The Yasuní-ITT Initiative

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthieu Le Quang
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
National Plan ◽  
Buen Vivir ◽  
Living Well ◽  
Yasuni National Park ◽  
The World

The Yasuní-ITT (Ishpingo-Tambococha-Tiputini) Initiative consisted of leaving the oil underground in a part of Yasuní National Park in the Ecuadorean Amazon, one of the most biodiverse regions in the world. The financial compensation was to be invested in renewable energy, protection of biodiversity, and conservation of 44 protected areas. This initiative proposed a change of imaginaries. One of its most important contributions was questioning the fundamental role of oil in our capitalist and productivist society. With this project, which was linked to the National Plan for Living Well, Ecuador was moving toward a post-petroleum-based society and the pursuit of better living standards through bio-knowledge. La Iniciativa Yasuní-ITT (Ishpingo-Tambococha-Tiputini) consistió en dejar el crudo bajo tierra de una parte del Parque Nacional Yasuní, en la Amazonía ecuatoriana, considerada como una de las más biodiversa del mundo. La compensación financiera seriá invertida en diferentes ámbitos como las energías renovables para cambiar la matriz energética, el cuidado del ambiente para proteger la biodiversidad, conservar las 44 áreas protegidas. Esta iniciativa propuso un cambio de imaginarios. Una de sus aportaciones más importantes era su cuestionamiento del rol de la base de nuestra sociedad capitalista y productivista: el petróleo. Con este proyecto que estaba vinculado al Plan Nacional para el Buen Vivir, el Ecuador se dirigió hacia una sociedad post-petrolera y apuesta a una sociedad del buen vivir basado en el bioconocimiento.

On Energy Status indicators and the role of renewableEnergy under Economic Crisis

2014 ◽  
pp. 92-105
Author(s):  
P. Bezrukikh ◽  
P. Bezrukikh (Jr.)
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Primary Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Status ◽  
Economy Growth ◽  
The World ◽  
Production Regime

The article analyzes the dynamics of consumption of primary energy and production of electrical energy in the world for 1973-2012 and the volume of renewable energy. It is shown that in the crisis year of 20 0 9 there was a significant reduction in primary energy consumption and production of electrical energy. At the same time, renewable energy has developed rapidly, well above the rate of the world economy growth. The development of renewable energy is one of the most effective ways out of the crisis, taking into account its production regime, energy, environmental, social and economic efficiency. The forecast for the development of renewable energy for the period up to 2020, compiled by the IEA, is analyzed. It is shown that its assessment rates are conservative; the authors justify higher rates of development of renewable energy.

scholarly journals A conservação de áreas naturais e o Ecoturismo

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
André Scarambone Zaú
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Conservation Biology ◽  
Rare Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
Natural Areas ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Viable Population

Qual é o papel do Turismo sustentável e do Ecoturismo nas áreas protegidas? Quais devem ser os preparativos para eventos de grande porte como a Copa do Mundo e os Jogos Olímpicos? Como a Biologia da Conservação pode contribuir para o manejo do Turismo ambiental? Para lidar com essas questões, alguns importantes aspectos da Biologia da Conservação são global e regionalmente contextualizados. São discutidos os conceitos de “biodiversidade”, “espécies comuns e raras”, “população mínima viável”, a necessidade de grandes espaços naturais para alguns organismos, bem como outros aspectos que levam a Conservação da Natureza a ser uma das questões mais importantes para a humanidade nos dias de hoje. The conservation of natural areas and the Ecotourism The role of sustainable tourism and ecotourism in protected areas will become of increased importance for the preparation of upcoming events like the Football World Cup and Olympic Games. Therefore, specific understanding of Conservation Biology should contribute to the management of environmental tourism. To address these issues, some important aspects of Conservation Biology in global and regional scales are contextualized. This paper discusses the concepts of “biodiversity”, “common and rare species”, “minimum viable population”, the need for large natural areas for some organisms, as well as other aspects that make Conservation of Nature one of the most important issues for humanity today. KEYWORDS: National Park; Sustainable Tourism; Conservation Biology.

