Geo History, Thermal History and Hydrocarbon Generation History of the Northern North Sea Basin

1987 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-355 ◽  
Author(s):  
Song Cao ◽  
Ian Lerche
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Flow ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Thermal History ◽  
Hydrocarbon Exploration ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation ◽  
Similar Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Northern North Sea

A one-dimensional, fluid flow/compaction model has been developed for petroleum explorationists to make quantitative studies of sedimentary basins. The following results can be obtained from the model: (1) basement subsidence (sediment load and tectonic effect); (2) structural evolution; (3) determination of erosion thickness of an unconformity; (4) changes of porosity, permeability, fluid flow rate and pore pressure with time and depth; (5) heat flow history; (6) temperature change with time and depth; (7) the value of thermal maturity indicators which change with time and depth; (8) hydrocarbon generation history including time and depth of peak hydrocarbon generation; and (9) prediction of possible directions of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation with time. The model is applicable to both frontier basins where only a few wells have been drilled and also to well-developed basins. The input data for the model are based mainly on commonly used geological and geochemical data from one well in a frontier basin or on similar data from many wells in a well-developed basin. Fifty-eight wells in the northern North Sea Basin have been used to reconstruct the geohistory, thermal history and hydrocarbon generation and migration history of the northern North Sea. The results accurately conformed to the well data, allowing determination of hydrocarbon generation amounts, migration times and accumulation sites, which are helpful for further hydrocarbon exploration in the northern North Sea Basin.

scholarly journals Thermal and maturation history for Carboniferous source rocks in the Junggar Basin, Northwest China: implications for hydrocarbon exploration

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Hu ◽  
Song Rao ◽  
Zhu-Ting Wang ◽  
Sheng-Biao Hu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flow ◽  
Thermal History ◽  
Thermal State ◽  
Junggar Basin ◽  
Hydrocarbon Exploration ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation ◽  
Early Maturation ◽  
Hydrocarbon Maturation ◽  
History Of

AbstractThe reconstruction of thermal history is an important component of basin evolution and hydrocarbon exploration. Based on vitrinite reflectance data, we integrate the paleo-temperature gradient and paleo-heat flow methods to reconstruct the thermal history of Junggar Basin. Compared with present thermal state, the Junggar Basin experienced much a higher heat flow of ca. 80–120 mW/m2 during the Carboniferous. This feature can be attributed to large-scale volcanic events and related thermal effects. The hydrocarbon maturation history of Carboniferous source rocks indicates that the temperature rapidly reached the threshold of hydrocarbon generation during the Late Carboniferous and has never achieved such a high level since then. This characteristic resulted in the early maturation of hydrocarbons in Carboniferous source rocks. Meanwhile, the results reveal that hydrocarbon maturities are different among various tectonic units in Junggar Basin. The kerogen either rapidly broke through the dry gas period so that cracking of gas occurred or remained in the oil maturation window forming oil reservoirs, which depended on the tectonic background and depositional environment. In this study, we present the thermal and hydrocarbon maturation history since the Carboniferous, which has important implications for further hydrocarbon exploration in Junggar Basin.

GEOLOGY, SOURCE ROCKS AND HYDROCARBON GENERATION IN THE CLARENCE-MORETON BASIN

1982 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
A. R. Martin ◽  
J. D. Saxby
Keyword(s):  
Vitrinite Reflectance ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Geochemical Data ◽  
Hydrocarbon Potential ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation ◽  
Tectonic Events ◽  
History Of ◽  
Rock Eval ◽  
Coal Measures ◽  
Migration Pathways

The geology and exploration history of the Triassic-Cretaceous Clarence-Moreton Basin are reviewed. Consideration of new geochemical data ('Rock-Eval', vitrinite reflectance, gas chromatography of extracts, organic carbon and elemental analysis of coals and kerogens) gives further insights into the hydrocarbon potential of the basin. Although organic-rich rocks are relatively abundant, most source rocks that have achieved the levels of maturation necessary for hydrocarbon generation are gas-prone. The exinite-rich oil-prone Walloon Coal Measures are in most parts relatively immature. Some restraints on migration pathways are evident and igneous and tectonic events may have disturbed potentially well-sealed traps. Further exploration is warranted, even though the basin appears gas-prone and the overall prospects for hydrocarbons are only fair. The most promising areas seem to be west of Toowoomba for oil and the Clarence Syncline for gas.

