Bullying Perpetration and Subsequent Delinquency: A Regression-Based Analysis of Early Adolescent Schoolchildren

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 669-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn D. Walters ◽  
Dorothy L. Espelage
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Parental Knowledge ◽  
Early Adolescent ◽  
Auxiliary Variables ◽  
Control Variables ◽  
Peer Delinquency ◽  
Full Information Maximum Likelihood ◽  
Bullying Perpetration ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
One Year

The purpose of this study was to determine whether bullying perpetration in early adolescence is capable of predicting delinquency 1 year later. Nine control variables were included in a regression analysis of the bullying–delinquency relationship in 1,001 schoolchildren ([Formula: see text] age = 12.97 years). The nine control variables (age, sex, race, social support, bullying victimization, probullying attitudes, parental knowledge, impulsivity, and peer delinquency), along with bullying perpetration and prior delinquency, were regressed onto delinquency measured 1 year later. Because the majority of participants (63.3%) were missing data on the outcome measure, a full information maximum likelihood (FIML) with auxiliary variables was performed. The results of a preliminary confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the bullying and delinquency scales employed in this study were assessing separate constructs. The main analysis revealed that parental knowledge, impulsivity, bullying, and precursor delinquency predicted delinquency one year later.

scholarly journals Development and psychometric validation of the family-centered multidimensional outcome measure for pediatric palliative care targeted to children with severe neurological impairmentis—A multicenter prospective study

2020 ◽  
pp. 026921632097562
Author(s):  
Sophie Pelke ◽  
Julia Wager ◽  
Benedikt B. Claus ◽  
Boris Zernikow ◽  
Mandira Reuther
Keyword(s):  
Palliative Care ◽  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Neurological Impairment ◽  
Pediatric Palliative Care ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Multicenter Prospective Study ◽  
Family Centered ◽  
Severe Neurological Impairment

Background: Comprehensive outcome measurement in pediatric palliative care focusing on the entire unit of care, that is, the affected child and its family, is crucial to depict treatment effects. Despite its increasing relevance, no appropriate multidimensional outcome measures exist for the largest patient group in this field, namely children with severe neurological impairments. Aim: The aim of this study was to develop and validate a family-centered multidimensional outcome measure for pediatric palliative care patients with severe neurological impairment that encompasses the entire unit of care. Design: Based on results of a qualitative study, the questionnaire was developed by consensus-based generation of questions. It was validated in a multicenter prospective study employing exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses as well as reliability and item analyses. Setting: A total of 11 pediatric palliative care teams across Germany aided in the recruitment of study participants. Questionnaires were answered by 149 parents of children with severe neurological impairment and 157 professional caregivers. Results: The exploratory factor analysis of parent data revealed a 6-factor structure of the questionnaire representing: symptoms, the child’s social participation, normalcy, social support, coping with the disease and caregiver’s competencies. This structure was verified by a confirmatory factor analysis of professional caregiver data. Five separate items regarding siblings, partners, and further symptoms not applicable for all patients were added to ensure full multidimensionality. Conclusion: A validated outcome tool for severely neurologically impaired pediatric palliative care patients, the FACETS-OF-PPC, now exists. Due to its concise length and appropriate psychometric properties, it is well suited for clinical application.

scholarly journals Effect of anterior capsular polishing on the incidence of YAG capsulotomy

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad A Ahad ◽  
Mohammad Rashad Qamar ◽  
Sameh K Hindi ◽  
Martin N Kid
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Early Postoperative Period ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anterior Capsule ◽  
Main Outcome Measure ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
One Year ◽  
Group 1