scholarly journals The conservation role of forestry in South Africa

Koedoe ◽  
1977 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.P. Ackerman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Africa ◽  
National Park ◽  
Future Generations ◽  
The World ◽  
The Republic

In September 1965, at the signing ceremony of a National Park Bill, United States President Johnson remarked: "We are living in the Century of Change. But if future generations are to remember us more with gratitude than with sorrow, we must achieve more than just the miracles of technology. We must also leave them a glimpse of the world as God really made it, not just as it looked when we got through with it." In the same spirit, forestry in the Republic of South Africa (RSA) shares the responsibility of conserving and restoring as far as possible the environment in which we and succeeding generations must live.

Birds Without Borders

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 433-455
Author(s):  
Lino Camprubí
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
National Park ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Science Diplomacy ◽  
The World ◽  
Large Project ◽  
Environmental Diplomacy ◽  
Ecological Dimension

The Spanish Doñana Biological Station, inaugurated in 1964, poses two historiographical puzzles. First, it was the first large project of the World Wildlife Fund, which is usually seen as a response to the very specific post-imperial challenges of African parks. Second, it was the first non-alpine park in Spain, and although it was designed and inaugurated in the midst of Francisco Franco’s nationalist dictatorship, it was an explicitly transnational project. This paper approaches Doñana’s unique story through the concept of ecological diplomacy. It points to the diplomatic strategies mobilized by a small group of ecologists with managerial and financial skills. Promoting Doñana, British ornithologists presented it as an African wilderness, which created tensions with Spanish ecologists, themselves colonial scientists. Ecological diplomacy, moreover, refers to a characteristic period between conservation diplomacy and environmental diplomacy. In it, conservation was understood as the top-down management of foreign territories for research purposes. While this can be partly understood as the globalization of the Swiss model for conservation, it arrived in Spain through the mediation of the French Tour du Valat station and of English ecology. Finally, stressing the ecological dimension of this type of conservation diplomacy helps in studying the role of the science of ecology and its transformations. As Doñana became a national park, the WWF’s early emphasis on research was replaced by a new attention to recreation. Max Nicholson’s participation in the International Biology Program granted him an opportunity to favor this model when Doñana became a national park. This essay is part of a special issue entitled Science Diplomacy, edited by Giulia Rispoli and Simone Turchetti.

Tourism and protected areas: Comparing the 2003 and 2014 IUCN World Parks Congress

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Spenceley
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Protected Areas ◽  
Sustainable Tourism ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cutting Edge ◽  
International Union ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Official Records

The International Union for the Conservation of Nature World Parks Congress is held once a decade, and brings together thousands of the world’s experts on protected areas. In 2014, the Sydney World Parks Congress and the parallel event, Global Eco, provided a platform for 125 presentations relating to tourism and visitation. This paper presents a synthesis of the body of work shared at Sydney, including some of the cutting-edge issues, best practices, and inspiring initiatives relating to sustainable tourism. In particular, it compares issues that were highlighted at the 2003 World Parks Congress, and how they have evolved and progressed over the past decade. The paper highlights the role of different stakeholders from different corners of the world in promoting sustainable tourism practices. It also considers the relevance of tourism to the themes of the World Parks Congress, and how the sector is reflected within the official records of the 2003 and 2014 World Parks Congress. Looking forward to the next 10 years, the paper reflects on specific challenges, gaps in knowledge, and areas for further research and outreach.

GLOBAL EXPERIENCE IN THE USE OF "GREEN" TECHNOLOGIES

2021 ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Nikolay A. Efremov ◽  
Marina P. Efremova
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
Predominant Role ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
The World

The article considers the experience of using "green" technologies in various branches of the economy. World practice shows that introduction and subsequent use of "green" technologies increase the efficiency of a particular branch of the economy. At this, the direction of development and the scope of using "green" technologies differ in different countries. Among the predominant areas of using "green" technologies, it is necessary to mark the construction sector, development of renewable energy sources, infrastructure projects, agriculture. Based on actual data, the predominant role of "green" technologies in the scenario for the development of most foreign countries' economies is shown. "Green" technologies in the world practice have become one of the promising directions in development of most branches of economy. The urgency of using "green" technologies in the Russian economy is caused by the fact that against the background of worsening environmental problems, increasing economic tension, the "green" vector of development will make it possible to solve not only environmental, but economic and social problems as well. The analysis of world experience in the use of "green" technologies in various fields of economy gives the opportunity to consider the "green" vector as one of the priority directions for the development of many sectors of Russian economy.

