The Diffusion and Circulation of Marxism in the Periphery: Mariátegui and Dependency Theory

2021 ◽  
pp. 0094582X2110373
Author(s):  
Deni Alfaro Rubbo
Keyword(s):  
Insufficient Evidence ◽  
Dependency Theory ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

Examination of the diffusion of the work of José Carlos Mariátegui (1894–1930) among Brazilian social scientists exiled to Chile during the 1960s and 1970s shows that, despite their significant contact with it, there was no discussion of it in the main works of the dependency theorists, and therefore there is insufficient evidence to declare it a precursor of that theory. O exame da difusão da obra de José Carlos Mariátegui (1894–1930) entre os cientistas sociais brasileiros exilados no Chile durante as décadas de 1960 e 1970 mostra que, apesar de seu contato significativo com o país, não foi discutido nas principais obras da teóricos da dependência e, portanto, não há evidências suficientes para declará-lo um precursor dessa teoria.

The case for reinvigorating quality of working life research

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gudela Grote ◽  
David Guest
Keyword(s):  
Working Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Policy Advocacy ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Quality Of Working Life ◽  
Normative Approach ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

The quality of working life became an important topic in the 1960s and 1970s, helping to stimulate an early approach to evidence-based policy advocacy drawing on interdisciplinary research by social scientists. Over the years it fell out of the limelight but much relevant, albeit fragmented, research has continued. We present a case for rekindling an integrated and normative approach to quality of working life research as one means of promoting workers’ well-being and emancipation. We outline an updated classification of the characteristics of quality of working life and a related analytic framework. We illustrate how research and practice will benefit from following this renewed quality of working life framework, using work design as an example. Concluding, we aim to stimulate debate on the necessity and benefits of rebuilding a quality of working life agenda for marrying academic rigour and practical relevance in order to support interventions aimed at fostering worker emancipation and well-being.

Localising the Social: The Rediscovery of Urban Poverty in Western European ‘Affluent Societies’

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTIANE REINECKE
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Social Deprivation ◽  
Urban Poverty ◽  
West Germany ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Apparent Paradox ◽  
Urban Problem ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

AbstractConcentrating on the production of knowledge of poverty and homelessness, this article discusses how particular spatial settings influenced the construction of social problems in the 1960s and 1970s. Exploring the practices of three kinds of knowledge producers – social scientists in academic circles, ‘practitionerscumactivists’ engaging in advocacy research and experts in governmental committees – the analysis focuses on the early stages of a rediscovery of poverty in Western Europe as it was debated in international fora as well as in West Germany and France. It shows that the way in which poverty was represented as a new challenge to Western ‘affluent societies’ was in many respects an urban story, as the ongoing housing crisis and newly defined problem areas served as major points of reference for the revived interest in social deprivation. Moreover, urban actors – locally active NGOs and municipal authorities – played a preeminent role in launching debates on the apparent paradox of poverty in affluence. With their own work often grounded in particular urban problem zones, many contemporary observers tended to spatialise poverty. For them, poverty was bound to particular places; it was an exceptional sphere that helped generate a particular behaviour that made it difficult for ‘the poor’ to rise. While a growing part of the population had access to housing of a standard previously reserved to the middle class and had become able to choose where to live, life in peripheral shantytowns or dilapidated inner cities became the ultimate signifier of a social position beyond the established class structure.

Reconstructing American Studies: Transnational Paradoxes, Comparative Perspectives

1994 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Giles
Keyword(s):  
American Studies ◽  
Academic Discipline ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Virgin Land ◽  
American Values ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
Popular Subject ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
American Adam

While American Studies continues to be a popular subject in universities and colleges on both sides of the Atlantic, several influential critics have recently expressed some sense that its methodological direction appears increasingly uncertain. To be sure, there never was a time when this field's methodology has not been problematic: arguments about what American Studies should include, and indeed whether its eclectic narratives could reasonably be said to constitute an academic discipline at all, have circulated many times since the rapid growth of the subject in the late 1940s. This development has been well documented over the last few years. Philip Gleason has shown how the end of the Second World War led to a patriotic desire to identify certain specifically American values and characteristics; this led to various mythic idealizations of the American spirit in seminal critical works of the 1950s; and this in turn was followed by a more empiricist reaction in the 1960s and 1970s, when social scientists and historians of popular culture were concerned to demystify those earlier, holistic images of a “virgin land” and an “American Adam.” These are old controversies, and I do not intend to rehearse them in detail here. From the perspective of the early 1990s, what is more urgent is to consider how, or indeed if, the field of American Studies might continue to make an important contribution to our understanding of the United States, as well as a significant intervention within the world of learning more generally.

