Role Strain Experienced by Male Occupational Therapists: A Descriptive Survey

1998 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
pp. 410-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Ted Brown
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Therapy ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Role Conflict ◽  
Role Ambiguity ◽  
Role Strain ◽  
Occupational Therapists ◽  
Emotional Arousal ◽  
Role Stress ◽  
Role Overload ◽  
Patient Role

Occupational therapy is a female-dominated profession with only 5.8% of all clinicians being men. Traditionally, occupational therapy education programmes have had limited success in recruiting men and those men who do become therapists tend to work in the profession for only short periods of time. The purpose of this study was to identify the factors that have an impact on male occupational therapists. Specifically, role strain due to community, colleagues and patients, three types of role stress (role ambiguity, role conflict and role overload) and the demographic characteristics of male occupational therapists in Canada were examined. Role strain is a subjective state of emotional arousal (such as increased level of awareness, general emotional arousal, distress, anxiety or frustration) in response to the external conditions of social stress. Community role strain was considered to arise from the negative attitudes of people outside the immediate work environment. Colleague role strain was considered to arise from the attitudes and behaviours of co-workers and others employed in the work environment. Patient role strain was considered to arise from the acts and attitudes of patients and their families. Role stress is a social structural condition in which role obligations are vague, irritating, difficult, conflicting or impossible to meet. Role ambiguity was defined as vagueness or a lack of clarity of role expectation. Role conflict was defined as role expectations that are incompatible. Role overload was defined as too much expected in the time available. A questionnaire was posted to all male therapists who were members of the Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists (n = 199). Eighty-three per cent of the sample responded. The survey instruments consisted of a demographic questionnaire, the Egeland and Brown Rating Scale, the Rizzo, House and Lirtzman Scale and the Beehr, Walsh and Taber Scale. As a group, male occupational therapists reported a moderate level of community role strain, colleague role strain and patient role strain. Similarly, male occupational therapists also reported a moderate degree of role conflict and role overload, but had a low level of role ambiguity.

scholarly journals The effect of role stress on organizational commitment

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 772-747
Author(s):  
SooMin Ryu ◽  
TaeYong Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Commitment ◽  
Role Conflict ◽  
Psychological Contract ◽  
Role Ambiguity ◽  
Role Stress ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Psychological Contract Breach ◽  
Role Overload ◽  
Contract Breach ◽  
The Relationship

The first purpose of the study was to examine the mediating effect of psychological contract breach in the relationship between role stress(role ambiguity, role conflict, and role overload) and organizational commitment. The second purpose of this study was to examine the moderating effect of resilience in the relationship between role stress(role ambiguity, role conflict, and role overload) and psychological contract breach. For these purposes, data were collected from 267 employees working in various corporations by questionnaires. Results indicated that role ambiguity, role conflict, and role overload have positive effects on psychological contract breach, and that psychological contract breach has a negative effect on organizational commitment. The psychological contract breach partially mediated the relationship between role ambiguity and organizational commitment, and fully mediated the relationship between role conflict and role overload and organizational commitment. The moderation effect of resilience was found because resilience weakens the positive relationship between role overload and psychological contract breach. Based on these results, academic and practical implications were discussed. Finally, the limitations of this study and directions for the future research were discussed.

scholarly journals An Exploratory Salesforce Study Of The Relationship Between Leader-Member Exchange And Motivation, Role Stress, And Manager Evaluation

2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary R. Lagace ◽  
Stephen B. Castleberry ◽  
Rick E. Ridnour
Keyword(s):  
Role Conflict ◽  
Role Ambiguity ◽  
Role Stress ◽  
Sales Manager ◽  
Role Overload ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Member Exchange ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Role Insufficiency

With the movement in the U.S. economy toward a total quality environment, there will be a greater focus on relationships building within an organization. This study sought to empirically explore the association between sales manager salesperson relationships and salesperson motivation, stress, and evaluation of the manager. Results suggest that cadres (high quality relationships) are higher on extrinsic and intrinsic instrumentality, extrinsic valence, and evaluation of their manager. Cadres are lower on the role overload, role insufficiency, role ambiguity, and role conflict. Implications of these findings and suggestions for future research are offered.

The influence of self-esteem and role stress on job performance in hotel businesses

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1082-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilmaz Akgunduz
Keyword(s):  
Job Performance ◽  
Role Conflict ◽  
Role Ambiguity ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Role Stress ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Role Overload ◽  
Hotel Management ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Research Findings

