Closeness and other affiliative outcomes generated from the Fast Friends procedure: A comparison with a small-talk task and unstructured self-disclosure and the moderating role of mode of communication

2021 ◽  
pp. 026540752199605
Author(s):  
Susan Sprecher
Keyword(s):  
Original Study ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Experimental Procedure ◽  
Small Talk ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Interpersonal Closeness ◽  
First Time ◽  
Moderating Role

A Fast Friends procedure was created years ago as a method to generate closeness between people interacting for the first time and to provide an experimental procedure to test hypotheses about factors that may lead to initial closeness. In their original study, Aron et al. (1997) validated their closeness-generating task by comparing the degree of interpersonal closeness it generated versus that by a small-talk task. Few subsequent studies, however, have tested the validity of the closeness task by comparing the affiliative outcomes resulting from it with that from other activities. To further examine its validity, this study involved zero-history dyads randomly assigned to become acquainted through either Aron et al.’s closeness-inducing task, Aron et al.’s small-talk task, or an unstructured getting-acquainted task. The dyads were then compared on the closeness they experienced as well as on several other affiliative outcomes. In support of the validity of the closeness-inducing task, the task generated more closeness and other positive outcomes, relative especially to the small-talk task. A second manipulation in the study was the mode of communication (video-chat vs. face-to-face). No significant differences in outcomes (e.g., closeness, liking) were found based on mode of communication. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the closeness task (relative to the other tasks) for generating closeness and other affiliative outcomes was not moderated by the mode of communication.

Relationship between big five personality model and abusive supervision

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bibi Tahira ◽  
Naveed Saif ◽  
Muhammad Haroon ◽  
Sadaqat Ali
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Abusive Supervision ◽  
State Universities ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Big Five Model ◽  
The Impact ◽  
First Time ◽  
Supervisor Behavior ◽  
Moderating Role

The current study tries to understand the diverse nature of relationship between personality Big Five Model (PBFM) and student's perception of abusive supervision in higher education institutions of Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa Pakistan. Data was collected in dyads i.e. (supervisors were asked to rate their personality attributes while student were asked to rate the supervisor behavior) through adopted construct. For this purpose, data was collected from three government state universities and one Private Sector University. The focus was on MS/M.Phill and PhD student and their supervisors of the mentioned universities. After measuring normality and validity regression analysis was conducted to assess the impact of supervisor personality characteristics that leads to abusive supervision. Findings indicate interestingly that except agreeableness other four attributes of (PBFM) are play their role for abusive supervision. The results are novel in the nature as for the first time Neuroticism, openness to experience, extraversion and conscientiousness are held responsible for the abusive supervision. The study did not explore the demographic characteristics, and moderating role of organizational culture, justice and interpersonal deviances to understand the strength of relationship in more detail way. Keywords: Personality big five model, abusive supervision, HEIs

When Does Psychological Fit Matter? The Moderating Role of Price on Self-Brand Congruity

2021 ◽  
pp. 194855062110283
Author(s):  
Joe J. Gladstone ◽  
Emily N. Garbinsky ◽  
Sandra C. Matz
Keyword(s):  
Brand Personality ◽  
Effect Study ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
High Price ◽  
Psychological Profile ◽  
Psychological Mechanism ◽  
Brand Attributes ◽  
First Time ◽  
Moderating Role

People prefer brands whose perceived image reflects their own psychological profile, a finding referred to as the self-brand congruity effect. For the first time, we test this effect in the field by utilizing over 17,000 real bank transaction records (Study 1, N = 405). We demonstrate that the strength of self-brand congruity is related to the financial resources a person must spend to acquire the brand, such that the effect holds only when the brand being purchased has a high (vs. low) price. We conceptually replicate the effect (Study 2, N = 354) and provide causal evidence through an experiment (Study 3, N = 404), manipulating price and brand personality while holding other brand attributes constant. We also provide evidence for one psychological mechanism underlying why price moderates self-brand congruity, finding personality-matched brands elicit fewer concerns about postpurchase regret, a bigger risk for high-price brands (Study 4, N = 300).