Forced Justice

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
David J. Armor
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
School Desegregation ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Educational Choices ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Minority Children ◽  
Public School Systems ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

School desegregation and "forced" busing first brought people to the barricades during the 1960s and 1970s, and the idea continues to spark controversy today whenever it is proposed. A quiet rage smolders in hundreds of public school systems, where court- ordered busing plans have been in place for over twenty years. Intended to remedy the social and educational disadvantages of minorities, desegregation policy has not produced any appreciable educational gains, while its political and social costs have been considerable. Now, on the fortieth anniversary of the Supreme Court's epic decision, Brown v. Board of Education, the legal and social justifications for school desegregation are ripe for reexamination. In Forced Justice, David J. Armor explores the benefits and drawbacks of voluntary and involuntary desegregation plans, especially those in communities with "magnet" schools. He finds that voluntary plans, which let parents decide which school program is best for their children, are just as effective in attaining long-term desegregation as mandatory busing, and that these plans generate far greater community support. Armor concludes by proposing a new policy of "equity" choice, which draws upon the best features of both the desegregation and choice movements. This policy promises both improved desegregation and greater educational choices for all, especially for the disadvantaged minority children in urban systems who now have the fewest educational choices. The debate over desegregation policy and its many consequences needs to move beyond academic journals and courtrooms to a larger audience. In addition to educators and policymakers, Forced Justice will be an important book for social scientists, attorneys and specialists in civil rights issues, and all persons concerned about the state of public education.

Probing the Deep: Theory and History

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy Beadie
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital Theory ◽  
Social Scientists ◽  
Causal Account ◽  
Capital Theory ◽  
Narrative History ◽  
History Of ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
Early Republican ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Hayden White

Professor Tamura, in her paper “Narrative History and Theory,” poses an issue with which I have lately wrestled. She reviews, first of all, some of the challenges to the tradition of narrative history presented by “social-scientifically oriented historians” like Fernand Braudel and “analytic philosophers” like Hayden White in the 1960s and 1970s, and then goes on to note that more recently, a turn to narrative among social scientists and a use of theory by historians suggests the possibility of combining narrative and theory in historical work. Overall, Professor Tamura expresses a sanguine view of the prospects for such integration. While narrative “provides a causal account and allows us to relive events,” theory “allows us to analyze more effectively the forces that are beneath the surface.” My own efforts to write a history of education in the early Republican era that moves back and forth between telling the stories of ordinary people and using social capital theory to analyze the place of schooling in larger patterns of social, economic, and political change, lead me to share Professor Tamura's interest in the possibilities, and at the same time to identify some of the challenges, of such work.

The 'Catastrophic Consciousness of Backwardness': Culture and Dependency Theory in Latin America and the Caribbean

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (103) ◽  
pp. 113-133
Author(s):  
Michael Niblett
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Dependency Theory ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
Economic Analyses ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
A Site ◽  
Political Economic

This article examines the relationship between economic and cultural dependency. Its analysis is framed by Enrique Dussel's methodological insistence on the international transfer of surplus value as the essence of dependency. Beginning with an examination of the heyday of classical dependency theory in Latin America and the Caribbean in the 1960s and 1970s, the article moves on to consider the increasing importance accorded culture as a site of power and struggle, focusing on the work of Sylvia Wynter. The second half of the article turns to the literary registration of dependency. Arguing that literary works can provide a barometric reading of the pressures of underdevelopment in advance of political-economic analyses, I consider Patrícia Galvão's Parque Industrial (1933) and Olive Senior's 'Boxed-In' (2015). Published, respectively, some forty years either side of the heyday of dependency theory, these paradigmatic fictions are examples of both the diagnostic and active role of literature in responding to the depredations of dependency.