Purpose: To study the effect of anterior capsule polishing during phacoemulsification on the incidence of post operative YAG laser capsulotomy. Method: A retrospective controlled study of 159 patients who underwent uncomplicated phacoemulsification with anterior capsular polishing between October 1998 and March 2000. 169 age matched patients who underwent phacoemulsification but without anterior capsule polishing served as controls. Main outcome measure: Incidence of visually significant YAG capsulotomy, which improved the Snellen acuity for more than 1 line or at least 1 line with subjective improvements in symptoms. Results: 2.51 % of patients with anterior capsular polishing (Group 1) had YAG capsulotomy compared to 7.1% of patients in control group at one year. However, after two years, 11.3% of patients in Group I had YAG capsulotomy compared to 12.4% in Group 2. Conclusion: Anterior capsular polishing during cataract surgery may delay the opacification of posterior capsule during the early postoperative period. But does not decrease the incidence of YAG capsulotomy after two years.

scholarly journals Mavenness And Salespeople Success: An Empirical Investigation

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dale T. Eesley ◽  
Phani Tej Adidam
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Investigation ◽  
Sales Force ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Sales Managers ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Salesperson Performance ◽  
Control Variables ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
And Training ◽  
Three Factor

<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span><p style="margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt; text-align: justify; mso-pagination: none;"><span style="font-size: 10pt;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">The sales literature has examined many characteristics of highly successful salespeople but as yet has not evaluated the concept of mavenness in the context of sales.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mavens are persons who have a passionate desire to freely share their expertise and knowledge for the benefit of others.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This paper develops a three-factor measure of mavenness that measures levels of expertise, passion and the desire to share knowledge, and tests if higher levels of mavenness are associated with superior salesperson performance.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The scale was administered to a sample of 122 salespersons in a large insurance company.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Data on salesperson performance as well as other control variables were collected from archival records.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Confirmatory factor analysis provided satisfactory support for the scale.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Mavenness and the control variables were regressed on salesperson performance.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>All three factors of mavenness were highly significant.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Sales managers can improve the selection and training of their sales force by using the scale to find candidates with high levels of mavenness.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Although the concept of mavenness is not new, no attempt to measure this trait has been made previously.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Furthermore, this trait has not before been tested to see if high levels of mavenness are associated with superior salesperson performance.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></span></p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: small;"> </span>

scholarly journals Emotional Dynamics in the Development of Early Adolescent Psychopathology: A One-Year Longitudinal Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 657-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Neumann ◽  
Pol A. C. van Lier ◽  
Tom Frijns ◽  
Wim Meeus ◽  
Hans M. Koot
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Adolescent Psychopathology ◽  
Early Adolescent ◽  
One Year ◽  
Emotional Dynamics

The importance of perioperative optimisation to facilitate safe regional anaesthesia and their improved outcomes in fracture neck of femur patients

2021 ◽  
pp. 175045892110640
Author(s):  
Benjamin Thomas Vincent Gowers ◽  
Michael Sean Greenhalgh ◽  
Kathryn Dyson ◽  
Karthikeyan P Iyengar ◽  
Vijay K Jain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
General Anaesthesia ◽  
Regional Anaesthesia ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
General Anaesthetic ◽  
Secondary Outcome Measure ◽  
Neck Of Femur ◽  
One Year ◽  
To Receive

Background: Hip fractures are common presentations to orthopaedic departments, and their surgical management often results in blood transfusions. Compared with general anaesthesia, regional anaesthesia reduces the need for transfusions and mortality in the wider surgical population. Aims: In hip fracture patients, our primary outcome measure was to examine any relationship between anaesthetic modality and transfusion rates. The secondary outcome measure was to assess the relationship between anaesthetic modality and one-year mortality. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 280 patients was carried out in 2017 and 2018. Data were collected from patient records, local transfusion laboratory and the national hip fracture database. Results: A total of 59.6% had regional and 40.4% general anaesthesia. Regional anaesthesia patients were younger with fewer comorbidities (p < .05). About 19.8% regional and 34.5% general anaesthesia patients received transfusions (odds ratio (OR) = 0.47, p < .05); 13.6% were taking anticoagulants and were less likely to receive a regional anaesthetic (31.6% versus 64%, OR = 0.26, p < .05). One-year mortality was 27% for regional and 37% for general anaesthetic patients (OR = 0.64, p = .09). Conclusion: Regional anaesthesia halved the risk of blood transfusion. Anticoagulated patients were 74% less likely to receive regional anaesthetics, but had no additional transfusion risk. With optimisation, a larger proportion of patients could have regional anaesthesia.