Purpose – The main purpose of this study is to explore the influence of self-esteem and role stress on job performance in the hotel businesses. Moreover, the research aims to discover which role stress factors, i.e. role ambiguity, role conflict and role overload, have the most detrimental effect on an employee’s role stress in the hotel businesses. Design/methodology/approach – To achieve the above aim, four sets of hypotheses were proposed: the first looked into the effect of role stress, which consists of role ambiguity, role conflict and role overload on job performance, and the second focused on the effect of employees’ self-esteem on job performance. A questionnaire was used and participants were drawn from 227 hotel employees in Kusadasi, Turkey. To empirically test these hypotheses, structural equation modeling was implemented. Findings – The outcome of the study indicated three patterns: role ambiguity and role conflict are negatively associated with job performance; role overload and self-esteem are positively associated with job performance; and role ambiguity creates more role stress than role conflict or overload. Practical implications – The research findings suggest that some practical methodology should be introduced to improve employees’ job performance and diminish role stress. For instance, hotel managers should decrease role ambiguity and conflict, employ personnel with high self-esteem and prioritize reducing role overload rather than reducing role ambiguity or role conflict. Originality/value – The research findings suggest that both role stress and self-esteem are important factors influencing job performance in hotel management. This paper aims to identify some important steps to increase job performance. Thus, our study should prove to be of great value to those in hotel management.

scholarly journals Improving Auditor Performance Through A Spirituality Workplace Based on Tri Hita Karana, Hardiness Personality and Role Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 444
Author(s):  
Mertyani Sari Dewi ◽  
Made Dwi Ferayani ◽  
Gusti Putu Eka Kusuma
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Role Conflict ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Role Ambiguity ◽  
Audit Quality ◽  
Workplace Spirituality ◽  
Role Stress ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Role Overload ◽  
Public Accounting

This research is motivated by the importance of auditor performance in determining the performance of quality public accounting firm (KAP). The ability of auditors in a professional manner in using audit techniques and procedures to improve audit quality has an effect on the resulting performance. The study was conducted to provide empirical evidence regarding efforts to improve auditor performance through Tri Hita Karana-based workplace spirituality, hardiness personality and role stress in Public Accounting Firms (KAP) throughout Bali Province. The population in this study were all KAP auditors in Bali Province who were listed in the Directory published by the Indonesian Institute of Certified Public Accountants (IAPI) in 2020. The sampling technique was purposive sampling with the criteria used by the sample, including the auditors working in KAP throughout Bali Province. is still actively operating and has a minimum of 1 year of service or audit experience. This research was tested using a variance based structural equation model (Structural Equation Modeling-SEM) or Component based SEM with the SmartPLS 3.0 analysis tool. The test results show empirical evidence that Tri Hita Karana-based workplace spirituality weakens the effect of role conflict on auditors' performance, but Tri Hita Karana-based workplace spirituality does not moderate the effect of role ambiguity and role overload on auditor performance, while hardiness  personality cannot moderate the effect of role conflict on performance. auditors, but hardiness personality weakens role ambiguity and role overload on auditor performance.

Double-edged effects of role stress on self-disclosure on social networking sites

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Yang Pan ◽  
Zhichao Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Role Conflict ◽  
Impression Management ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Role Ambiguity ◽  
Role Stress ◽  
Social Networking Site ◽  
Role Overload ◽  
Self Disclosure

As the number of users' social connections on social networking sites increases, different types of role stress may occur for these users. We conducted an empirical analysis of 312 WeChat Moments users, to obtain insight into how perceived role stress (role conflict, role overload, and role ambiguity) and different stress responses (impression management vs. social fatigue) influence online selfdisclosure behaviors. The results suggest that role overload and role ambiguity both had a suppressive effect on self-disclosure: Role ambiguity reduced social networking site users' need to maintain a personal network impression, whereas role overload increased their psychological fatigue in relation to interpersonal interactions. Further, although role conflict increased social fatigue, it also promoted the use of more impression management measures to promote self-disclosure. Theoretical and practical implications of the study are discussed.

Pengaruh Perceived Organizational Support (POS) dan Role Stress terhadap Job Outcome pada Akuntan Manajemen di Perusahaan-Perusahaan di Kota Surabaya

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hidayatul Khusnah
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Job Performance ◽  
Role Conflict ◽  
Organizational Support ◽  
Turnover Intention ◽  
Role Ambiguity ◽  
Perceived Organizational Support ◽  
Role Stress ◽  
Role Overload ◽  
Negative Effects

Organizational support to employees is an important because can mitigate the negative effects of role stress. The negative effects of the role stress among which reduce job satisfaction, job performance and high turnover intention. Employees who feel themselves noticed by the company will be comfortable in the work so that the performance becomes better. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of perceived organizational support (POS) to the role stress (role ambiguity, role conflict and role overload) and job outcomes (job satisfaction, job performance and turnover intention). In addition, this study also want investigates the influence of role stress (role ambiguity, role conflictand role overload) to job outcomes (job satisfaction, job performance and turnover intention). This study used a sample of management accountants and staff managementaccountants at companies in the Surabaya. The number of samples in this study were 111 respondents. Testing the hypothesis in this study using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with an alternative method of Partial Least Square (PLS) using software WarpPLS 3.0. Results of this study found the negative influence of perceived organizational support(POS) to the role ambiguity and role conflict but did not find the effect of POS on role overload. Other findings in this study is the role ambiguity and role conflict negative effect on job satisfaction, job performance and a positive effect on turnover intention. But different things found on role overload to job satisfaction, job performance, and turnover intention which did not reveal any influence.