Dependency Theory in the Academic Self-Reports of the Brasília Group

2021 ◽  
pp. 0094582X2110367
Author(s):  
Claudia Wasserman
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Dependency Theory ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S

A group of Brazilian writers—Ruy Mauro Marini, Theotônio dos Santos, and Vânia Bambirra—met in Brasilia in the 1960s and 1970s and produced, predominantly in exile, theories about the reality of Latin America and the periphery. In the 1980s, with the amnesty, the group returned to Brazil and confronted a hostile atmosphere in the academy. Analysis of these writers’ trajectories based on the academic self-reports they produced in the 1990s for admission or reentry into Brazilian universities addresses their views of the 1964 coup, exile, and the return to Brazil after the amnesty, the identity assigned to the group, and the controversy over the authorship of dependency theory. Um grupo de autores brasileiros—Rui Mauro Marini, Theotônio dos Santos e Vânia Bambirra—reuniu-se em Brasília e nos anos 1960 e 1970 e produziu, predominantemente no exílio, teorias acerca da realidade latino-americana e periférica. Nos anos 1980, com a anistia, o grupo retornou ao Brasil e foi hostilizado na academia. Um analisis da trajetória dos autores a partir de seus memoriais acadêmicos elaborados nos anos 1990 para ingresso ou reingresso nas universidades brasileiras abordam as visões a respeito do golpe de 1964, o exílio e o retorno depois da anistia, as denominações atribuídas ao grupo, e as polêmicas em torno da paternidade da teoria da dependência.

scholarly journals Dependency: an inhibitor to the Irish case for corporate social responsibility

2020 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-201
Author(s):  
Ciara Hackett
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Social Responsibility ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Dependency Theory ◽  
Global Capital ◽  
The Core ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
Irish Case ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Corporate Social

This paper addresses the potential resurgence of the post-imperial 'dependency theory' of the 1960s and 1970s. Suggesting that the initial premise of the theory was just, the article proposes the reworking of the theory in order to incorporate globalisation processes, namely the importance of global capital generated by multi national corporations. Considering that capital is now at the 'core', leads to the idea of a much wider catchment of states 'dependent' on global capital. Using Ireland as an example, this article pursues the idea that a dependent state’s ability to implement corporate social responsibility legislation is inhibited by the constraints of capital.

Ken Russell's Wartime Imagery

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin M. Flanagan
Keyword(s):  
Second World War ◽  
World War ◽  
War Films ◽  
Personal Style ◽  
American Cinema ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Second World ◽  
Wartime Experience ◽  
National Experience

This article traces Ken Russell's explorations of war and wartime experience over the course of his career. In particular, it argues that Russell's scattered attempts at coming to terms with war, the rise of fascism and memorialisation are best understood in terms of a combination of Russell's own tastes and personal style, wider stylistic and thematic trends in Euro-American cinema during the 1960s and 1970s, and discourses of collective national experience. In addition to identifying Russell's recurrent techniques, this article focuses on how the residual impacts of the First and Second World Wars appear in his favoured genres: literary adaptations and composer biopics. Although the article looks for patterns and similarities in Russell's war output, it differentiates between his First and Second World War films by indicating how he engages with, and temporarily inhabits, the stylistic regime of the enemy within the latter group.

Mind Bending, Mental Seduction and Menticide: Brainwashing in British Spy Dramas of the 1960s

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Burton
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Thought Control ◽  
Cultural Contexts ◽  
Scientific Background ◽  
Mind Control ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Cold War ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Cultural Fantasy

Brainwashing assumed the proportions of a cultural fantasy during the Cold War period. The article examines the various political, scientific and cultural contexts of brainwashing, and proceeds to a consideration of the place of mind control in British spy dramas made for cinema and television in the 1960s and 1970s. Particular attention is given to the films The Mind Benders (1963) and The Ipcress File (1965), and to the television dramas Man in a Suitcase (1967–8), The Prisoner (1967–8) and Callan (1967–81), which gave expression to the anxieties surrounding thought-control. Attention is given to the scientific background to the representations of brainwashing, and the significance of spy scandals, treasons and treacheries as a distinct context to the appearance of brainwashing on British screens.

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