Effects of the ω-6:ω-3 Fatty Acid Ratio of Fat Emulsions on the Fatty Acid Composition in Cell Membranes and the Anti-Inflammatory Action

2010 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akifumi Hagi ◽  
Mitsuo Nakayama ◽  
Wataru Shinzaki ◽  
Seiji Haji ◽  
Harumasa Ohyanagi
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Cell Membranes ◽  
Fatty Acid Ratio ◽  
Fat Emulsions ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Action

scholarly journals Maternal dietary 22: 6n-3 is more effective than 18: 3n-3 in increasing the 22: 6n-3 content in phospholipids of glial cells from neonatal rat brain

2005 ◽  
Vol 93 (5) ◽  
pp. 601-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raffick A. R. Bowen ◽  
Michael T. Clandinin
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Glial Cell ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Fatty Acid Ratio ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
Rat Pups ◽  
Acid Ratio

One of the debates in infant nutrition concerns whether dietary 18: 3n-3 (linolenic acid) can provide for the accretion of 22: 6 n-3 (docosahexaenoic acid, DHA) in neonatal tissues. The objective of the present study was to determine whether low or high 18: 3 n-3 v. preformed 22: 6 n-3 in the maternal diet enabled a similar 22: 6 n-3 content in the phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI) and phosphatidylserine (PS) of glial cells from whole brain (cerebrum and cerebellum) of 2-week-old rat pups. At parturition, the dams were fed semi-purified diets containing either increasing amounts of 18: 3 n-3 (18: 2 n-6 to 18: 3 n-3 fatty acid ratio of 7·8: 1, 4·4: 1 or 1: 1), preformed DHA, or preformed 20: 4 n-6 (arachidonic acid)+DHA. During the first 2 weeks of life, the rat pups from the respective dams received only their dam's milk. The fatty acid composition of the pups' stomach contents (dam's milk) and phospholipids from glial cells were quantified. The 20: 4n-6 and 22: 6 n-3 content in the stomach from rat pups at 2 weeks of age reflected the fatty acid composition of the dam's diet. The 20: 4n-6 content of PE and PS in the glial cells was unaffected by maternal diet treatments. Preformed 22: 6 n-3 in the maternal diet increased the 22: 6 n-3 content of glial cell PE and PS compared with maternal diets providing an 18: 2n-6 to 18: 3 n-3 fatty acid ratio of 7·8: 1, 4·4: 1 or 1: 1 (P<0·0001). There was no significant difference in the 20: 4 n-6 and 22: 6 n-3 content of glial cell PC and PI among maternal diet treatments. It was concluded that maternal dietary 22: 6n-3 is more effective than low or high levels of maternal dietary 18: 3 n-3 at increasing the 22: 6 n-3 content in PE and PS of glial cells from the whole brain of rat pups at 2 weeks of age. The findings from the present study have important implications for human infants fed infant formulas that are devoid of 22: 6 n-3.

Effects on animal performance and fat composition of two fat concentrates in diets for growing-fattening bulls

1991 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 315-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Clinquart ◽  
L. Istasse ◽  
I. Dufrasne ◽  
A. Mayombo ◽  
C. van Eenaeme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Ratio ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Soya Oil ◽  
Perirenal Fat

AbstractTwo experiments were carried out with growing-fattening bulls, offered a fattening diet based on concentrate and supplemented with soya oil or steam-flaked linseed. Soya oil (200 g/kg) was mixed with middlings (800 g/kg). Linseed (500 g/kg) and whole barley (500 g/kg) were steam flaked. The fat incorporation resulted in an increase of the ether extract content from 26·5 g/kg dry matter to about 45 g/kg. The incorporation of soya oil increased the average daily gain (P> 0·05). The saturated: unsaturated fatty acid ratio was reduced in perirenal fat due to an increase of oleic acid and a reduction of stearic acid. The inclusion of steam-treated linseed resulted in a lower slaughter weight (P< 0·05) and a shorter fattening period (P> 0·05). The fatty acid composition of perirenal fat was affected significantly: the concentrations of oleic, linoleic and linolenic acid were increased and the concentrations of myristic, palmitic and stearic acids were reduced. This resulted in a reduced saturated: unsaturated fatty acid ratio.In a third experiment, samples of the two fat concentrates were incubated in nylon bags in the rumen. The ether extract disappearance was high with both concentrates. Furthermore, the fatty acid composition was altered to a large extent for soya oil while large proportions of unsaturated fatty acids were still present with steam-flaked linseed.

scholarly journals Dietary (n-6 : n-3) Fatty Acids Alter Plasma and Tissue Fatty Acid Composition in Pregnant Sprague Dawley Rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira Abdulbari Kassem ◽  
Md Zuki Abu Bakar ◽  
Goh Yong Meng ◽  
Noordin Mohamed Mustapha
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid Ratio ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Pregnant Rat ◽  
Tissue Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Tissue Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Ratio

The objective of this paper is to study the effects of varying dietary levels ofn-6 : n-3fatty acid ratio on plasma and tissue fatty acid composition in rat. The treatment groups included control rats fed chow diet only, rats fed 50% soybean oil (SBO): 50% cod liver oil (CLO) (1 : 1), 84% SBO: 16% CLO (6 : 1), 96% SBO: 4% CLO (30 : 1). Blood samples were taken at day 15 of pregnancy, and the plasma and tissue were analyzed for fatty acid profile. Then-3PUFA in plasma of Diet 1 : 1 group was significantly higher than the other diet groups, while the totaln-6PUFA in plasma was significantly higher in Diet 30 : 1 group as compared to the control and Diet 1 : 1 groups. The Diet 1 : 1 group showed significantly greater percentages of totaln-3PUFA and docosahexaenoic acid in adipose and liver tissue, and this clearly reflected the contribution ofn-3fatty acids from CLO. The totaln-6PUFA, linoleic acid, and arachidonic acid were significantly difference in Diet 30 : 1 as compared to Diet 1 : 1 and control group. These results demonstrated that the dietary ratio ofn-6 : n-3fatty acid ratio significantly affected plasma and tissue fatty acids profile in pregnant rat.

Temperature-induced differences in growth rate and fatty acid composition in two strains of Escherichia coli 15T−

1978 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1277-1280
Author(s):  
John L. Crowe ◽  
James E. Urban
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Growth Temperature ◽  
Doubling Time ◽  
Fatty Acid Ratio ◽  
Acid Ratio

The saturated/unsaturated fatty acid ratio of Escherichia coli 15T− decreases almost threefold as growth temperature decreases from 43 to 27 °C, whereas the ratio of a fast-growing mutant derived from 15T− changes only half as much. Strain 15T− experiences a 2.4-fold change in doubling time across this temperature range, but doubling time in the mutant changes 3.3-fold.

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