scholarly journals Eye Gaze Controlled Communication

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VI) ◽  
pp. 3616-3620
Author(s):  
Marishetti Niharika
Keyword(s):  
Nonverbal Communication ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Emerging Technology ◽  
Digital Interface ◽  
Virtual Keyboard ◽  
Eye Blink ◽  
Nonverbal Interaction ◽  
Impaired People ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Individual

Eye gazing is the fundamental nonverbal interaction that is presently strengthening in emerging technology. This eye blink device facilitates communication among people with disabilities. The process is so simple that it can be done with the eyes blinking on the specific keys built into the virtual keyboard. This type of system may synthesize speech, regulate his environment, and provide a significant boost in self-belief in the individual. Our study emphasises the virtual keyboard, which not only includes integrated alphabetic keys but also contains emergency phrases that may seek help in a variety of scenarios. It can, however, provide voice notification and speech assistance to those who are speech-impaired. To get this, we employed our PC/computer digital Digi-Cam, which is integrated and recognises the face and its elements. As a result, the technique for detecting the face is far less complicated than everything else. The blink of an eye provides an opportunity for a mouse to click on the digital interface. Our goal is to provide nonverbal communication, and as a result, physically impaired people should be able to communicate with the use of a voice assistant. This type of innovation is a blessing for those who have lost their voice or are suffering from paralytic ailments.

scholarly journals Pilot assessment of nonverbal pragmatic ability in people with asperger syndrome

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco J. Rodríguez Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Facial Expression ◽  
Asperger Syndrome ◽  
Nonverbal Communication ◽  
Nonverbal Behavior ◽  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Body Language ◽  
Nonverbal Behaviors ◽  
Nonverbal Interaction ◽  
Nonverbal Ability

Abstract The purpose of this study is to present a diagnostic tool to assess the nonverbal pragmatic behaviors of people with Asperger syndrome, with the intent to give an account of the severity of symptoms in the area of nonverbal interaction, as well as providing a profile of nonverbal behaviors that may be targeted for intervention. Through this communication profile, overall nonverbal ability is calculated in a group of 20 subjects with Asperger syndrome. The proposed scale also includes the measurement of the following nonverbal dimensions: (1) eye gaze, (2) facial expression, (3) body language and posture, (4) proxemics, (5) gestures, and (6) paralanguage. The results of this assessment suggest low nonverbal pragmatic ability in these subjects, show specific deficits in nonverbal communication, and capture variability in nonverbal behavior in individuals with AS.

Supporting the Use of Rudimentary Vocalizations

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 132-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Zubow ◽  
Richard Hurtig
Keyword(s):  
Rett Syndrome ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Acoustic Analysis ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Multiple Modalities ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Perceptual Judgments ◽  
The Face

Children with Rett Syndrome (RS) are reported to use multiple modalities to communicate although their intentionality is often questioned (Bartolotta, Zipp, Simpkins, & Glazewski, 2011; Hetzroni & Rubin, 2006; Sigafoos et al., 2000; Sigafoos, Woodyatt, Tuckeer, Roberts-Pennell, & Pittendreigh, 2000). This paper will present results of a study analyzing the unconventional vocalizations of a child with RS. The primary research question addresses the ability of familiar and unfamiliar listeners to interpret unconventional vocalizations as “yes” or “no” responses. This paper will also address the acoustic analysis and perceptual judgments of these vocalizations. Pre-recorded isolated vocalizations of “yes” and “no” were presented to 5 listeners (mother, father, 1 unfamiliar, and 2 familiar clinicians) and the listeners were asked to rate the vocalizations as either “yes” or “no.” The ratings were compared to the original identification made by the child's mother during the face-to-face interaction from which the samples were drawn. Findings of this study suggest, in this case, the child's vocalizations were intentional and could be interpreted by familiar and unfamiliar listeners as either “yes” or “no” without contextual or visual cues. The results suggest that communication partners should be trained to attend to eye-gaze and vocalizations to ensure the child's intended choice is accurately understood.

Married Life in the Middle Ages, 900-1300

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth van Houts
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Married Couple ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Emotional Life ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Individual Agency ◽  
Married Life ◽  
The Face ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Individual

This book contains an analysis of the experience of married life by men and women in Christian medieval Europe c. 900–1300. The focus will be on the social and emotional life of the married couple rather than on the institutional history of marriage. The book consists of three parts: the first part (Getting Married) is devoted to the process of getting married and wedding celebrations, the second part (Married Life) discusses the married life of lay couples and clergy, their sexuality, and any remarriage, while the third part (Alternative Living) explores concubinage and polygyny as well as the single life in contrast to monogamous sexual unions. Four main themes are central to the book. First, the tension between patriarchal family strategies and the individual family member’s freedom of choice to marry and, if so, to what partner; second, the role played by the married priesthood in their quest to have individual agency and self-determination accepted in their own lives in the face of the growing imposition of clerical celibacy; third, the role played by women in helping society accept some degree of gender equality and self-determination to marry and in shaping the norms for married life incorporating these principles; fourth, the role played by emotion in the establishment of marriage and in married life at a time when sexual and spiritual love feature prominently in medieval literature.

