A Prospective Study on Self-Reported Psychopathy and Criminal Recidivism Among Incarcerated Male Juvenile Offenders

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (14) ◽  
pp. 2383-2405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Pechorro ◽  
Michael C. Seto ◽  
James V. Ray ◽  
Isabel Alberto ◽  
Mário R. Simões
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Juvenile Detention ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Detention Centers ◽  
Antisocial Process Screening Device ◽  
General Recidivism ◽  
A Prospective Study

The present study examines the utility of three self-report measures of psychopathic traits in predicting recidivism among a sample of incarcerated male juvenile offenders. Participants ( N = 214, M = 16.40 years, SD = 1.29 years) from seven Portuguese juvenile detention centers were followed and prospectively classified as recidivists versus non-recidivists. Area under the curve (AUC) analysis revealed that the Antisocial Process Screening Device–Self-Report (APSD-SR) presented the best performance in terms of predicting general recidivism, with the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (YPI) and the Childhood and Adolescent Taxon Scale–Self-Report (CATS-SR) presenting much poorer results. However, logistic regression models controlling for past frequency of crimes and age of first incarceration found that none of these self-report measures significantly predicted 1- or 3-year recidivism, whether general or violent. Findings suggest there are limitations in terms of the incremental utility of self-report measures of psychopathic traits in predicting recidivism among juveniles.

scholarly journals Do incarcerated male juvenile recidivists differ from first-time offenders on self-reported psychopathic traits? A retrospective study

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Pechorro ◽  
Teresa Braga ◽  
James V. Ray ◽  
Rui Abrunhosa Gonçalves ◽  
Henrik Andershed
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Antisocial Process Screening Device ◽  
Callous Unemotional Traits ◽  
Crime Seriousness ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Screening Device ◽  
First Time

The current study analyzed the relation between recidivism and self-reported psychopathic traits, more specifically the callous-unemotional, impulsivity, and narcissism dimensions of the psychopathy construct. The Antisocial Process Screening Device – Self-Report (APSD-SR) and other self-report instruments independently measuring the three different dimensions of psychopathy (that is, Inventory of Callous-Unemotional Traits, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11, Narcissistic Personality-13) were completed by a sample of incarcerated male juvenile offenders ( N = 244) who were retrospectively classified as recidivists versus non-recidivists. The only statistically significant relation found between recidivism and self-reported psychopathic traits after controlling for age and socioeconomic status was with the impulsivity dimension of the APSD-SR. Additionally, results showed that recidivism was associated with alcohol use but not with drug use or crime seriousness.

scholarly journals Mental and Physical Health Problems as Conditions of Ex-Prisoner Re-Entry

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7642
Author(s):  
Anna Pękala-Wojciechowska ◽  
Andrzej Kacprzak ◽  
Krzysztof Pękala ◽  
Marta Chomczyńska ◽  
Piotr Chomczyński ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Social Stigma ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Juvenile Detention ◽  
Detention Centers ◽  
Physical Health Problems ◽  
Group Interviews ◽  
Mental And Physical Health

The article focuses on a less-discussed issue of social marginalization of people leaving penitentiaries, which is the prevalence of multifaceted health problems experienced by people in this category. It includes poor health status, resulting from, among others, poor housing conditions, harmful or risky lifestyle, and lack of access to medical services. Data from the District Inspectorate of the Prison Service in Lodz, Poland on the health conditions of inmates was accessed. These data were supplemented by qualitative research conducted in 21 juvenile detention centers and 8 prisons across the country, conducting direct observations and In-Depth Interviews (IDI). A total of 198 IDIs were conducted with incarcerated (72) and released (30) juvenile offenders, and incarcerated (68) and released (28) adult offenders. These were complemented by IDIs with experts (50) and Focus Group Interviews (FGIs; 8) with male and female inmates in 4 Polish prisons. The study revealed that mental and physical health is a serious obstacle to social reintegration of ex-prisoners. It is rarely addressed by state institutions. There are strong associations between neglect of health issues in the prison population and increasing social exclusion after leaving prison. As Poland has a restrictive penal policy, former prisoners remain a group with social stigma and little support.

