Integration of Vietnamese Refugees into the Norwegian Labor Market: The Impact of War Trauma

1993 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 388-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edvard Hauff ◽  
Per Vaglum
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Career Choice ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
War Trauma ◽  
Vietnamese Refugees ◽  
Job Finding ◽  
The Impact

One hundred forty-five Vietnamese boat refugees were interviewed on arrival and after three years in Norway. The integration into the labor market was poor and the rate of unemployment was relatively high (16%). Eighty-two (63%) were members of the labor force, the rest being students (n=41) or housewives (n=6). Both loss of social status in Vietnam in 1975 and experiences of war trauma were independently related to labor force participation, when age, sex and mental health were controlled for. The risk of unemployment was increased among men and among refugees with low formal education and with no accompanying spouse. The results indicate that war trauma may have an impact on career choice and integration into the labor market which is independent of mental health. Future immigration policies should probably improve the refugees’ opportunities to establish intraethnic social networks to facilitate job finding and entrepreneurship.

Implications of higher retirement age for the labor market

2017 ◽  
pp. 22-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ivanova ◽  
A. Balaev ◽  
E. Gurvich
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Supply ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Demand ◽  
Retirement Age ◽  
Demographic Trends ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Demographic Projections ◽  
The Impact

The paper considers the impact of the increase in retirement age on labor supply and economic growth. Combining own estimates of labor participation and demographic projections by the Rosstat, the authors predict marked fall in the labor force (by 5.6 million persons over 2016-2030). Labor demand is also going down but to a lesser degree. If vigorous measures are not implemented, the labor force shortage will reach 6% of the labor force by the period end, thus restraining economic growth. Even rapid and ambitious increase in the retirement age (by 1 year each year to 65 years for both men and women) can only partially mitigate the adverse consequences of demographic trends.

scholarly journals Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Romanian Labor Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 271
Author(s):  
Carmen Valentina Radulescu ◽  
Georgiana-Raluca Ladaru ◽  
Sorin Burlacu ◽  
Florentina Constantin ◽  
Corina Ioanăș ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Health Insurance ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Semantic Differential ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Unemployed People ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
The Impact

The present research aims to establish the impact that the current crisis situation the planet is facing, namely the COVID-19 pandemic, has had so far on the Romanian labor force market. In this context, given the lack of information and information regarding this pandemic and its effects, the administration of a questionnaire among the population was considered to identify the research results. The method of semantic differential and the method of ordering the ranks were used for the interpretation of the results. With the help of this questionnaire, it will be possible to answer the question of the research in this study: What are the main effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the Romanian labor market? The main results showed that the COVID-19 pandemic affected the Romanian workforce; the respondents of the applied questionnaire claimed that they obtained better results and maintained a similar income, but the health crisis also influenced the mentality of employees, with respondents stating that in the event of changing jobs, they would consider it very important for the new employer to ensure the conditions for preventing and combating COVID-19, as well as complex health insurance. However, analyzing at the macroeconomic level, it was found that the COVID-19 pandemic induced an increase in the number of unemployed people in the Romanian labor market.

scholarly journals INTERSECTIONS OF WAR TRAUMA, CULTURE, AND SOCIOANALYSIS IN MENTAL HEALTH INTERVENTION FOR POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3/4) ◽  
pp. 432
Author(s):  
Athena Madan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Power Systems ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
War Trauma ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Post Colonial ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Therapeutic Encounter ◽  
The Impact

<p class="Default">“Refugee war trauma” is a poor adjunct to post-traumatic stress, lacking context for a civilian survivor of war. The “therapeutic mission”, or consolidating a therapeutic agenda with political reconstitution, has its tensions: Such founders embody politics of “emotionology” (Humphrey, 2005, p. 205) bound largely to pharmaceuticals, from a land of “freedom” (where emphasis is on market) and “democracy” (where emphasis is on autonomy of choice, not accountability). Additionally, how people “cope” or “solve problems” is not universal: Therapy speaks of self-empowerment, self-actualisation, and self-control; reconciliation speaks of collective citizenship, national participation, and group reform. Instituting participation in rituals that ‘help” according to predefined norms of an American prescription to suffering speaks more to the globalisation of the American psyche (Watters, 2010; Venne, 1997) than of humanitarian relief. This paper looks at the absence of cultural and socio-political specificities within the dominant discourse on “war trauma”, that are however of ultimate relevance for people affected by war. Using a case example from my own practice with a Rwandan woman living now in Canada, I question the “helpfulness” of post-traumatic stress treatment with this instance of refugee war trauma, and the impact of power systems in mental health care. How can the therapeutic encounter, given its genesis in Eurocentric, patriarchal, enlightenment thought, pause to better consider its potential for injury, especially within contexts of post-colonial genocide? How to avoid a new “mission to civilise”? What tensions to note as the advent of “trauma counselling” seeks more global application and transnational legitimacy?</p>

