scholarly journals Crescentic Cataracts in Alderley Park Rats

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Lazenby ◽  
F. R. Westwood ◽  
P. Greaves
Keyword(s):  
Lens Capsule ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Clinical Evolution ◽  
Lens Fibers ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Hormone Status ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Posterior Direction ◽  
Long Term Studies

The ophthalmoscopic appearances and the clinical evolution of a previously poorly documented form of crescentic cataract was studied in over 2,000 untreated Alderley Park rats between 4 and 110 weeks of age. In addition, 401 ex-breeder females, 54 gonadectomized males, and 56 gonadectomized females of the same strain were studied. The light microscopic features of the lenticular changes were also examined in detail. The cataracts, crescentic in shape and originating dorsally at the lens equator, were mostly unilateral. They appeared from about 30 weeks of age and affected 4% of intact males and 14% of intact females by about 2 years of age. Fewer cataracts were found in ex-breeder females, and none were found in male or female gonadectomized rats up to 2 years of age. The cataracts developed rapidly and became fully formed in 3 months. Subsequently, most cataracts scarcely progressed. Only a few extended to involve the entire lens. Some appeared to regress completely. Histologically, affected lens fibers showed swelling, globular disintegration, and liquefaction, most marked in the cortex medial to the lens bow area and extending along the direction of the lens fibers in an anterior and posterior direction but only occasionally reaching the lens capsule. The cause of these age-related lenticular changes in the Alderley Park rat is uncertain, but these changes are important during the conduct of long-term studies with this strain because their incidence can be modulated by agents that alter sex hormone status.

scholarly journals Угрупування та інвазія Сyclachaena Xanthiifolia на антропогенно порушених екотопах

2015 ◽  
pp. 49-54
Author(s):  
О. М. Курдюкова ◽  
К. О. Жердєва
Keyword(s):  
Power Level ◽  
Maximum Intensity ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Plant Populations ◽  
Age Related ◽  
As Species ◽  
Seed Growing ◽  
Long Term Studies

Наведено дані багаторічних польових дослідженьщодо особливостей росту й розвитку рослинСyclachaena xanthiifolia та видового й кількісного складувидів-супутників у ценопопуляціях різного вікового спек-тру за різних еколого-фітоценотичних і антропогеннихфакторів дії. Установлено, що видовий та кількіснийсклад найпоширеніших бур’янів у різновікових угрупу-ваннях Сyclachaena xanthiifolia суттєво змінювався, ащільність популяцій від сходів до плодоношення змен-шувалася майже в 10 разів. Найвищою щільністю схо-дів Сyclachaena xanthiifolia (412–321 шт./м2), рівнемжиттєвості (4) та плодючості (80,5–93,8 тис. шт. зрослини) відзначалися ценопопуляції з невисоким ан-тропогенним впливом на території тваринницькоїферми та вздовж берегів річки на пухких вологих ґрун-тах, багатих органічними речовинами. This paper contains the data obtained in the long-term studies of the features which characterize the growth and development of Сyclachaena xanthiifolia plants, as well as species and quantitative composition of associated weeds in various age-related cenopopulations with different ecologo-phytocenotic and anthropogenic influencing factors. It is determined, that the species and quantitative composition of the most common weeds in uneven-aged communities of Сyclachaena xanthiifolia plants was considerably varied, and the intensity of plant populations from emerging to maturity was decreased by about 10 times. The maximum intensity of emerging Сyclachaena xanthiifolia plants (412–321 pieces/m2), vital power level (4), and seed growing potential (80,5–93,8 thousand of seeds per plant) are characteristic for cenopopulations with a low anthropogenic impact, which are located within territories of livestock farms and along river banks with loose humid soils which are rich with organic substances.

Implications of Long-Term Studies of Three Model Preschool Programs for Head Start

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence J. Schweinhart ◽  
Elena V. Malofeeva ◽  
Lawrence J. Schweinhart ◽  
Michelle M. Englund ◽  
Arthur J. Reynolds ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head Start ◽  
Preschool Programs ◽  
Long Term Studies

Primary varicose veins

Phlebologie ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (03) ◽  
pp. 133-137
Author(s):  
H. Partsch
Keyword(s):  
Varicose Veins ◽  
Compression Therapy ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Compression Stockings ◽  
Primary Varicose Veins ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Convincing Data ◽  
Long Term Studies

SummaryBackground: Compression stockings are widely used in patients with varicose veins. Methods: Based on published literature three main points are discussed: 1. the rationale of compression therapy in primary varicose veins, 2. the prescription of compression stockings in daily practice, 3. studies required in the future. Results: The main objective of prescribing compression stockings for patients with varicose veins is to improve subjective leg complaints and to prevent swelling after sitting and standing. No convincing data are available concerning prevention of progression or of complications. In daily practice varicose veins are the most common indication to prescribe compression stockings. The compliance depends on the severity of the disorder and is rather poor in less severe stages. Long-term studies are needed to proof the cost-effectiveness of compression stockings concerning subjective symptoms and objective signs of varicose veins adjusted to their clinical severity. Conclusion: Compression stockings in primary varicose veins are able to improve leg complaints and to prevent swelling.