Self-Reported Suicidal Behavior in Juvenile Offenders in Custody: Prevalence and Associated Factors

Crisis ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenny Morgan ◽  
Keith Hawton
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Juvenile Detention ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Joint Project ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Detention Centers ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Summary: Suicide rates in prisons in England and Wales are high, including those in juvenile detention centers. Previous deliberate self-harm (DSH) is the strongest predictor of suicide in the general population. There is limited information on how many juvenile offenders (15 to 18 year-olds) have a history of DSH at the time of entering custody, or on factors associated with previous DSH. We aimed to determine the prevalence of previous DSH and suicidal ideation in a population of juvenile offenders in custody and to identify factors associated with DSH and suicidal ideation. Seven out of 45 subjects (15.6%) reported an act of DSH in the past. Twelve (26.6%) reported past suicidal ideation. Peer relationship difficulties and sexual abuse were significantly associated with DSH (p < 0.05). Other factors showed a trend toward being more common among those with DSH, but the premature ending of the project by the juvenile detention center prevented full investigation of the extent of DSH and associated factors. Nevertheless, the results indicated a much higher rate of DSH in this population than in young males in the community. A larger joint project with juvenile detention centers is required to confirm the extent of previous DSH at the time young offenders are admitted, and the associated risk factors, in order to assist prevention and intervention strategies.

Demographic Differences in Youth Perceptions of Staff: A National Evaluation of Adjudicated Youth

2020 ◽  
pp. 0306624X2092802
Author(s):  
Casey A. Pederson ◽  
Paula J. Fite ◽  
Jonathan L. Poquiz
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Juvenile Detention ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Personal Cost ◽  
Detention Centers ◽  
Marginalized Groups ◽  
Older Youth ◽  
Youth Perceptions ◽  
Heterosexual Youth ◽  
Staff Behavior

Despite the large societal and personal cost associated with the detainment of juvenile offenders in residential facilities, little is known about the factors that contribute to youth behavior while incarcerated. One factor that may be of importance to maintaining security within facilities and improving rehabilitation efforts is youth’s perceptions of correctional staff, namely, youth’s perceptions of positive staff characteristics (e.g., friendliness; helpfulness) and staff behavior toward youth (e.g., fair punishments). Accordingly, the current study used the National Survey of Youth in Custody across two cohorts to better understand youth perceptions about staff by examining rates of these perceptions within juvenile detention centers nationwide. Furthermore, given the overrepresentation of marginalized groups in the justice system, systematic differences in youth’s perceptions about staff were evaluated based on demographic characteristics, including age, race, sex, and sexual orientation, to better understand how these characteristics influence youth perceptions. Results suggested several significant differences based on demographic characteristics, with the most prominent and consistent differences associated with race and age, with Black youth and older youth having the least positive views of staff. Interestingly, non-heterosexual youth were more likely to view staff characteristics as positive than heterosexual youth. Implications of findings are discussed.

The Reliability and Validity of the Measure of Criminal Attitudes and Associates and the Pride in Delinquency Scale in a Mixed Sex Sample of Justice-Involved Youth

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 751-769
Author(s):  
Heidi R. O’Hagan ◽  
Shelley L. Brown ◽  
Natalie J. Jones ◽  
Tracey A. Skilling
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Violent Recidivism ◽  
General Recidivism ◽  
Male Offender

It is unclear if self-report measures of criminal attitudes and associates—developed and validated predominately on adult male offender samples—can or should be used with justice-involved girls. With a sample of 300 justice-involved youth (100 females, 200 males), this study examined the reliability and validity of the Measure of Criminal Attitudes and Associates (MCAA) and the Pride in Delinquency Scale (PIDS). Both measures evidenced reliability and convergent and discriminant validity in both sexes. The MCAA and the PIDS consistently predicted general recidivism for males (majority of area under the curve [AUCs; 7 out of 10] ranged from .60 to .68), but not for females (majority of AUCs [6 out of 8] ranged from .50 to .59). Both measures predicted violent recidivism across sex, with the majority of AUCs ranging from .60 to .67. More work is needed with exclusive female samples to better understand and operationalize criminal attitudes through a gender-informed lens.