scholarly journals Attractiveness of protected areas for geotourism purposes from the perspective of visitors: the example of Babiogórski National Park (Poland)

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 358-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Widawski ◽  
Zdzisław Jary ◽  
Piotr Oleśniewicz ◽  
Piotr Owczarek ◽  
Julita Markiewicz-Patkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Protected Area ◽  
National Park ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Many

AbstractThis article examines the tourist role of protected areas important for their unanimated nature potential. In Poland the highest form of legal protection is a national park. Babiogórski National Parks is one of 23 national parks in Poland. The aim of this article is to present its tourist attraction based on its geotourist potential considered by tourists who visit this park. At the beginning a brief history of protection of Babia Góra is presented. Based on stock-taking sightseeing method an analysis of the most important tourist attractiveness elements (like infrastructure or tourist values) is done. The focus on the values of unanimated nature is made grouping them into four main categories. As the result of research on infrastructure the most important accommodation units were indicated present at the surroundings of this National Park which is vital for its tourist capacity. For the correct functioning of tourist movement at the protected area the supporting infrastructure is important bearing a lot of functions. The function of channeling of the tourist movement as well as the didactic function are the most important for protection and correct use of geotourist values. Among the many elements of the supporting infrastructure the most important ones are tourist and didactic routes (their course and themes are presented). The most important part of the article is the presentation of the participants of the tourist movement opinions on the Babiogórski National Park tourist attractiveness. A survey was conducted and then analysed on 308 respondents in 2011. They were asked to judge both the quality of infrastructure as well as attraction of geotourist values together with their adaptation to reception by the tourist movement. The results analysis served as a base to appraise the state and perspectives for the geotourism development in Babiogórski National Park from the point of view of the receivers of tourist product i.e. the protected area.

The Role of Dispersal in Structuring the Chitwan Tiger Population

Behaviour ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 124 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 165-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAMES L. DAVID Smith
Keyword(s):  
Social Interactions ◽  
Population Size ◽  
National Park ◽  
Genetic Variance ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
The World ◽  
Chitwan National Park ◽  
Tiger Population ◽  
Stochastic Events

AbstractDispersal in tigers was studied in Royal Chitwan National Park, Nepal. Thirty six adult and young were studied to monitor movements and social interactions relative to dispersal. Fourteen subadults were followed from before their dispersal until they died or established post-dispersal territories. Subadult tigers became semi-independent of their mother when her next litter was born. They usually remained within her natal area until the subsequent litter began to move with her at about 2 mos of age. Animals dispersed between 19 and 28 mos. Males dispersed farther than females and settled in poorer habitat. Three of 4 females settled adjacent to their mothers; in two cases the mother shifted her territory allowing the daughter to take over a large portion of the mother's former territory. Wounds on young prior to dispersal indicated that aggression prompted dispersal. Fjghts were observed between dispersers and residents. After fights, dispersers always left the resident's area. All 4 dispersing females established breeding territories. Females settled next to their mothers tending to reduce the genetic variance of a male's offspring. Eight of 10 males became localized in temporary, post-dispersal territories; 4 of the 8 survived. Two males died of poisoning and 2 from intrasexual aggression. Surviving males either expanded temporary territories or shifted to new areas to establish breeding territories. The Chitwan tigers are an isolated remnant of a population once continuous across the lowlands of Nepal. Effective population size was estimated to be <30 animals. Tigers did not disperse across cultivated areas but did travel through degraded forest habitat. No animal dispersed outside the Chitwan region and there appear to be effective barriers separating Chitwan from the two nearest populations 150 and 250 kms distant. The Chitwan population is probably one of the largest tiger populations remaining in the world. Isolation and small size threaten these populations with stochastic events that may lead to further reduction in population size.

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