Influence of assembly procesS condition of A gantry crane on the corrosion resistance of welds

The article presents an analysis of the manufacturing process of gantry crane elements in the unit production regime. Gantry cranes are one of the most important heavy-duty mechanical components designed for lifting and loading heavy and bulky loads. In the analyzed case, the assembly of large-size elements in the form of a welding process was carried out outside. Therefore, there was a problem with the corrosion resistance of the elements produced in this way. In this article, special attention is paid to the performance of welded joints of such large elements and their disadvantages related to the conditions of the assembly process. These joints were made on the basis of typical, low-carbon structural steel (grade S355J2, steel with the number 1.0562) and Nickel alloy (Alloy 59, X2CrNiMoCuN22-5-3, steel with the number 2.4605) using the metal electrode. The weldability of investigated joints was assessed. The aim of the article is to analyze the influence of assembly conditions and subsequent corrosion protection of joints on their corrosion resistance under operating conditions. Appropriate tests have been carried out for this purpose. The tests showed the negative influence of external conditions on the corrosion resistance of the entire gantry crane structure.

Beyond Comparativism

This article critiques Esping-Andersen’s class-based theory of welfare regimes, demonstrating that the theory’s scope conditions are not fulfilled by the Israeli case during the country’s first three decades. It traces the transition of Israel’s welfare regime and the consolidation of its welfare state in the 1970s. Based on historical analysis, the article points out two incongruities between Esping-Andersen’s theory scope conditions and the case of Israel. Further, it argues that the transformation of Israel’s welfare regime can be better explained by institutional historical theories that highlight the impact of the production regime on welfare and the significance of conflicts between high-skilled and lowskilled workers.

Impact of Short-Term Emission Control Measures on Air Quality in Nanjing During the Jiangsu Development Summit

This study analyzed the effectiveness of temporary emission control measures on air quality of Nanjing, China during the Jiangsu Development Summit (JDS). We employed a regional chemistry model WRF-Chem to simulate air pollutants in Nanjing and compared the results to surface observations and satellite retrievals. During the JDS, air pollutant emissions from industry and transportation sectors largely decreased by 50–67% due to the short-term emission control measures such as reducing coal combustions, shutting down factories, and partially limiting traffic. Benefiting from the emission control, the simulated concentrations of PM2.5, NO2, SO2, CO and VOCs in Nanjing decreased by 17%, 20%, 20%, 19%, and 15% respectively, consistent with the surface and satellite observations. However, both the observed and simulated O3 increased by 3–48% during the JDS, which was mainly due to the remarkable NOx emission reduction (26%) in the downtown of Nanjing where the O3 production regime was mainly VOC-controlled. In addition, the atmospheric oxidation capacity and further the sulfur oxidation ratio, were facilitated by the elevated O3, which led to variable mitigation efficiencies of different secondary PM2.5 compositions. Our study offers an opportunity for understanding the coordinated control of PM2.5 and O3 in typical city clusters, and can provide implications for future mitigation actions.

Glokalisierung und Feminisierung: Zur strukturellen Krise von Lohnarbeit im europäischen Raum

The article discusses the glocalized socio-spatial form of European production as socially crisis-ridden. Combining literature from transnational production network theory, critical political economy, labour process theory and feminist geography the article shows that a European production regime has developed which is based on the transnationalization of economic and competitive parameters on the one hand and multiscalar social fragmentation of labour processes on the other. Its very logic is, hence, functional economic integration based on labour's socio-spatial disintegration. The regime pushes for what we can call the feminization of work because it systematically cuts the former, patriarchal and uneven connection between waged work and socio-political integration. As feminist debates show, progressive perspectives have to be transnational and multiscalar and they have to include fundamental questions about the concept and status of work in society.

Step-wise uncertainty reduction in time-lapse seismic interpretation using multi-attribute analysis

Recently, time-lapse seismic (4D seismic) has been steadily used to demonstrate the relation between field depletion and 4D seismic response, subsequently to have more efficient field management. A key component of the reservoir monitoring is the knowledge of fluid movement and pressure variations. This information is vital to assist infill drillings and a trustworthy source to update reservoir models, consequently improving model-based reservoir management and decision-making process. However, in practice the 4D seismic interpretation of reservoirs with multipart production regime possesses ambiguities through different levels of uncertainty. Complex nature of some 4D seismic signals emphasizes the roles of competing effects, geology, rock and fluid interactions. Hence, a reliable 4D interpretation requires an interdisciplinary approach entailing data analysis and insights from geophysics, engineering and geology. In this research, a step-wise workflow was introduced to reduce uncertainties in the 4D seismic interpretation and provide diagnoses to perform better reservoir surveillance. In parallel, the workflow expresses the use of engineering data analysis to conduct a consistent interpretation and encompasses the 3D and 4D seismic attributes with engineering data analysis. This study is implemented in a Brazilian heavy-oil offshore field where production started in 2013. The field experienced intense production activity up to 2016, making the deep-water field an ideal candidate to explore the challenges in interpreting complex 4D signals. Beyond these challenges, significant understanding of reservoir behavior is obtained and suggestions are made to improve the reservoir simulation model, which could support reservoir engineers with data assimilation applications.

