Hepatic Cholesterol-Lipid Anomalies Induced by Aflatoxin

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 509-516 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Q. Lynd ◽  
F. T. Lynd
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Peanut Meal ◽  
Free Food ◽  
Crystalline Form ◽  
Cellular Distribution ◽  
Hepatic Cholesterol ◽  
Marked Contrast ◽  
Hepatic Lipids ◽  
Oleic And Linoleic Acids

A diet of 60% peanut meal (W.H.O/F.A.O/U.N.I.C.E.F) was fed either toxin free or adulterated with aflatoxin at the rate of 0.948 μg B1 and 0.630 μ G1 to ducklings for a 10-day period. The ingestion of aflatoxin increased from 14.99 in 16.70 μg per day per duckling with outward signs of repression of growth and reduced feed efficiency as measured by changes in weight. Compared with those ducklings fed a toxin-free food, aflatoxin resulted in an increase of the liver in size from 3.8 to 4.4%; total hepatic lipids of the intoxicated ducklings decreased from 23.0% to 14.0% while cholesterol remained above 22% with marked contrast in crystalline form and cellular distribution. Normal changes in triglycerides were reversed with oleic and linoleic acids increased while palmitic and stearic acids were decreased. Levels of linoleic acid were significantly higher within ducklings fed the aflatoxin diet.

Correction - Time of planting effects on development, yield and oil quality of irrigated sunflower

1976 ◽  
Vol 16 (80) ◽  
pp. 417
Author(s):  
GD Keefer ◽  
JE McAllister ◽  
ES Uridge ◽  
BW Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Oil Quality ◽  
Flowering Period ◽  
Reliable Index ◽  
Puccinia Helianthi ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
Oleic And Linoleic Acids ◽  
Late Sowing

The effects of time of planting on irrigated sunflower were tested at Emerald during the 1969-70 and 1970-71 summer seasons. Plantings ranged from September to March. A growing degree day summation from a base of 0�C (GDDo) was the most reliable index of commencement of flowering (cv. 5.7 per cent). Sunfola commenced flowering at 1331 � 76 GDDo. In both seasons significantly higher seed and oil yields were obtained from a December planting (Seed yields 2628 kg ha-1 1969-70, 1808 kg ha-1 1970-71, oil yields 1025 kg ha-1 1969-70, 61 5 kg ha-1 1970-71). Lower yields at all times of planting in the second season were attributed to rust infection (Puccinia helianthi Schw) . A good correlation was obtained between oil quality (proportions of oleic and linoleic acids) and temperatures during the post flowering period. Oleic acid levels ranged from 12 to 48 per cent. Linoleic acid levels ranged from 39 to 73 per cent. Oil quality (per cent linoleic acid) improved with late sowing in association with lowered temperatures

THE FATTY ACIDS OF TRICHOPHYTON RUBRUM

1964 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Wirth ◽  
S. R. Anand
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Paper Chromatography ◽  
Trichophyton Rubrum ◽  
Behenic Acid ◽  
Chemical Degradation ◽  
Oleic And Linoleic Acids

The fatty acids of Trichophyton rubrum were investigated by gas liquid and by paper chromatography and chemical degradation. Palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acids are the principal ones in this organism, with linoleic acid predominating. Behenic acid was detected by paper chromatography.

scholarly journals Raman Study on Lipid Droplets in Hepatic Cells Co-Cultured with Fatty Acids

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 7378
Author(s):  
Pradjna N. Paramitha ◽  
Riki Zakaria ◽  
Anisa Maryani ◽  
Yukako Kusaka ◽  
Bibin B. Andriana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cell Death ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Lipid Droplets ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Growth Curves ◽  
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Hepatic Cells ◽  
Oleic And Linoleic Acids

The purpose of the present study was to investigate molecular compositions of lipid droplets changing in live hepatic cells stimulated with major fatty acids in the human body, i.e., palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acids. HepG2 cells were used as the model hepatic cells. Morphological changes of lipid droplets were observed by optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) during co-cultivation with fatty acids up to 5 days. The compositional changes in the fatty chains included in the lipid droplets were analyzed via Raman spectroscopy and chemometrics. The growth curves of the cells indicated that palmitic, stearic, and linoleic acids induced cell death in HepG2 cells, but oleic acid did not. Microscopic observations suggested that the rates of fat accumulation were high for oleic and linoleic acids, but low for palmitic and stearic acids. Raman analysis indicated that linoleic fatty chains taken into the cells are modified into oleic fatty chains. These results suggest that the signaling pathway of cell death is independent of fat stimulations. Moreover, these results suggest that hepatic cells have a high affinity for linoleic acid, but linoleic acid induces cell death in these cells. This may be one of the causes of inflammation in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).

