scholarly journals Apparent Emotional Expression Explains the Effects of Head Posture on Perceived Trustworthiness and Dominance, but a Measure of Facial Width Does Not

Perception ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongyu Zhang ◽  
Hongfei Lin ◽  
David I. Perrett
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Head Tilt ◽  
Facial Structure ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Head Posture ◽  
Posture Change ◽  
Personality Perception ◽  
The Face ◽  
Head Level

Interpreting the personality and the disposition of people is important for social interaction. Both emotional expression and facial width are known to affect personality perception. Moreover, both the apparent emotional expression and the apparent width-to-height ratio of the face change with head tilt. We investigated how head tilt affects judgements of trustworthiness and dominance and whether such trait judgements reflect apparent emotion or facial width. Sixty-seven participants rated the dominance, emotion, and trustworthiness of 24 faces posing with different head tilts while maintaining eye gaze at the camera. Both the 30° up and 20° down head postures were perceived as less trustworthy and more dominant (less submissive) than the head-level posture. Change in perceived trustworthiness and submissiveness with head tilt correlated with change in apparent emotional positivity but not change in facial width. Hence, our analysis suggests that apparent emotional expression provides a better explanation of perceived trustworthiness and dominance compared with cues to facial structure.

A Facial-Action Imposter: How Head Tilt Influences Perceptions of Dominance From a Neutral Face

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 893-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Witkower ◽  
Jessica L. Tracy
Keyword(s):  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Head Tilt ◽  
Head Movements ◽  
Facial Morphology ◽  
Social Judgments ◽  
Total N ◽  
Action Unit ◽  
Facial Action ◽  
Facial Musculature ◽  
The Face

Research on face perception tends to focus on facial morphology and the activation of facial muscles while ignoring any impact of head position. We raise questions about this approach by demonstrating that head movements can dramatically shift the appearance of the face to shape social judgments without engaging facial musculature. In five studies (total N = 1,517), we found that when eye gaze was directed forward, tilting one’s head downward (compared with a neutral angle) increased perceptions of dominance, and this effect was due to the illusory appearance of lowered and V-shaped eyebrows caused by a downward head tilt. Tilting one’s head downward therefore functions as an action-unit imposter, creating the artificial appearance of a facial action unit that has a strong effect on social perception. Social judgments about faces are therefore driven not only by facial shape and musculature but also by movements in the face’s physical foundation: the head.

Supporting the Use of Rudimentary Vocalizations

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Zubow ◽  
Richard Hurtig
Keyword(s):  
Rett Syndrome ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Multiple Modalities ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Perceptual Judgments ◽  
The Face

Children with Rett Syndrome (RS) are reported to use multiple modalities to communicate although their intentionality is often questioned (Bartolotta, Zipp, Simpkins, & Glazewski, 2011; Hetzroni & Rubin, 2006; Sigafoos et al., 2000; Sigafoos, Woodyatt, Tuckeer, Roberts-Pennell, & Pittendreigh, 2000). This paper will present results of a study analyzing the unconventional vocalizations of a child with RS. The primary research question addresses the ability of familiar and unfamiliar listeners to interpret unconventional vocalizations as “yes” or “no” responses. This paper will also address the acoustic analysis and perceptual judgments of these vocalizations. Pre-recorded isolated vocalizations of “yes” and “no” were presented to 5 listeners (mother, father, 1 unfamiliar, and 2 familiar clinicians) and the listeners were asked to rate the vocalizations as either “yes” or “no.” The ratings were compared to the original identification made by the child's mother during the face-to-face interaction from which the samples were drawn. Findings of this study suggest, in this case, the child's vocalizations were intentional and could be interpreted by familiar and unfamiliar listeners as either “yes” or “no” without contextual or visual cues. The results suggest that communication partners should be trained to attend to eye-gaze and vocalizations to ensure the child's intended choice is accurately understood.

scholarly journals Eye Gaze Controlled Communication

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 3616-3620
Author(s):  
Marishetti Niharika
Keyword(s):  
Nonverbal Communication ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Digital Interface ◽  
Virtual Keyboard ◽  
Eye Blink ◽  
Nonverbal Interaction ◽  
Impaired People ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Individual

Eye gazing is the fundamental nonverbal interaction that is presently strengthening in emerging technology. This eye blink device facilitates communication among people with disabilities. The process is so simple that it can be done with the eyes blinking on the specific keys built into the virtual keyboard. This type of system may synthesize speech, regulate his environment, and provide a significant boost in self-belief in the individual. Our study emphasises the virtual keyboard, which not only includes integrated alphabetic keys but also contains emergency phrases that may seek help in a variety of scenarios. It can, however, provide voice notification and speech assistance to those who are speech-impaired. To get this, we employed our PC/computer digital Digi-Cam, which is integrated and recognises the face and its elements. As a result, the technique for detecting the face is far less complicated than everything else. The blink of an eye provides an opportunity for a mouse to click on the digital interface. Our goal is to provide nonverbal communication, and as a result, physically impaired people should be able to communicate with the use of a voice assistant. This type of innovation is a blessing for those who have lost their voice or are suffering from paralytic ailments.