Ethnographic Study on Changing Regime of Milk Production in Nepal

Agriculture as a by-birth gift to most Nepalese people is the main pillar of the national economy. The milk production system is one of the main segments of Nepalese agriculture. Its regime merely has been providing approximately nine per cent contributions to the national economy. The farming activities of farmers that have been described in this study were not an isolated discourse. This study seeks to find push and pull factors in the milk production regime. Several shreds of evidence and genuine information were described by the respondents about the milk production regime. Using the agrarian and social lenses in this ethnographic work, phenomenological data from nine respondents were collected to examine the existing practice of milk production. This study reflects on the poor condition of milk producers, though they have adopted dairy farms as a strategy of living. The dairy farm has still been a household strategy for rural farmers. It has also been a good local business for income generation and improvement of the socio-economic life of local farmers.

Stationary distributions and metastable behaviour for self-regulating proteins with general lifetime distributions

Regulatory molecules such as transcription factors are often present at relatively small copy numbers in living cells. The copy number of a particular molecule fluctuates in time due to the random occurrence of production and degradation reactions. Here we consider a stochastic model for a self-regulating transcription factor whose lifespan (or time till degradation) follows a general distribution modelled as per a multidimensional phase-type process. We show that at steady state the protein copy-number distribution is the same as in a one-dimensional model with exponentially distributed lifetimes. This invariance result holds only if molecules are produced one at a time: we provide explicit counterexamples in the bursty production regime. Additionally, we consider the case of a bistable genetic switch constituted by a positively autoregulating transcription factor. The switch alternately resides in states of up- and downregulation and generates bimodal protein distributions. In the context of our invariance result, we investigate how the choice of lifetime distribution affects the rates of metastable transitions between the two modes of the distribution. The phase-type model, being non-linear and multi-dimensional whilst possessing an explicit stationary distribution, provides a valuable test example for exploring dynamics in complex biological systems.

Simulation of a gas-condensate mixture passing through a porous medium in depletion mode

One of important tasks in a development of gas-condensate fields is to minimize hydrocarbons loss arising from the gas condensation in pores of the gas-bearing layer. The search for the optimal gas production regime is carried out both on the basis of laboratory experiments and on the base of computer simulation. In this regard, the relevant is the verification of the constructed mathematical models by means of comparison of numerical results with experimental data obtained on the laboratory models of a hydrocarbon reservoirs. Within the classical approach on the basis of the Darcy law and the law continuity for flows, the model is formulated that describes the passing a multicomponent gas-condensate mixture through a porous medium in the depletion mode. The numerical solution of the corresponding system of nonlinear partial differential equations is implemented on the basis of the combined use of the C++ programming language and the Maple software. Shown that the approach used provides an agreement of results of numerical simulations with experimental data on the dynamics of hydrocarbon recoverability depending on the pressure obtained at VNIIGAZ, Ukhta.

Simulation of a gas-condensate mixture passing through a porous medium in depletion mode

One of important tasks in a development of gas-condensate fields is to minimize hydrocarbons loss arising from the gas condensation in pores of the gas-bearing layer. The search for the optimal gas production regime is carried out both on the basis of laboratory experiments and on the base of computer simulation. In this regard, the relevant is the verification of the constructed mathematical models by means of comparison of numerical results with experimental data obtained on the laboratory models of a hydrocarbon reservoirs. Within the classical approach on the basis of the Darcy law and the law continuity for flows, the model is formulated that describes the passing a multicomponent gas-condensate mixture through a porous medium in the depletion mode. The numerical solution of the corresponding system of nonlinear partial differential equations is implemented on the basis of the combined use of the C++ programming language and the Maple software. Shown that the approach used provides an agreement of results of numerical simulations with experimental data on the dynamics of hydrocarbon recoverability depending on the pressure obtained at VNIIGAZ, Ukhta.

Simulation of a gas-condensate mixture passing through a porous medium in depletion mode

One of important tasks in a development of gas-condensate fields is to minimize hydrocarbons loss arising from the gas condensation in pores of the gas-bearing layer. The search for the optimal gas production regime is carried out both on the basis of laboratory experiments and on the base of computer simulation. In this regard, the relevant is the verification of the constructed mathematical models by means of comparison of numerical results with experimental data obtained on the laboratory models of a hydrocarbon reservoirs. Within the classical approach on the basis of the Darcy law and the law continuity for flows, the model is formulated that describes the passing a multicomponent gas-condensate mixture through a porous medium in the depletion mode. The numerical solution of the corresponding system of nonlinear partial differential equations is implemented on the basis of the combined use of the C++ programming language and the Maple software. Shown that the approach used provides an agreement of results of numerical simulations with experimental data on the dynamics of hydrocarbon recoverability depending on the pressure obtained at VNIIGAZ, Ukhta.