Dilemmas of nudging in public health: an ethical analysis of a Danish pamphlet

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Busch ◽  
Emilie Kirstine Madsen ◽  
Antoinette Mary Fage-Butler ◽  
Marianne Kjær ◽  
Loni Ledderer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Ethical Analysis ◽  
Choice Making ◽  
The Face ◽  
Information Materials ◽  
The Individual ◽  
To Receive

Summary Nudging has been discussed in the context of public health, and ethical issues raised by nudging in public health contexts have been highlighted. In this article, we first identify types of nudging approaches and techniques that have been used in screening programmes, and ethical issues that have been associated with nudging: paternalism, limited autonomy and manipulation. We then identify nudging techniques used in a pamphlet developed for the Danish National Screening Program for Colorectal Cancer. These include framing, default nudge, use of hassle bias, authority nudge and priming. The pamphlet and the very offering of a screening programme can in themselves be considered nudges. Whether nudging strategies are ethically problematic depend on whether they are categorized as educative- or non-educative nudges. Educative nudges seek to affect people’s choice making by engaging their reflective capabilities. Non-educative nudges work by circumventing people’s reflective capabilities. Information materials are, on the face of it, meant to engage citizens’ reflective capacities. Recipients are likely to receive information materials with this expectation, and thus not expect to be affected in other ways. Non-educative nudges may therefore be particularly problematic in the context of information on screening, also as participating in screening does not always benefit the individual.

scholarly journals Healthy ageing, resilience and wellbeing

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 579-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. D. Cosco ◽  
K. Howse ◽  
C. Brayne
Keyword(s):  
Population Level ◽  
Healthy Ageing ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Environmental Resources ◽  
Great Achievement ◽  
Health Concept ◽  
Ageing Model ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Individual ◽  
High Level

The extension of life does not appear to be slowing, representing a great achievement for mankind as well as a challenge for ageing populations. As we move towards an increasingly older population we will need to find novel ways for individuals to make the best of the challenges they face, as the likelihood of encountering some form of adversity increases with age. Resilience theories share a common idea that individuals who manage to navigate adversity and maintain high levels of functioning demonstrate resilience. Traditional models of healthy ageing suggest that having a high level of functioning across a number of domains is a requirement. The addition of adversity to the healthy ageing model via resilience makes this concept much more accessible and more amenable to the ageing population. Through asset-based approaches, such as the invoking of individual, social and environmental resources, it is hoped that greater resilience can be fostered at a population level. Interventions aimed at fostering greater resilience may take many forms; however, there is great potential to increase social and environmental resources through public policy interventions. The wellbeing of the individual must be the focus of these efforts; quality of life is an integral component to the enjoyment of additional years and should not be overlooked. Therefore, it will become increasingly important to use resilience as a public health concept and to intervene through policy to foster greater resilience by increasing resources available to older people. Fostering wellbeing in the face of increasing adversity has significant implications for ageing individuals and society as a whole.

Mandible: evaluation of its morphology, aging process and sexual dimorphism for aesthetic treatment purpose

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Luiz Eduardo Toledo Avelar
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Bone Structure ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Mandibular Angle ◽  
Fractional Analysis ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Dynamic Quality ◽  
Base Of The Skull

The mandible is the most important bone structure of the facial makeup. Its morphology differs with respect to genetic factors, sexual dimorphism, and age. Among its particular characteristics is the ability to adapt with its counterpart, the base of the skull, conferring a dynamic quality of this bone, by the mechanism of constant remodeling. In order to understand the involvement of the mandible in the evaluation of the lower third of the face, a fractional analysis of its parts is necessary considering morphological parameters of the mandibular angle. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate the importance of the mandible as an instrument in the analysis of the lower third of the face, allowing the accomplishment of aesthetic treatment, respecting the individual characteristics.

A Veiled Threat: Belcacemi and Oussar v Belgium

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 190-200
Author(s):  
Jasper Doomen
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Law ◽  
Freedom Of Conscience ◽  
Unequal Treatment ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Full Face ◽  
The Right

The freedom of the individual can easily come into conflict with his or her obligation to integrate in society. The case of Belcacemi and Oussar v Belgium provides a good example. It is evident that some restrictions of citizens’ freedoms must be accepted for a state to function and, more basically, persist; as a consequence, it is acceptable that certain demands, incorporated in criminal law, are made of citizens. The issue of the extent to which such restrictions are justified has increasingly become a topic of discussion. The present case raises a number of important questions with respect to the right to wear a full-face veil in public if the societal norm is that the face should be visible, the most salient of which are whether women should be ‘protected’ from unequal treatment against their will and to what extent society may impose values on the individual. I will argue that Belgian law places unwarranted restrictions on citizens and that the values behind it testify to an outlook that is difficult to reconcile with the freedom of conscience and religion.