scholarly journals Front Stress Distribution Under the Impact of Cutting Height to Caving Height Ratio in Extra-thick Longwall Top Coal Caving Technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bui MANH TUNG ◽  
Nguyen VAN QUANG ◽  
Nguyen PHI HUNG ◽  
Vo NGOC DUNG ◽  
Do HOANG HIEP
Keyword(s):  
Stress Distribution ◽  
Peak Stress ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Research Orientation ◽  
Geological Conditions ◽  
The Face ◽  
New Research ◽  
Longwall Top Coal Caving ◽  
Cutting Height ◽  
The Impact

The extraction with higher cutting height for extra-thick seam is the new research orientation in longwall caving technology. Due to the increase of top coal thickness and of cutting height which leads to the change of cutting/caving height ratio, the rule of roof failure (including top coal caving) and the distribution of stress around the face alter correspondingly. This paper is based on the geological conditions of face 8102 of Tashan-DaTong mine, employing the numerical model by UDEC2D code, analysing the effect of cutting/caving height ratio on the law of stress distribution ahead of the face. When the ratio of cutting/caving height decreases and the cutting height increases, the results of the research have shown that: (i)- peak stress redistributes further ahead of the face and its value manifestly drops; (ii)- the plastic deformation ahead of face significant increases and the zone of plastic strain also expands. It is therefore concluded that the variation of cutting/caving height ratio results in the redistribution of roof pressure, which contributes to the control of roof failure and face stability.

scholarly journals The face of fear and anger: Facial width-to-height ratio biases recognition of angry and fearful expressions.

Emotion ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-464 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason C. Deska ◽  
E. Paige Lloyd ◽  
Kurt Hugenberg
Keyword(s):  
Height Ratio ◽  
The Face

scholarly journals Pupillary contagion is independent of the emotional expression of the face.

Emotion ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1343-1352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Carsten ◽  
Charlotte Desmet ◽  
Ruth M. Krebs ◽  
Marcel Brass
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Expression ◽  
The Face

scholarly journals Eye Gaze and Head Posture Jointly Influence Judgments of Dominance, Physical Strength, and Anger

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo Toscano ◽  
Thomas W. Schubert ◽  
Steffen R. Giessner
Keyword(s):  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Physical Strength ◽  
Head Posture

scholarly journals In the eyes of the beholder: investigating the effect of visual probing on accuracy and gaze fixations when attending to facial expressions among primary and secondary callous-unemotional variants

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1441-1451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melina Nicole Kyranides ◽  
Kostas A. Fanti ◽  
Maria Petridou ◽  
Eva R. Kimonis
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Repeated Measurements ◽  
Facial Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Emotion ◽  
Cu Traits ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
The Face ◽  
Gaze Fixations

AbstractIndividuals with callous-unemotional (CU) traits show deficits in facial emotion recognition. According to preliminary research, this impairment may be due to attentional neglect to peoples’ eyes when evaluating emotionally expressive faces. However, it is unknown whether this atypical processing pattern is unique to established variants of CU traits or modifiable with intervention. This study examined facial affect recognition and gaze patterns among individuals (N = 80; M age = 19.95, SD = 1.01 years; 50% female) with primary vs secondary CU variants. These groups were identified based on repeated measurements of conduct problems, CU traits, and anxiety assessed in adolescence and adulthood. Accuracy and number of fixations on areas of interest (forehead, eyes, and mouth) while viewing six dynamic emotions were assessed. A visual probe was used to direct attention to various parts of the face. Individuals with primary and secondary CU traits were less accurate than controls in recognizing facial expressions across all emotions. Those identified in the low-anxious primary-CU group showed reduced overall fixations to fearful and painful facial expressions compared to those in the high-anxious secondary-CU group. This difference was not specific to a region of the face (i.e. eyes or mouth). Findings point to the importance of investigating both accuracy and eye gaze fixations, since individuals in the primary and secondary groups were only differentiated in the way they attended to specific facial expression. These findings have implications for differentiated interventions focused on improving facial emotion recognition with regard to attending and correctly identifying emotions.

scholarly journals Emotional expression and heart rate in high-risk infants during the face-to-face/still-face

2013 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 776-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Whitney I. Mattson ◽  
Naomi V. Ekas ◽  
Brittany Lambert ◽  
Ed Tronick ◽  
Barry M. Lester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Emotional Expression ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Face ◽  
High Risk Infants

Perception of eye gaze direction in a case of acquired prosopagnosia

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Fall 2019) ◽  
pp. 105-119
Author(s):  
Britt Erni ◽  
Roland Maurer ◽  
Dirk Kerzel ◽  
Nicolas Burra
Keyword(s):  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Superior Temporal Sulcus ◽  
Brain Lesions ◽  
Gaze Direction ◽  
Healthy Women ◽  
Social Settings ◽  
The Face

The ability to perceive the direction of eye gaze is critical in social settings. Brain lesions in the superior temporal sulcus (STS) impair this ability. We investigated the perception of gaze direction of PS, a patient suffering from acquired prosopagnosia (Rossion et al., 2003). Despite lesions in the face network, the STS was spared in PS. We assessed perception of gaze direction in PS with upright, inverted, and contrast-reversed faces. Compared to the performance of 11 healthy women matched for age and education, PS demonstrated abnormal discrimination of gaze direction with upright and contrast-reversed faces, but not with inverted faces. Our findings suggest that the inability of the patient to process faces holistically weakened her perception of gaze direction, especially in demanding tasks.

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