributes associated with it. The study adheres to qualitative and quantitative designs through the use of a questionnaire and follow-up interviews as methods of data collection. The results reveal that both lecturers and students favour code-switching from English to Chichewa during lectures. From both lecturers’ and students’ perspectives, code-switching helps to translate and clarify difficult concepts. It also helps to prepare students for the nursing profession. The study has some practical and pedagogical implications. On the one hand, it contributes some meaningful insights for language planners and policy-makers; on the other hand, the study sheds important light on the need to include the workplace dimension during language in education and language planning conversations. This study is also important because it addresses the issue of how code-switching might effectively be exploited as a communicative and pedagogical resource in instruction.

Concepts, Knowledge and Language in Healthcare Information Systems: Follow-up 30 Months Later

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (04/05) ◽  
pp. 312-314
Author(s):  
J.-R. Scherrer
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Representation ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Computational Linguistics ◽  
The Other ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Healthcare Information Systems ◽  
The One ◽  
New Research ◽  
Insight Into

AbstractThe paper reviews the last IMIA-WG6 recommendations, issued along two themes: (1) how to better share common results and (2) how to conduct new research and development efforts. Some of the major discrepancies in the field are reviewed. The paper intends to offer insight into two areas, first, in the issue of knowledge representation and, second, in the science of meaning, incorporating the broad intersection of computational linguistics, semantics, conceptual approach, and denotation. The Ogden-Richards meaning triangle is used as a convenient organizing principle to maximize the scope of understanding among the different schools, particularly in areas of linguistics and semantics on the one side and denotation and conceptual approach on the other. In conclusion, there is a need for clarification and for more scientific pragmatism.

scholarly journals Investigation of L-Carnitine Concentrations in Treated Patients with Maple Syrup Urine Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 08 (03) ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
Burcu Kumru ◽  
Burcu Oztürk Hismi
Keyword(s):  
Maple Syrup Urine Disease ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Maple Syrup ◽  
Atp Production ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Urine Disease ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Ketoacid Dehydrogenase

AbstractMaple syrup urine disease (MSUD), also known as branched-chain α ketoaciduria, is a metabolic disorder caused by an inborn deficiency in the activity of the branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex. Severe neurological damage occurs in most patients with MSUD although the exact mechanism of neurotoxicity still remains unknown. Studies have suggested that neuropathology in patients with MSUD may be related to oxidative stress. L-carnitine mediates the transport of fatty acids into the mitochondria that are required for β-oxidation and ATP production. Along with the important roles it plays in lipid metabolism, L-carnitine also protects tissues from oxidative damage through its antioxidant properties. The study included a total of 15 patients with MSUD who attended regular follow-up visits, and 15 age-matched healthy control subjects, and aimed to investigate L-carnitine levels in treated patients with MSUD and healthy control subjects. L-carnitine levels were found to be significantly lower in the patient group than in the healthy controls. No significant correlation was identified between the plasma branched-chain amino acids leucine, isoleucine, valine, and L-carnitine levels. Patients with MSUD can be treated with adjuvant therapy with L-carnitine supplementation.

Self-Control and Enuresis

1995 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 249-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tammie Ronen ◽  
Giora Rahav ◽  
Yochanan Wozner
Keyword(s):  
Token Economy ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Cognitive Components ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The One

This paper presents the link between self-control and childhood enuresis, assuming that enuresis is maintained by deficiencies in self-control skills, whether caused by physiological, behavioral, or cognitive components. Acquisition of self-control skills is proposed as helping in eliminating enuresis. Seventy-seven enuretic children (aged 7 to 14) were randomly assigned to three treatment modes (bell and pad, token economy, and cognitive therapy) and to one control group. The self-control skills of children and their parents and the frequency of enuresis were measured before and after treatment. Results showed a negative correlation between self-control and enuresis on the one hand and between the acquisition of self-control skills and recovery from enuresis on the other hand. The results also highlighted the need for a follow-up period to determine the different longer-term effects of treatments.

scholarly journals Evaluation of outpatient discharge in patients with cutaneous melanoma

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 70-74
Author(s):  
Nurimar C. Fernandes ◽  
Flauberto de Sousa Marinho
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Melanoma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Stage Iiic ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Melanoma In Situ ◽  
Stage Ia ◽  
The One

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate discharge in a group of patients with cutaneous melanoma according to recently established criteria. METHODS: we conducted an observational, cross-sectional study with 32 patients at the Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho (HUCFF) / Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), between 1995 and 2013, in the following stages: IA (17 cases, 53.12%), IB (4 cases, 12.5%), IIA (3 cases, 9.37%), IIC (1 case, 3.12%), IIIB (1 case, 3.12%), IIIC (3 cases, 9.37%), melanomas in situ (2 cases, 6.25%), Tx (1 case, 3.12%). RESULTS: the follow-up time varied from one to 20 years (stage IA), five to 15 years (stage IB), six to 17 years (stage IIA), 20 years (stage IIC), 23 years (stage IIIB) and 14 to 18 years (stage IIIC). One melanoma in situ (subungueal) was discharged in the fourth year of follow-up and the other was promptly discharged. The Tx melanoma was followed for 12 years. We observed no relapses or recurrences in the period. CONCLUSION: although a controversial issue, it was possible to endorse the discharge of the patients since our follow-up time had already exceeded the one recommended by the other authors.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document