scholarly journals Thyroid function in children and adolescents with Hashimoto's thyroiditis after l-thyroxine discontinuation

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 206-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Radetti ◽  
Mariacarolina Salerno ◽  
Chiara Guzzetti ◽  
Marco Cappa ◽  
Andrea Corrias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Hashimoto’S Thyroiditis ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Hashimoto's Thyroiditis ◽  
Pediatric Endocrinology ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Discontinuation Of Treatment ◽  
One Year ◽  
Serum Tsh

Objective Thyroid function may recover in patients with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT). Design To investigate thyroid function and the need to resume l-thyroxine treatment after its discontinuation. Setting Nine Italian pediatric endocrinology centers. Patients 148 children and adolescents (25 m and 123 f) with HT on treatment with l-thyroxine for at least one year. Intervention and main outcome measure Treatment was discontinued in all patients, and serum TSH and fT4 concentrations were measured at the time of treatment discontinuation and then after 2, 6, 12 and 24 months. Therapy with l-thyroxine was re-instituted when TSH rose >10 U/L and/or fT4 was below the normal range. The patients were followed up when TSH concentrations were between 5 and 10 U/L and fT4 was in the normal range. Results At baseline, TSH was in the normal range in 139 patients, and was between 5 and 10 U/L in 9 patients. Treatment was re-instituted after 2 months in 37 (25.5%) patients, after 6 months in 13 patients (6.99%), after 12 months in 12 patients (8.6%), and after 24 months in an additional 3 patients (3.1%). At 24 months, 34 patients (34.3%) still required no treatment. TSH concentration >10 U/L at the time of diagnosis was the only predictive factor for the deterioration of thyroid function after l-thyroxine discontinuation. Conclusions This study confirms that not all children with HT need life-long therapy with l-thyroxine, and the discontinuation of treatment in patients with a TSH level <10 U/L at the time of diagnosis should be considered.

scholarly journals A comparison of parent reported outcome with experience of services

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shelley Marie Norman ◽  
Tamsin Ford ◽  
William Henley ◽  
Robert Goodman
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Service Level ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Measure Data ◽  
Service Improvement ◽  
Global Assessment Scale ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Outcome Monitoring ◽  
One Year ◽  
Primary School Age

Purpose – Routine outcome monitoring (ROM) is currently seen as a key driver for service improvement at individual, team and service level. The purpose this paper is to explore the relationships between a patient (parent) reported outcome measure (PROM), a practitioner reported outcome measure, and a patient (parent) reported experience measure (PREM). Design/methodology/approach – A cohort of 302 primary school-age children was recruited and followed for one year from consecutively accepted referrals to three teams within two English Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS). Parents completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (a PROM) and practitioners completed the Clinician Global Assessment Scale at baseline, six and 12 months; parents completed the Experience of Services Questionnaire (a PREM) at six and 12 months. Findings – PROM and practitioner reported outcome measure data suggested poor clinical outcome in terms of symptoms, impact and levels of functioning but were accompanied by PREM evidence of high levels of satisfaction. There was an unexpectedly low correlation ( < 0.2) between both measures of outcome and satisfaction. Originality/value – This paper fulfils a need to explore the relationships between different outcome measures to contribute to the understanding of ROM its validity.

One-Year Recovery and Relapse Rates of Children With a Prepubertal and Early Adolescent Bipolar Disorder Phenotype

2001 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 303-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Geller ◽  
James L. Craney ◽  
Kristine Bolhofner ◽  
Melissa P. DelBello ◽  
Marlene Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Early Adolescent ◽  
One Year ◽  
Relapse Rates

scholarly journals Adverse drug reaction reporting by community pharmacists in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana, 2016

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17
Author(s):  
Johnson Y. Osei ◽  
Priscillia A. Nortey ◽  
Delia A. Bandoh ◽  
Ernest Kenu ◽  
Adolphina A. Addo- Lartey
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adr Reporting ◽  
The Past ◽  
Reporting Systems ◽  
One Year ◽  
Greater Accra Region

