Impressionable Biologies: An interview with Maurizio Meloni

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 249-259
Author(s):  
Florence Chiew
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
Constant Flux ◽  
Compelling Argument ◽  
Biological Plasticity ◽  
Current Emphasis

Florence Chiew interviews Maurizio Meloni on his new book, Impressionable Biologies: From the Archaeology of Plasticity to the Sociology of Epigenetics. The conversation reflects on a number of key themes and arguments in Meloni’s work, such as the use of the term ‘impressionability’ to explore longstanding ideas of the permeable body in constant flux in response to cosmological changes. This notion of the body-porous is one whose history Meloni traces back to ancient traditions and systems of medicine, such as humoralism. In this important book, Meloni makes a compelling argument for questioning the current emphasis on the novelty of biological plasticity as an exclusively contemporary phenomenon, and urges us to take a longer genealogical perspective to appreciate how histories of corporeal plasticity have always been part of deeply gendered, racialized and classed discourses in which social hierarchies have been made through physiological distinctions.

scholarly journals Distribution of magnetic field around simply and multiply connected supraconductors

1936 ◽  
Vol 157 (890) ◽  
pp. 132-146 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
External Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Meissner Effect ◽  
The Body ◽  
Persistent Current ◽  
Closed Circuit ◽  
Multiply Connected ◽  
Constant Flux ◽  
Connected Body

The experiments to be described in this paper arose from a suggestion by M. von Laue that it would be of interest to examine more closely the behaviour of simply and multiply connected supraconducting bodies in an external magnetic field. If a closed circuit be taken wholly within a supraconducting body, sufficiently far from the surface, the magnetic flux through the circuit should be constant as long as no part of the body is subjected to a magnetic field greater than the critical field strength. For a simply connected body, if the spontaneous ejection of flux on cooling through the transition point, the so-called Meissner effect, is complete, the constant flux through any circuit should be zero. For a multiply connected body, it should be equal to the value immediately after the body became supraconducting. Only in the case of a multiply connected body, that is, a closed circuit, can there be a resultant current through any cross-section in the steady state. This may be taken as a definition of the current I in the circuit, the so-called persistent current. Let L be the self-inductance of the circuit, calculated for the supraconducting state on the assumption that the current flows entirely in a layer very close to the surface. Let ϕ be the calculated magnetic flux through the circuit due to external magnetic field, allowing for the distortion of the field by the presence of supraconducting material. Then, if it can be assumed that the maintenance of the constant flux through the closed circuit is due to a persistent current in the above sense, the law of constant flux can be written in the form LI + ϕ = ϕ 0 . (1)

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew B. Roller
Keyword(s):  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Social Hierarchies ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of The Body ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
Sociocultural Approach ◽  
History Of

This introductory chapter talks about the upsurge of scholarly interest, over the past fifteen years, in Roman dining practices and foodways. The concerted attention of historians, archaeologists, and literary critics has greatly enhanced their understanding of the physical environments, social dynamics, and symbolic operations of the Roman convivium. The positions assigned to the guests, the kinds of food and entertainment on offer, and even the give-and-take of convivial conversation all participate in the construction and maintenance of social hierarchies. Being concerned with how bodily bearing relates to social hierarchy, the chapter pursues this sociocultural approach. It also seeks to contribute to a second area of burgeoning scholarly interest: the history of the body, and specifically of the ways in which a Roman's social position and subjectivity were expressed in and constructed through bodily dispositions and movements.

Estimating the Position and Size of a Cavity in a Plate by Means of Boundary Element Method and Conduction Heat Transfer

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasan Sattarpanah Karganroudi ◽  
Mohammad R. Roshani ◽  
Mohammad R. Aligoodarz ◽  
Mohammad Reza Soleimani Tehrani
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Boundary Element Method ◽  
Boundary Conditions ◽  
Boundary Element ◽  
The Body ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Two Dimensional ◽  
Conduction Heat Transfer ◽  
Constant Flux ◽  
Element Method

This study proves the possibility of predicting the existence of a cavity inside a homogenous body based on the geometrical parameters and the position of cavity by means of the boundary element method. Regarding the extensive use of steel plates in heavy and huge industries, this project focuses on two-dimensional plates and studies the thermal effects of shape and position of the existing cavity by solving the two-dimensional Laplace’s equation on conduction heat transfer over the body. The thermal changes on some boundaries affected by shape and position of cavity give an appropriate estimate of cavity. Considering the bulky and big amount of calculation and iteration and also the type of boundary conditions the fast and accurate numerical method proper to the mentioned problem, Boundary Element Method, is applied to simulate the experiments. The conclusion is taken due to the results of simulation. Based on the theory of Boundary Element method, the problem is simulated as a rectangular plate with two constant temperature and two constant flux boundary conditions while the cavity is inside, so concerning the position of cavity the variation of decreasing temperature on the boundaries with constant flux rate is changing. In order to reach the idea, the proper programming code has been written in Visual Fortran programming language and the results of the program output has been compared and interpreted.