Self-Reported Psychopathic-Like Traits as Predictors of Recidivism in Detained Male Adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (11) ◽  
pp. 1421-1435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier F. Colins ◽  
Robert Vermeiren ◽  
Marleen De Bolle ◽  
Eric Broekaert
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Validity ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Criminal History ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Affective Dimension ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Detention Centers ◽  
Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory ◽  
Official Information

Few studies have examined whether psychopathic-like traits predict recidivism in detained youth. The current study investigated the predictive validity of self-report of psychopathic-like traits for official recidivism. Participants were 223 detained male adolescents from all three Flemish youth detention centers, who were assessed with the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory (YPI). Two to four years later, official information on recidivism was collected. Recidivism was defined in four ways. Neither the affective dimension nor the broader construct of psychopathy (i.e., total YPI score) was predictive of recidivism above and beyond criminal history. The behavioral and interpersonal dimensions, however, significantly added to the prediction of substance-related recidivism. Overall, psychopathic-like traits in detained adolescents assessed by means of the YPI did not convincingly predict recidivism. Implications of the findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Antisocial Process Screening Device

2016 ◽  
Vol 60 (16) ◽  
pp. 1856-1872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Pechorro ◽  
Victoria Hidalgo ◽  
Cristina Nunes ◽  
Lucía Jiménez
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Factor Structure ◽  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Juvenile Offender ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Antisocial Process Screening Device ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Screening Device ◽  
Forensic Sample

The main aim of the present study was to examine the factor structure, internal consistency, and some additional psychometric properties of the Antisocial Process Screening Device–Self-Report (APSD-SR) among a large forensic sample of incarcerated male juvenile offenders ( N = 438). The results, based on this forensic sample, support the use of the APSD-SR in terms of its factor structure, and internal consistency despite the fact an item had to be removed from the callous-unemotional (CU) dimension. Statistically significant positive associations were found with measures of psychopathic traits, CU traits, narcissism, and aggression, as well as negative associations with a measure of empathy. Findings provide support for the use of the APSD-SR among the incarcerated male juvenile offender population.

Disproportionate Minority Contact Among Juveniles Adjudicated for Sexual, Violent, and General Offending

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca L. Fix ◽  
Spencer T. Fix ◽  
Christine M. Wienke Totura ◽  
Barry R. Burkhart
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Offenders ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Sexual Offending ◽  
Juvenile Detention ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Disproportionate Minority Contact ◽  
Detention Center ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Violent Offending ◽  
Juvenile Detention Center

The present study tested whether differences in violence exposure and parent and peer attachment help explain why disproportionate minority contact is lower among adolescents adjudicated for sexual offending than among adolescents adjudicated for other offenses. The 1,109 male juvenile offenders recruited from a juvenile detention center were interviewed, completed self-report measures, and legal documentation of prior offenses was obtained. Using a hierarchical multinomial logistic regression, a unique constellation of factors were found to predict sexual and violent offending relative to general offending. Moreover, the influence of race/ethnicity was diminished in the final model, suggesting disproportionate minority contact is partially explained by contextual factors.

scholarly journals The Persian Self-Report Version of the Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD-P): A Psychometric Evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ebrahimi ◽  
Mojtaba Elhami Athar ◽  
Mona Darvishi ◽  
Olivier F. Colins
Keyword(s):  
Internal Consistency ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Callous Unemotional ◽  
Antisocial Process Screening Device ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Screening Device

The self-report version of the Antisocial Process Screening Device (APSD) is a commonly used tool for assessing psychopathic traits in youth. This is the first study designed to examine the factor structure, internal consistency, and convergent validity of the Persian APSD-SR in a sample of 675 school-attending youth in Iran (46% girls; M age = 16.35). Confirmatory factor analysis supported a modified three-factor model, with items loading on narcissism, callous-unemotional, and impulsivity dimensions, which was invariant across gender. Notwithstanding that the internal consistency of some APSD scores was unsatisfactory, the APSD total and dimension scores showed the expected relations with external correlates (e.g., conduct problems, aggression, and low prosocial behavior), supporting the validity of the interpretation of the APSD scores. The findings showed that the APSD is a useful tool for assessing psychopathic traits in Iranian adolescents and may spark research on adolescent psychopathy in mental health and forensic settings.

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