Clay mineral distribution and provenance in Mesozoic and Tertiary mudrocks of the Moray Firth and northern North Sea

Clay Minerals ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
North Sea ◽  
Volcanic Activity ◽  
Volcanic Material ◽  
The North ◽  
Moray Firth ◽  
History Of ◽  
The North Sea ◽  
Northern North Sea ◽  
And Control

AbstractClay mineral abundances in Mesozoic and Tertiary argillaceous strata from 15 exploration wells in the Inner and Outer Moray Firth, Viking Graben and East Shetland Basins of the northern North Sea have been determined in <0·2 µm fractions of cuttings samples. The clay assemblages of more deeply-buried samples cannot be unambiguously related to sedimentary input because of the diagenetic overprint which may account for much of the chlorite and related interstratified minerals. Other sediments, discussed on a regional basis and related to the geological history of the basins, are interpreted in terms of clay mineral provenance and control by climate, tectonic and volcanic activity. The distribution of illite-smectite can often be related to volcanic activity both in the Forties area during the M. Jurassic, and on the NE Atlantic continental margin during the U. Cretaceous-Early Tertiary which affected the North Sea more widely and left a prominent record in the Viking Graben and East Shetland Basin. Kaolinite associated with lignite-bearing sediments in the Outer Moray Firth Basin was probably derived by alteration of volcanic material in lagoonal or deltaic environments. Some U. Jurassic and L. Cretaceous sediments of the Inner Moray Basin are rich in illite-smectite, the origin of which is not clear.

The history and future of North Sea oil and gas: an environmental perspective

1987 ◽  
Vol 316 (1181) ◽  
pp. 487-493 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
North Sea ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
The North ◽  
History Of ◽  
Assessment Techniques ◽  
Northern North Sea ◽  
Construction Operation ◽  
Biological Environment

The history of the development of the hydrocarbon resources of the North Sea is reviewed in an environmental context. The development of impact assessment techniques and practices and the evolution of monitoring of the physical, chemical and biological environment offshore and onshore, with reference to platforms, subsea pipelines, pipeline landfalls and terminal construction and operation is discussed. A brief account of the development of environmental protection management practices and their application to the design, construction, operation and management of major production projects follows. The paper concludes with a look at the environmental conditions likely to be established as the industry moves into the northern North Sea and areas such as the West Shetland Basin, and their significance for the petroleum industry.

An assessment of results obtained from Mössbauer spectra of lunar samples

1977 ◽  
Vol 285 (1327) ◽  
pp. 235-240 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal History ◽  
Major Constituent ◽  
Iron Particles ◽  
Surface Layers ◽  
Significant Evidence ◽  
Geological Features ◽  
Lunar Samples ◽  
History Of ◽  
Detailed Determination

Most of the minerals on the Moon’s surface contain iron as a major constituent, and this enables them to be examined by Mossbauer spectroscopy. The advantages and limitations of this technique for examining lunar samples will be briefly mentioned, before reviewing the results so far obtained on material returned by the Apollo and Luna missions. By far the greatest proportion of iron is present as Fe(II) or Fe(0), and no appreciable concentration of Fe(III) has been observed. The relative amounts of iron-containing minerals at the various lunar sites have been determined and related to the lunar geological features. The more detailed determination of the distribution of iron between the M1 and M2 sites in pyroxene minerals leads to information on the thermal history of the rocks. Likewise the presence of superparamagnetic iron particles within the surface layers of some of the soil particles provides significant evidence concerning their origin and subsequent history.

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