Emotional Labor and Professionalism: Finding Balance at the Local Level

2021 ◽  
pp. 0160323X2110488
Author(s):  
Nicole M. Humphrey
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Emotional Labor ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Emotional Behavior ◽  
Emotional Competencies ◽  
Individual Social Capital ◽  
Display Rule

When examining emotions and professionalism, scholars have questioned how these concepts can coexist. Using ten interviews with local administrators, this exploratory study suggests that emotions and professionalism are interrelated—to be professional, an administrator must be skilled in emotional labor. Specifically, professionalism acts as a display rule regulating the emotional behavior of employees. An employee's ability to meet this display rule impacts their individual social capital, along with experiences of emotional contagion from other organizational members. By connecting emotional labor to professionalism, these findings suggest that the emotional competencies of local administrators should receive greater emphasis in professional training programs.

scholarly journals The Multilevel Mechanism of Multifoci Service Orientation on Emotional Labor: Based on the Chinese Hospitality Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (12) ◽  
pp. 4314
Author(s):  
Yong Yang ◽  
Fan Yang ◽  
Jingzhu Cao ◽  
Bo Feng
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Emotional Labor ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Service Orientation ◽  
Deep Acting ◽  
Organizational Social Capital ◽  
Service Companies ◽  
Individual Social Capital ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Individual Service

Emotional labor exerts a significant impact on employees’ physical and mental health as a unique form of labor. This study aims to explore the multilevel mechanism of multifoci service orientation on emotional labor from the social capital perspective. Through a multistage survey of managers and employees of 31 hospitality service companies in China, we obtained a valid sample of 31 business managers and 760 employees from hotel, restaurant, and tourism. Using Statistical analytical tools, the results revealed that organizational service orientation and individual service orientation enhanced individual social capital, which promoted employees’ deep acting and exerted a partial mediation effect on the correlation between individual service orientation and deep acting. Besides, individual social capital exerted a partial mediation effect on the relationship between organizational service orientation and deep acting. At the organizational level, organizational service orientation positively affected organizational social capital; and organizational social capital positively affected aggregate deep acting. The study results provide theoretical guidance for service companies to enhance employees’ well-being.

Social trust, norms and morality

Human Affairs ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Popper
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Dynamic Change ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Legal Norms ◽  
Increased Sensitivity ◽  
The Individual

AbstractThe article approaches the topic of social trust from an evolutionary perspective. It begins by summarising the most influential approaches that have defined specific and social trust and ascertains what causes differences in degrees of trust and how the potential risk of deception might be lowered. It then notes that the basis of morality had already been formed during the era of prehistoric man, who was able to create coalitions against aggressors and to socially control the behaviour of deviants. It points out, however, that having a certain predisposition to behaving cooperatively or an increased sensitivity to recognising and not tolerating behaviour aimed at abusing cooperation is not a sufficient guarantee of the fact that people will always (or at least in the majority of situations) favour cooperation over deception. One of the reasons for this is a tendency to favour short-term gains over long-term ones. The article argues that establishing norms (moral, social and legal) produces a higher level of social trust because it not only “encourages” individuals to behave in certain ways in particular situations but also works as a sanction which “discourages” the individual from socially deviant behaviour. The article then focuses on a debate about the causal relationship between social trust and social capital. It discusses the suggestion that political institutions, government and the judiciary may reduce rather than raise levels of social capital and consequently also the level of social trust. This is partly because of their powerful position and the consequent scope for corruption and partly because of the fact that even when attempting to act honestly, representatives of these institutions cannot sufficiently reflect upon dynamic change at the local level. Finally, the article ends by adopting the position that social trust is built primarily from bottom up and so it is risky to continually doubt the very existence and usefulness of social norms and morality and to be governed simply by legal norms.

scholarly journals Individual social capital and health-related quality of life among older rural Chinese

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-242 ◽  
Author(s):  
XIAOJIE SUN ◽  
KUN LIU ◽  
MARTIN WEBBER ◽  
LIZHENG SHI
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Individual Social Capital ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Resource Generator

ABSTRACTNo study based on the Resource Generator has explored the association between individual social capital and health-related quality of life among older adults. This study aims to evaluate the validity and reliability of the adapted Resource Generator-China, and examine the association between individual social capital measured by the Resource Generator-China and health-related quality of life of older rural-dwelling Chinese people. A field survey including 975 rural-dwelling people aged between 60 and 75 years was conducted in three counties of the Shandong Province of China in 2013. Quality of life was measured by the Chinese version of the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-36): scores of Physical Component Summary and Mental Component Summary. Cumulative scale analyses were performed to analyse the homogeneity and reliability of the Resource Generator-China. We constructed generalised linear models by gender to examine the associations of social capital with health-related quality of life. Our findings suggest that the adapted instrument for older rural-dwelling Chinese people can be a reliable and valid measure of access to individual social capital. There were positive associations between individual social capital (total scores and sub-scale scores) and health-related quality of life. Individual social capital had a stronger association with mental health among women than men. Future studies should be improved through a longitudinal design with a larger and randomised sample covering large geographical rural areas in China.

Social capital in the theory and research of LIS professionals in the light of the literature on the subject. Review of current knowledge

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maja Dorota Wojciechowska
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Individual Social Capital ◽  
Rural Libraries ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Moment ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of the paper is to present the latest scholarly trends in the field of social capital in libraries, to review research concepts published by LIS professionals and to suggest further research possibilities in this area. Design/methodology/approach This paper presents a review and critical analysis of literature associated with research on social capital in libraries to highlight its importance for the development of LIS and its impact on the functioning of environments linked with various types of libraries. The goal of literature analysis was to determine the current condition of research on social capital in libraries. The main trends were identified and the need for further qualitative analyses, which are missing at the moment, was confirmed. Findings It was determined that, so far, LIS professionals have focussed mainly on the role of municipal libraries in developing social capital, the problem of building trust, especially in immigrant circles and the impact of libraries on promoting a civil society. Academic libraries, rural libraries, organisational capital in libraries and individual social capital of librarians were a much less frequent subject of research. The role of libraries in developing social capital in educational (primary and secondary education) and professional (non-university professionals) circles is practically non-existent in research, and it will require in-depth studies and analyses in the coming years. Originality/value This paper constitutes a synthetic review of the latest research concepts concerning social capital in libraries. It identifies the most important research trends and areas that so far have not been explored and suggests research methods to help LIS professionals design future research in this area more effectively.

Evaluating Programs for Preparing Teachers of Emotionally Disturbed Children

1969 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norris G. Haring ◽  
George A. Fargo
Keyword(s):  
Teacher Education ◽  
General Education ◽  
Emotionally Disturbed ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Specific Training ◽  
Direct Evaluation ◽  
Teaching Process ◽  
Evaluation Procedures ◽  
And Training

The premises from general education that have important implications for direct evaluation of professional trainees, teachers, and training programs in special education are presented in this article. They include the following: (a) the focus of professional training programs should be on the teaching process; (b) specific training objectives and evaluation procedures are 2 requisites for any training program; (c) direct evaluation of the teaching process is feasible; and (d) specific statements of criteria are prerequisites to research in teacher education.

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