scholarly journals The face of the other: the particular versus the individual

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-313
Author(s):  
Claire Farago
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Puerto Rican ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
New Spain ◽  
The Other ◽  
Upper Class ◽  
European Culture ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Ethnographic Image

Abstract Five interrelated case studies from the sixteenth to the twentieth centuries develop the dynamic contrast between portraiture and pictorial genres newly invented in and about Latin America that do not represent their subjects as individuals despite the descriptive focus on the particular. From Jean de Léry’s genre-defining proto-ethnographic text (1578) about the Tupinamba of Brazil to the treatment of the Creole upper class in New Spain as persons whose individuality deserves to be memorialized in contrast to the Mestizaje, African, and Indian underclass objectified as types deserving of scientific study, hierarchical distinctions between portraiture and ethnographic images can be framed in historical terms around the Aristotelian categories of the universal, the individual, and the particular. There are also some intriguing examples that destabilize these inherited distinctions, such as Puerto Rican artist José Campeche’s disturbing and poignant image of a deformed child, Juan Pantaléon Aviles, 1808; and an imaginary portrait of Moctezuma II, c. 1697, based on an ethnographic image, attributed to the leading Mexican painter Antonio Rodriguez. These anomalies serve to focus the study on the hegemonic position accorded to the viewing subject as actually precarious and unstable, always ripe for reinterpretation at the receiving end of European culture.

scholarly journals DESKRIPSI TINGKAT KECEMASAN REMAJA PUTRI YANG MENGALAMI MENARCH DI SMP ISLAM TERPADU KHOLISATURRAHMI BINJAI

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Leny Suarni
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Autonomic Nervous System Activity ◽  
Nervous System Activity ◽  
Group Experiences ◽  
The Face ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Keywords Anxiety ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Severe Anxiety

<strong><em></em></strong><em>Menarche is the first menstruation that usually occurs in the age range of 10-16 years or in early adolescence in the middle of puberty before entering reproduction (Proverawati and Misaroh, 2009). Menarche is the first mestruasi blood expenditure, the arrival of menarche can cause positive or negative reactions, a positive reaction if the individual is able to appreciate, understand and accept menarche as a sign of maturity that is owned by a woman otherwise a negative reaction will cause anxiety. Anxiety is a condition where an individual or group experiences anxiety (judgment or opinion) and autonomic nervous system activity in responding to threats that are unclear, non specific. The purpose of this research is to determine the level of anxiety of adolescents facing menarche in  IT Khalisaturrahmi Binjai, mild anxiety level, moderate anxiety level, severe anxiety level. The type of research used is descriptive. The population in this study amounted to 32 respondents. The sample in this study amounted to 24 respondents with consecutive sampling techniques. The results showed that respondents experienced mild anxiety levels of 12 people (50%), 8 people (33%) moderate anxiety and 4 people (17%) with severe anxiety. From the results of the study it can be concluded that the level of anxiety of adolescents facing menarche in IT Middle School Khalisaturrahmi Binjai majority in the category of mild anxiety levels, amounting to 12 respondents or (50%). Further researchers are advised to conduct research on the handling of anxiety in young women in the face of menarche</em><strong><em></em></strong><em>.</em> <br /><p><strong><em>Keywords: Anxiety, </em></strong><strong>Princess Adolescents<em>, Menarche</em></strong></p>

scholarly journals Eye Gaze Controlled Virtual Keyboard

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 3264-3269 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Interaction Process ◽  
Human Face ◽  
Eye Detection ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Virtual Keyboard ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Information Tracking ◽  
Flow Charts

Human Computer Interaction is an emerging technology which refers to a vast number of algorithms and different types of techniques to enhance the interaction process. Eye gaze technology is one of the most significant techniques of modern science and can be used in many areas like security, typing, information tracking etc. The need of the system for physically disable people motivated many researchers to develop systems which can be used only using the eye gaze and blinking. In this paper, we are going to represent the development of a virtual keyboard which work by detecting eye gaze and eye blinking. It involves building a system that capture video directly from PC camera and detects human face, eyes. To detect face accurately we will follow a simple rule as the eyes and lips are always in the sample place as image, which will make the eye detection process much easier. To do this we are going to use an approach that involves the 68 points of face which is specific and must exist in every face as- the eye area, top of the chin, eyebrow, nose, outside edge of face etc. It also detect eye gaze as left, right to select keyboard portion and eye blinking to select the desired key from the virtual keyboard on the board. The goal of this system is to type without using finger or hands. Such types of application are really important and blessings for those people who completely lost the control of their limbs. The methodology is described including flow-charts for each stage of the system and then implementation results has described.

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