scholarly journals Qualification mismatch in the labor market and the impact on earnings: evidence from Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-233
Author(s):  
Huy Le Quang ◽  
Binh Tran-Nam
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Asymmetric Effect ◽  
Wage Penalty ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Rural And Remote Areas ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the incidence and earning effects of the vertical mismatch between attained and required educational qualifications in a developing country’s labor market. Design/methodology/approach Following Duncan and Hoffman (1981), this paper uses the augmented Mincerian wage equation to decompose the actual years of education of a person into years of over-education, years of required education and years of under-education. These years of education are then fitted in an ordinary least squares model to measure the earning effects of an employee when his/her attained educational qualifications are higher or lower than the required educational level in his/her job. Findings Unlike studies in developed countries, this paper finds that Vietnam has a higher incidence of under-education than over-education due to a large proportion of the population in rural and remote areas not having access to formal education. Further, qualification mismatch has an asymmetric effect on earnings in the sense that the wage rate is flexible downward but rigid upward. In particular, years of schooling that are in excess or in deficit of the required level for the job are not compensated with higher earnings. This paper concludes that although qualification mismatch incidence in Vietnam is different from that in developed countries, mismatched workers also suffer from significant wage penalty. Originality/value This paper makes a significant contribution by providing the first evidence from a developing country to the vertical mismatch literature which has already been overwhelmed with studies from advanced economies.

Labor Market Effects of Women's Post-School-Age Training

ILR Review ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth T. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Labor Force ◽  
Labor Force Participation ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
School Age ◽  
Formal Schooling ◽  
Market Effects ◽  
Women's Wages ◽  
Using Data

Using data from the 1984 NLS Mature Women's Cohort, this study investigates whether post-school-age training (defined as both formal education and other forms of training received after the end of formal schooling) affected women's wages and labor force participation. The author analyzes the association between training and wage changes over the years 1967 (when the women in the sample ranged in age from 30 to 44) through 1984 (when they had reached ages 47 to 61) and compares labor force participation in 1984 between women who had obtained post-school-age training and those who had not. Women who received post-school-age training experienced a greater rise in wages and participated in the labor force at older ages than did women who received no training.

scholarly journals The Wage Impact of Immigration in Germany - New Evidence for Skill Groups and Occupations

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Friedrich Steinhardt
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Education Experience ◽  
Native Workers ◽  
Wage Effects ◽  
Skill Groups ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Biased Estimates

Abstract This paper contributes to the ongoing debate regarding the appropriate approach to use in identifying the impact of immigration on native workers’ labor market outcomes. The initial regression analysis makes use of German administrative data and is based on the variation of foreign workers’ shares within education-experience cells over time. It confirms previous findings suggesting that immigration in Germany had no adverse impact on native wages. However, the paper highlights that in Germany immigrants and natives with similar education and experience are likely to work in different occupations. The subsequent analysis based on occupational clustering uses the same data and finds significant adverse wage effects for natives, particularly for those in basic service occupations. The paper argues, therefore, that an identification strategy based on formal education characteristics might lead to biased estimates if a country’s labor market is characterized by occupational segmentation of immigrants.

The Impact of Marital Status on Job Finding: A Field Experiment in the Chinese Labor Market

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gergely Horváth
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Labor Market Outcomes ◽  
Market Outcomes ◽  
Job Advertisements ◽  
Chinese Labor ◽  
Job Finding ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThis paper studies the impact of marital status on job finding in China using the correspondence methodology. Fictitious CVs are sent to job advertisements through an online job board website, focusing on financial and accounting jobs, and the callback rate is measured. We vary the gender and marital status on otherwise identical CVs. The previous literature suggests that being married has a negative impact on the labor market outcomes of females, but a positive impact for males. In contrast, for the Chinese labor market, we do not find a significant effect of marital status on job finding for either gender.

scholarly journals The Impact of Social Capital on Mental Health: Evidence from the China Family Panel Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 190
Author(s):  
Xianhua Dai ◽  
Nian Gu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Least Squares Regression ◽  
Mutual Help ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Cognitive Social Capital ◽  
The Impact

The influence of social capital on mental health is a controversial topic. As some studies have pointed out, cognitive social capital significantly affects mental health but structural social capital does not. Using data from the China Family Panel Survey, this study measured social capital from social help, social trust, social networks, and social participation as the instrumental variables (regional average level of social capital), and applied a two-stage least squares regression. We found that the mental health of residents who trust and help each other is significantly higher than that of residents without trust and mutual help. When residents’ efforts to maintain social networks increase, their mental health significantly improves. These results are robust. Furthermore, the impact of social capital on mental health was heterogeneous in terms of urbanicity, gender, age, and area. These results are helpful for making policies for promoting residents’ mental health.

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