Role Stress in the Professional Life of the School Music Teacher: A Collective Case Study

2003 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Scheib
Keyword(s):  
Music Education ◽  
Role Conflict ◽  
Role Ambiguity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Role Stress ◽  
Role Overload ◽  
Collective Case Study ◽  
Role Stressors ◽  
Music Department ◽  
School Music

The theoretical framework of this article is based on the description of occupational role stress by Kahn, Wolfe, Quinn, and Snoek (1964) and Beehr (1987). The present study is an examination of six role stressors: role conflict, role ambiguity, role overload, underutilization of skills, resource inadequacy, and nonparticipation. One midwestern high school's music department in the United States, consisting of four music teachers, served as the study s focus. Data were collected as field notes from observations, transcripts from interviews, and document analysis. While role ambiguity and nonparticipation issues were not of great concern among the participants, issues related to role conflicts, role overloads, underutilization of skills, and resource inadequacy were substantial. The burden of tedious administrative responsibilities (underutilization of skills), the constant need for music education advocacy (role overload), conflicts between personal and professional roles (role conflict), and tension created by scheduling conflicts due to the increasingly busy schedules of students (resource inadequacy) were among the most significant stressors.

scholarly journals The impact of organisational culture on occupational stress: Comparison of the SME IT sectors in India and the UK

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 503-512
Author(s):  
Sree Lekhsmi Sreekumaran Nair ◽  
John Aston ◽  
Eugene Kozlovski
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Stress ◽  
Role Conflict ◽  
Role Ambiguity ◽  
Role Stress ◽  
Organisational Culture ◽  
Role Overload ◽  
Quota Sampling ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The study's main aim is to examine the impact of organisational culture on occupational stress by comparing the IT sectors in India and the UK. The paper adopts the application of Denison’s model for studying the organisational culture, whereas role conflict, role ambiguity, role overload and role stress are considered to discuss occupational stress. Through snowball, convenience, purposive and quota sampling techniques, 62 respondents (31 from India and 31 from the UK) were targeted to attain a qualitative perspective through a semi-structured questionnaire.  Results showed that there is an impact of organisational culture on occupational stress. Moreover, the impact is mainly evident in the Indian IT sector than the UK IT sector. Moreover, considering the impact of organisational culture on occupational stress, overall employees experience occupational stress, role overload, role conflict, role ambiguity and role stress. In contrasting economies, Indian IT sector employee’s experience role conflict, role overload, role ambiguity and role stress, whereas UK IT sector employees’ experience role ambiguity.

scholarly journals Relationship between role stress and employee silence behavior

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 433-457
Author(s):  
SoYeon Jung ◽  
TaeYong Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Role Conflict ◽  
Role Ambiguity ◽  
Supervisor Support ◽  
Role Stress ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Psychological Ownership ◽  
Role Overload ◽  
Perceived Supervisor Support ◽  
Employee Silence ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of role stress(role conflict, role ambiguity, and role overload) on employee silence behavior and the mediating effect of psychological ownership between two variables. In addition, this study examined the moderating effect of perceived supervisor support on the relationship between psychological ownership and employee silence behavior. Using the survey research method, data were collected from 310 employees who were working in a variety of organizations in Korea. As results, role conflict, role ambiguity, and role overload had positive relationships with employee silence behavior. And psychological ownership had mediation effect in the relationship between role conflict/role ambiguity and employee silence behavior. The perceived supervisor support had moderation effect on the relationship between psychological ownership and employee silence behavior. That is, the negative relationship between psychological ownership and employee silence behavior was stronger when the perceived supervisor support was high rather than low. Finally, based on these results, we discussed the implications and limitations of the study, and the suggestions for the future research.

scholarly journals Navigating Role Ambiguity & Conflict: Exploring the Role of the Referee Within the Olympic Sporting Structure

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-137
Author(s):  
Brittany L. Jacobs ◽  
Claire C. Zvosec ◽  
Brent D. Oja
Keyword(s):  
Role Conflict ◽  
Role Ambiguity ◽  
Phenomenological Study ◽  
Role Strain ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Role Clarity

This phenomenological study seeks to better understand the role of the referee in the Olympic sporting structure and to deconstruct the apparent dichotomies that exist within this role. Eleven rugby sevens referees each completed a pre and post interview for a total of twenty-two interviews. From the data, four sources of role ambiguity or conflict emerged; (1) remaining unnoticed vs. media exposure; (2) the team vs. individualistic nature of officiating; (3) being a judge vs. being an athlete, and (4) amateurism vs. professionalism. This study discusses how these dichotomies highlight the major sources of role ambiguity and role conflict for rugby sevens officials within the larger Olympic context. Implications regarding increased role clarity, reduced role strain, and referee management are discussed.   

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