Some Origins of Nationalism in East Africa

1968 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 119-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Lonsdale
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Colonial Period ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Colonial Rule ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
National Movements ◽  
New Type ◽  
First Time ◽  
Official Recognition

This paper attempts to provide a frame of reference for evaluating the role of ordinary rural Africans in national movements, in the belief that scholarly preoccupation with élites will only partially illumine the mainsprings of nationalism. Kenya has been taken as the main field of enquiry, with contrasts and comparisons drawn from Uganda and Tanganyika. The processes of social change are discussed with a view to establishing that by the end of the colonial period one can talk of peasants rather than tribesmen in some of the more progressive areas. This change entailed a decline in the leadership functions of tribal chiefs who were also the official agents of colonial rule, but did not necessarily mean the firm establishment of a new type of rural leadership. The central part of the paper is taken up with an account of the competition between these older and newer leaderships, for official recognition rather than a mass following. A popular following was one of the conditions for such recognition, but neither really achieved this prior to 1945 except in Kikuyuland, and there the newer leaders did not want official recognition. After 1945 the newer leadership, comprising especially traders and officials of marketing co-operatives, seems everywhere to have won a properly representative position, due mainly to the enforced agrarian changes which brought the peasant face to face with the central government, perhaps for the first time. This confrontation, together with the experience of failure in earlier and more local political activity, resulted in a national revolution coalescing from below, co-ordinated rather than instigated by the educated élite.

scholarly journals The Experimental Generation of Interpersonal Closeness: A Procedure and Some Preliminary Findings

1997 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Aron ◽  
Edward Melinat ◽  
Elaine N. Aron ◽  
Robert Darrin Vallone ◽  
Renee J. Bator
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Relationship Development ◽  
Relationship Building ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Small Talk ◽  
Interpersonal Closeness ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Theoretical Issues ◽  
Intensity Study ◽  
Adequate Power

A practical methodology is presented for creating closeness in an experimental context. Whether or not an individual is in a relationship, particular pairings of individuals in the relationship, and circumstances of relationship development become manipulated variables. Over a 45-min period subject pairs carry out self-disclosure and relationship-building tasks that gradually escalate in intensity. Study 1 found greater postinteraction closeness with these tasks versus comparable small-talk tasks. Studies 2 and 3 found no significant closeness effects, inspite of adequate power, for (a) whether pairs were matched for nondisagreement on important attitudes, (b) whether pairs were led to expect mutual liking, or (c) whether getting close was made an explicit goal. These studies also illustrated applications for addressing theoretical issues, yielding provocative tentative findings relating to attachment style and introversion/extraversion.

scholarly journals An experimental test of the effects of online and face-to-face feedback on self-esteem

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen G. M. Vossen ◽  
Maria Koutamanis ◽  
Joseph B. Walther
Keyword(s):  
Negative Feedback ◽  
Experimental Test ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Online Communication ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Communication Mode ◽  
Self Disclosure ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Negative Comments

This study investigated the effect of receiving confirming vs. disconfirming feedback to individuals’ self-disclosure on their self-esteem, the role of giving reciprocal feedback in this relationship, and how these effects differ between online and face-to-face communication. Using a two (communication mode: online vs. face-to-face) by two (feedback valence: confirming vs. disconfirming) between-subjects experiment, we found that feedback had a significant indirect effect on self-esteem, through the receiver’s reciprocal feedback. This indirect effect of feedback differed in online communication from offline: In online communication, participants reciprocated negative feedback when they received it, more than in face-to-face communication. The reciprocal feedback enhanced their self-esteem in online communication, but not in face-to-face communication. Although people tend to respond more negatively to negative comments in online conversations, the process, overall, boosts rather than hinders their self-esteem.

scholarly journals Resilience as a Mediator Between Workplace Humour and Well-being at Work: An Enquiry on the Healthcare Professionals

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 160-176
Author(s):  
Pratishtha Bhattacharyya ◽  
Lalatendu Kesari Jena ◽  
Sajeet Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Indirect Relationship ◽  
Moderating Role

Humour is considered as a crucial job resource for healthcare professionals. It has been further credited for several positive outcomes such as resilience and well-being. This study investigated: (a) the mediating role of resilience between adaptive humours styles (self-enhancing and affiliative) and well-being at work and (b) the moderating role of self-esteem in the indirect relationship between the adaptive humour styles and well-being at work via resilience. The study was conducted on a sample of 354 healthcare professionals. The findings of the study indicate a significant association between the adaptive humour styles and well-being at work with resilience as a mediator. Furthermore, self-esteem was found to significantly moderate the indirect relationship between self-enhancing humour and well-being at work via resilience.

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