Conjugated Linoleic Acid Is a Growth Factor for Rats as Shown by Enhanced Weight Gain and Improved Feed Efficiency

1994 ◽  
Vol 124 (12) ◽  
pp. 2344-2349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sou F. Chin ◽  
Jayne M. Storkson ◽  
Karen J. Albright ◽  
Mark E. Cook ◽  
Michael W. Pariza
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Feed Efficiency

Effects of exercise and food restriction on serum cholesterol and liver lipids

1964 ◽  
Vol 207 (2) ◽  
pp. 460-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn M. Jones ◽  
Henry J. Montoye ◽  
Perry B. Johnson ◽  
Sister M. John Martin Martin ◽  
Wayne D. Van Huss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Serum Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Hepatic Cholesterol ◽  
Vigorous Exercise ◽  
Body Fatness ◽  
Hepatic Lipids ◽  
Serum Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Ash Weight ◽  
Percentage Basis

The effect of 15 weeks of regular, vigorous exercise (swimming) on serum and hepatic cholesterol in rats was studied. The effect of exercise on body composition and the interrelation of body composition and serum and hepatic cholesterol was also investigated. Caloric restriction without exercise was imposed on another group of rats in an effort to produce animals with body composition similar to those subjected to exercise. The calorie-restricted animals were retarded in growth as evidenced by lower ash weight but their body composition on a percentage basis was almost identical to the ad libitum fed animals who were not exercised. It was concluded that: 1) Exercise was effective in preventing most of the increase in body fatness and serum cholesterol concentration associated with an increase in age. 2) Neither total nor free cholesterol concentration in the liver was affected by exercise, but the concentration of total hepatic lipids was reduced. 3) Body fatness, serum cholesterol, and concentration of total hepatic lipids were all positively correlated with each other and inversely related to weight of the adrenal glands in the animals.

Effects of Trans and CIS Isomers of Oleic and Linoleic Acids on Platelets and Endothelial Cells

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Rastogi ◽  
C. Lowery ◽  
A. Nordøy
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Trans Isomer ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Primary Cultures ◽  
Trans Isomers ◽  
Cis Isomer ◽  
Oleic And Linoleic Acids

The role of trans isomers of fatty acids in the development of coronary heart disease has been questioned. Hwang and Kinsella (l) indicated that feeding of trans linoleate to rats caused decreased serum prostaglandins. We report the effect of trans isomers of oleic and linoleic acids on platelet aggregation (PA). No significant differences were observed in collagen- and ADP-induced PA in platelet rich plasma preincubated with the various fatty acids bound to albumin for 90 min. When the albumin bound fatty acids were incubated with primary cultures of human endothelial cells (ECM) and PRP for a similar periode of time, significant differences in PA were observed with ADP but not with collagen. PA was higher for the trans isomer than for the cis isomer of linoleic acid. This difference disappeared when the ECM were preincubated for 15 minutes with indomethacin. We suggest that endothelial cells could synthesize prostacyclin (PGI2) from cis isomer of linoleic acid but not from the trans isomer.

scholarly journals Effect of peripheral circadian dysfunction on metabolic disease in response to a diabetogenic diet

2016 ◽  
Vol 310 (11) ◽  
pp. E900-E911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja S. Pijut ◽  
Danielle E. Corbett ◽  
Yuhuan Wang ◽  
Jianing Li ◽  
Richard J. Charnigo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Hepatic Cholesterol ◽  
Light Phase ◽  
Core Component ◽  
Metabolic Phenotyping ◽  
Hepatic Lipids ◽  
Elevated Expression ◽  
Male Cohort ◽  
Adipose Inflammation ◽  
The Impact

BMAL1 is a core component of the transcription/translation machinery that regulates central and peripheral circadian rhythms that coordinate behavior and metabolism, respectively. Our objective was to determine the impact of BMAL1 in adipose alone or in combination with liver on metabolic phenotypes. Control, adipose- Bmal1 knockout (ABKO), and liver- and adipose- Bmal1 knockout (LABKO) female mice were placed in TSE System metabolic chambers for metabolic phenotyping. A second cohort of male mice was fed a control or diabetogenic diet, and body weight and composition, glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and serum and hepatic lipids were measured. Both female ABKO and LABKO mice exhibited increased food consumption compared with control mice. ABKO mice also exhibited increased overall activity predominantly during the light phase compared with both control and LABKO mice and were protected from increased weight gain. When the male cohort was challenged with a diabetogenic diet, LABKO mice had increased body weight due to increased fat mass compared with control and ABKO mice. However, these mice did not present further impairments in glycemic control, adipose inflammation, or liver injury. LABKO mice had increased hepatic cholesterol and elevated expression of cholesterol synthesis and uptake genes. Our data indicate that deletion of this allele in adipose or in combination with liver alters feeding behavior and locomotor activity. However, obesity is exacerbated only with the combination of liver and adipose deletion.

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