Diatoms and aquatic palynomorphs in the sediments of the Eurasian Arctic seas and their significance for paleooceanological investigations in the Arctic

2019 ◽  
pp. 246-251
Author(s):  
Yelena I. Polyakova ◽  
Yekaterina I. Novichkova ◽  
Tatiana S. Klyuvitkina ◽  
Elizaveta A. Agafonova ◽  
Irina M. Kryukova
Keyword(s):  
Bering Sea ◽  
Surface Sediments ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Marginal Filter ◽  
Arctic Seas ◽  
Hydrological Parameters ◽  
The Arctic Ocean ◽  
Long Term Studies

Presented the results of long-term studies of diatoms and aquatic palynomorphs in surface sediments of the Arctic seas and the possibility of their use for the reconstructions of paleocirculation water masses, advection of Atlantic and Bering sea water into the Arctic ocean, changes in the river runoff to the seas, sedimentary processes in the marginal filter of the largest rivers, seasonal sea ice cover and other hydrological parameters.

Aspects of the Evolution of the Romanian Tourists’ Preferences Concerning the Domestic Tourist Destinations

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Aniela Bălăcescu ◽  
Radu Șerban Zaharia
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Model ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Tourist Destinations ◽  
Tourism Management ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
On Line ◽  
The One ◽  
Long Term Studies

Abstract Tourist services represent a category of services in which the inseparability of production and consumption, the inability to be storable, the immateriality, and last but not least non-durability, induces in tourism management a number of peculiarities and difficulties. Under these circumstances the development of medium-term strategies involves long-term studies regarding on the one hand the developments and characteristics of the demand, and on the other hand the tourist potential analysis at regional and local level. Although in the past 20 years there has been tremendous growth of on-line booking made by household users, the tour operators agencies as well as those with sales activity continue to offer the specific services for a large number of tourists, that number, in the case of domestic tourism, increased by 1.6 times in case of the tour operators and by 4.44 times in case of the agencies with sales activity. At the same time, there have been changes in the preferences of tourists regarding their holiday destinations in Romania. Started on these considerations, paper based on a logistic model, examines the evolution of the probabilities and scores corresponding to the way the Romanian tourists spend their holidays on the types of tourism agencies, actions and tourist areas in Romania.

Planning a system of permanent sample plots for integrated long-term studies of community-based forest management

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Meilby ◽  
L Puri ◽  
M Christensen ◽  
S Rayamajhi
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Managed Forests ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Permanent Sample Plots ◽  
Long Term Studies

To monitor the development of four community-managed forests, networks of permanent sample plots were established in 2005 at sites in Chitwan, Kaski and Mustang Districts, Nepal. This research note documents the procedures used when preparing for establishment of the plot networks, evaluates the applied stratification of the forest on the basis of data gathered in pilot surveys conducted in the early 2005, and provides a discussion on the implications of the choices made. Key words: Community-managed forests; permanent sample plots; stratification; allocation; estimates Banko Janakari Vol.16(2) 2006 pp.3-11

Budapest airport air quality long-term studies by remote sensing with DOAS and FTIR with focus upon runway emissions

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaus Schäfer ◽  
Gregor Schürmann ◽  
Carsten Jahn ◽  
Candy Matuse ◽  
Herbert Hoffmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Long Term Studies

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Depression and Sex Hormones among Patients Receiving Long-Term Opioid Treatment for Chronic Noncancer Pain in Taiwan—A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 7837
Author(s):  
Shung-Tai Ho ◽  
Tso-Chou Lin ◽  
Chun-Chang Yeh ◽  
Kuang-I Cheng ◽  
Wei-Zen Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Function ◽  
Sex Hormones ◽  
Sex Hormone ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Noncancer Pain ◽  
Depression Diagnosis ◽  
Opioid Treatment ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Noncancer Pain

Background: Long-term use of opioids for chronic noncancer pain is associated with sex hormone disturbances. The interferences with sex hormones, sexual function, and depression were investigated in patients with chronic noncancer pain. Methods: A cross-sectional multicenter survey was conducted on 170 officially registered outpatients receiving long-term opioid treatment in nine medical centers in Taiwan between October 2018 and July 2019. Serum sex hormone levels were examined after the collection of self-administered questionnaires containing the Taiwanese version of the Brief Pain Inventory, depressive status, and sexual function interference. Results: Among 117 (68.8%) questionnaire responses from 170 enrolled outpatients, 38 women and 62 men completed the sex hormone tests, among whom only 23 (23%) had previously received blood hormone tests. Low serum total testosterone levels were detected in 34 (89.5%) women (<30 ng/dL) and 31 (50%) men (<300 ng/dL). Over 60% of women and men reported reduced sexual desire and function despite a nearly 50% reduction in pain intensity and daily function interference over the previous week after opioid treatment. Women generally had higher risks of a depression diagnosis (p = 0.034) and severe depressive symptoms (p = 0.003) and nonsignificantly lower opioid treatment duration (median 81 vs. 120 months) and morphine milligram equivalent (median 134 vs. 165 mg/day) compared with men. Conclusions: This survey demonstrated the high prevalence of depression diagnosis, low sex hormone levels, and reduced sexual function among Taiwanese patients with chronic noncancer pain receiving prolonged opioid therapy. Regular hypogonadal screenings are recommended for further management.

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