Objectives: To assess adverse drug reactions (ADRs) reporting and identify factors to improve ADR reporting among community pharmacists in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana.Design: A quantitative cross-sectional study.Setting: Community pharmacies in the Greater Accra Region of Ghana.Participants: We randomly selected 210 pharmacists from a list community of pharmacies in Accra, Ghana. All participants had been practicing in the past one year, with this study being conducted from June to July 2016.Main outcome measure: Prevalence of ADR reporting by community pharmacists in Accra, Ghana.Results: Of the 210 community pharmacists interviewed 54.0% were males. Mean age was 32±10 years. Majority (96.0%) had heard of ADR reporting in Ghana, yet 18% had never seen the ADR reporting form. Reasons given for failure to report suspected ADRs included unavailability of reporting forms (83.1%), uncertainty about a causal relationship between the drug and the suspected ADR and classification of the reaction as “normal” with the medication being taken (23.6%). Only 34.0% of pharmacists had the ADR reporting forms available in their facilities. Marital status was the only factor significantly associated with ADR reporting (OR 3.18, 95%CI 1.02 – 9.12).Conclusion: ADR reporting by community pharmacists in Ghana remains low. To improve the proportion of reporting, ADR forms should be made available in all pharmacies, pharmacists and the general public should be made aware of online reporting systems, with continuous professional development in Pharmacovigilance with the advice that all suspected ADRs should be reported irrespective of uncertainty about causality.

scholarly journals Hypertension specific patient-reported outcome measure. Part III: validation, responsiveness and reliability assessment

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 3438
Author(s):  
M. V. Ionov ◽  
N. E. Zvartau ◽  
E. A. Dubinina ◽  
N. N. Khromov-Borisov ◽  
I. A. Tregubenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Patient Reported Outcome ◽  
Factor Analyses ◽  
Specific Patient ◽  
Final Version ◽  
Factor Loadings ◽  
Patient Reported Outcome Measure ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Confirmatory Factor

Aim. Health-related quality of life in patients with arterial hypertension (HTN) is still determined by only generic patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), although disease-specific ones are more reliable and highly valid. Previously, we reported the results of development and item-selection process of the new Russian HTN-specific PROM. The purpose of this last stage was to confirm validity, reliability, responsiveness and sensitivity of the scale and to present its final version.Material and methods. Analysis was done using data from a mass survey of patients with Grades 1-3 HTN (n=359, aged 25 to 91 y. o.) and healthy volunteers (n=48, aged 23 to 65 y.o), 407 returned questionnaires. We conducted two exploratory factor analyses (EFA) with the intermediate version of the PROM (80 questions, 20 of them HTN-specific). The Cattel’s scree test was used to select the optimal number of factors. After removing the items with a low factor loadings, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed to assess the model’s fitindexes adequacy. The core indexes to be measured were SRMR, RMSEA, CFI. Finally, the PROM’s reliability (Cronbach’s α and McDonald’s ω) and criterion validity (responsiveness) were evaluated.Results. Both EFA with oblique and varimax rotation showed 35 questions have factor loadings ≥0,5 and assigned to one of 5 factors. The basic structure of the PROM was retained for further CFA. Most of indices of fit measured met the requirements: SRMR was 0,08, RMSEA was 0,07 (90% CI (0,07-0,08)) and CFI was 0,08, which confirms the construct validity. Both Cronbach’s α and MacDonald’s ω of each of the domains were ≥0,80 and the whole scale was 0,89 confirming satisfactory reliability. Scores of the questionnaire were positively correlated with the severity of HTN (p<0,001 for Grades 1-3 HTN) and between HTN and non-HTN patients (p=0,01 and 0,04 in psychologic and social domains respectively).Conclusion. Sequentially addressing of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses and assessment of reliability and responsiveness allowed to form the final version of the patient-reported outcome measure for arterial hypertension. The new Russian-language questionnaire is a useful and feasible tool for routine practice and clinical trials.

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