Representing utility and deploying the body

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Spurrett
Keyword(s):  
Functional Activity ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
The Body ◽  
Target Article ◽  
Processing Demands ◽  
The Many

Abstract Comprehensive accounts of resource-rational attempts to maximise utility shouldn't ignore the demands of constructing utility representations. This can be onerous when, as in humans, there are many rewarding modalities. Another thing best not ignored is the processing demands of making functional activity out of the many degrees of freedom of a body. The target article is almost silent on both.

Neuron-glia relationship during the early postembryonic development of the nervous system in some oligochaetes

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 600-601
Author(s):  
Wiktor Djaczenko ◽  
Carmen Calenda Cimmino
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Glial Cells ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Postembryonic Development ◽  
Ruthenium Red ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tubifex Tubifex ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Cell Processes ◽  
Cytoplasmic Processes

The simplicity of the developing nervous system of oligochaetes makes of it an excellent model for the study of the relationships between glia and neurons. In the present communication we describe the relationships between glia and neurons in the early periods of post-embryonic development in some species of oligochaetes.Tubifex tubifex (Mull. ) and Octolasium complanatum (Dugès) specimens starting from 0. 3 mm of body length were collected from laboratory cultures divided into three groups each group fixed separately by one of the following methods: (a) 4% glutaraldehyde and 1% acrolein fixation followed by osmium tetroxide, (b) TAPO technique, (c) ruthenium red method.Our observations concern the early period of the postembryonic development of the nervous system in oligochaetes. During this period neurons occupy fixed positions in the body the only observable change being the increase in volume of their perikaryons. Perikaryons of glial cells were located at some distance from neurons. Long cytoplasmic processes of glial cells tended to approach the neurons. The superimposed contours of glial cell processes designed from electron micrographs, taken at the same magnification, typical for five successive growth stages of the nervous system of Octolasium complanatum are shown in Fig. 1. Neuron is designed symbolically to facilitate the understanding of the kinetics of the growth process.

Flagellar Attachment in Selected Trypanosomes

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 496-497
Author(s):  
J. J. Paulin
Keyword(s):  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Lateral Surface ◽  
The Body ◽  
Flagellar Pocket ◽  
Integral Component ◽  
Free Flagellum ◽  
Flagellar Axoneme

Movement in epimastigote and trypomastigote stages of trypanosomes is accomplished by planar sinusoidal beating of the anteriorly directed flagellum and associated undulating membrane. The flagellum emerges from a bottle-shaped depression, the flagellar pocket, opening on the lateral surface of the cell. The limiting cell membrane envelopes not only the body of the trypanosome but is continuous with and insheathes the flagellar axoneme forming the undulating membrane. In some species a paraxial rod parallels the axoneme from its point of emergence at the flagellar pocket and is an integral component of the undulating membrane. A portion of the flagellum may extend beyond the anterior apex of the cell as a free flagellum; the length is variable in different species of trypanosomes.

Otoconia formation in the chick embryo

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 572-573
Author(s):  
C.D. Fermin ◽  
M. Igarashi
Keyword(s):  
Chick Embryo ◽  
Inner Ear ◽  
Gallus Domesticus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Abnormal Behavior ◽  
Intensive Study ◽  
Basic Fuchsin ◽  
Gestational Period ◽  
Sensory Epithelia ◽  
Transmission Electron

Otoconia are microscopic geometric structures that cover the sensory epithelia of the utricle and saccule (gravitational receptors) of mammals, and the lagena macula of birds. The importance of otoconia for maintanance of the body balance is evidenced by the abnormal behavior of species with genetic defects of otolith. Although a few reports have dealt with otoconia formation, some basic questions remain unanswered. The chick embryo is desirable for studying otoconial formation because its inner ear structures are easily accessible, and its gestational period is short (21 days of incubation).The results described here are part of an intensive study intended to examine the morphogenesis of the otoconia in the chick embryo (Gallus- domesticus) inner ear. We used chick embryos from the 4th day of incubation until hatching, and examined the specimens with light (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The embryos were decapitated, and fixed by immersion with 3% cold glutaraldehyde. The ears and their parts were dissected out under the microscope; no decalcification was used. For LM, the ears were embedded in JB-4 plastic, cut serially at 5 micra and stained with 0.2% toluidine blue and 0.1% basic fuchsin in 25% alcohol.

Voids in Irradiated Tungsten and Molybdenum

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 190-191
Author(s):  
Robert C. Rau ◽  
Robert L. Ladd
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Fast Neutron ◽  
Neutron Irradiation ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Irradiation Temperature ◽  
The Body ◽  
Face Centered Cubic ◽  
Body Centered Cubic ◽  
Cubic Metals ◽  
Face Centered

Recent studies have shown the presence of voids in several face-centered cubic metals after neutron irradiation at elevated temperatures. These voids were found when the irradiation temperature was above 0.3 Tm where Tm is the absolute melting point, and were ascribed to the agglomeration of lattice vacancies resulting from fast neutron generated displacement cascades. The present paper reports the existence of similar voids in the body-centered cubic metals tungsten and molybdenum.

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