Cardiovascular risk factors associated with migraine among the elderly with a low income: The São Paulo Ageing & Health Study (SPAH)

Background: To investigate the association between cardiovascular risk-factor profile and migraine in the elderly, we evaluated a population sample of ageing men and women (65 years or more) living in a low-income area in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. Patients and Methods: We investigated migraine status and cardiovascular profile from a baseline of 1450 participants (65–102 years of age) of the São Paulo Ageing & Health Study (SPAH), a longitudinal population-based study with low-income elderly in Brazil. The following age and sex-adjusted cardiovascular risk factors were analyzed: blood pressure, pulse pressure, serum total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, body mass index, smoking, history of hypertension, diabetes and the 10-year risk of myocardial infarction or coronary heart disease death based on the Framingham Risk Score. Results: The overall prevalence of migraine was 11.4%, and it was 3 times more frequent among women than men (15.3% vs 5.4%; P < 0.0001). Migraineurs were younger than non-migraineurs (mean age 70.6 years vs 72.1 years; P = 0.001, respectively). There was no statistically significant difference regarding the cardiovascular risk-factor profile after adjustment for age and sex among migraineurs and non-migraineurs. Only a decrease in the risk of hypertension among women (OR 0.58; 95% CI 0.38–0.90; P = 0.01) was also observed even after adjustment for age. Conclusions: Overall, we did not find a worse cardiovascular risk profile among elderly migraineurs. An inverse association between hypertension and migraine in women warrants further investigation.

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Anemia and dementia among the elderly: the São Paulo Ageing & Health Study

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610211001724 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 74-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Itamar S. Santos ◽

Márcia Scazufca ◽

Paulo A. Lotufo ◽

Paulo R. Menezes ◽

Isabela M. Benseñor

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

Univariate Analysis ◽

The Elderly ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Health Study ◽

São Paulo ◽

Total Blood ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Relationship ◽

Life Function

ABSTRACTBackground: Anemia and dementia are common diseases among the elderly, but conflicting data are available regarding an association between these two conditions. We analyzed data from the São Paulo Ageing & Health Study to address the relationship between anemia and dementia.Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included participants aged 65 years and older from a deprived area of the borough of Butantan, São Paulo, Brazil. Data about demographics, education, income, and cognitive and daily life function were collected, as well as blood samples. Anemia and dementia were defined according to WHO and DSM-IV criteria, respectively.Results: Of the 2267 subjects meeting the inclusion criteria, 2072 agreed to participate in the study; of whom 1948 had a valid total blood count and were included in the analysis. Anemia was diagnosed in 203 (10.2%) participants and dementia in 99 (5.1%). The frequency of anemia was higher in patients with dementia according to univariate analysis (odds ratio (OR) = 2.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.17–3.41, p = 0.01), but this association was not present after adjusting for age (OR = 1.33, 95% CI = 0.76–2.33, p = 0.32). Further multivariate adjustment did not change the results.Conclusion: Although anemia and dementia are frequent disorders in older people, we found their relationship to be mediated exclusively by aging in this low-income population from São Paulo.

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Changing Epidemiology of Acute Respiratory Infections in Under-Two Children in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Frontiers in Pediatrics ◽

10.3389/fped.2021.728382 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Karine Vidal ◽

Shamima Sultana ◽

Alberto Prieto Patron ◽

Irene Salvi ◽

Maya Shevlyakova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Low Income ◽

Respiratory Infections ◽

Monsoon Season ◽

Low Income Countries ◽

Health Study ◽

Acute Respiratory Infections ◽

Respiratory Pathogens ◽

Prevention Measures

Objectives: Risk factors for acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in community settings are not fully understood, especially in low-income countries. We examined the incidence and risk factors associated with ARIs in under-two children from the Microbiota and Health study.Methods: Children from a peri-urban area of Dhaka (Bangladesh) were followed from birth to 2 years of age by both active surveillance of ARIs and regular scheduled visits. Nasopharyngeal samples were collected during scheduled visits for detection of bacterial facultative respiratory pathogens. Information on socioeconomic, environmental, and household conditions, and mother and child characteristics were collected. A hierarchical modeling approach was used to identify proximate determinants of ARIs.Results: Of 267 infants, 87.3% experienced at least one ARI episode during the first 2 years of life. The peak incidence of ARIs was 330 infections per 100 infant-years and occurred between 2 and 4 months of age. Season was the main risk factor (rainy monsoon season, incidence rate ratio [IRR] 2.43 [1.92–3.07]; cool dry winter, IRR 2.10 [1.65–2.67] compared with hot dry summer) in the first 2 years of life. In addition, during the first 6 months of life, young maternal age (<22 years; IRR 1.34 [1.01–1.77]) and low birth weight (<2,500 g; IRR 1.39 [1.03–1.89]) were associated with higher ARI incidence.Conclusions: Reminiscent of industrialized settings, cool rainy season rather than socioeconomic and hygiene conditions was a major risk factor for ARIs in peri-urban Bangladesh. Understanding the causal links between seasonally variable factors such as temperature, humidity, crowding, diet, and ARIs will inform prevention measures.

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Risk factors across the life course and dementia in a Brazilian population: results from the Sao Paulo Ageing & Health Study (SPAH)

International Journal of Epidemiology ◽

10.1093/ije/dyn125 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 37 (4) ◽

pp. 879-890 ◽

Cited By ~ 57

Author(s):

M. Scazufca ◽

P. R Menezes ◽

R. Araya ◽

V. D Di Rienzo ◽

O. P Almeida ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Life Course ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Brazilian Population ◽

Health Study ◽

São Paulo ◽

The Life Course

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The Prevalence of Headache Among Elderly in a Low-Income Area of São Paulo, Brazil

Cephalalgia ◽

10.1111/j.1468-2982.2007.01507.x ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 329-333 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

IM Benseñor ◽

PA Lotufo ◽

AC Goulart ◽

PR Menezes ◽

M Scazufca

Keyword(s):

Low Income ◽

International Headache Society ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sao Paulo ◽

Tension Type Headache ◽

São Paulo ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Migraine Headaches ◽

Type Headache

There are scarce data about headache prevalence and its characteristics among elderly people. The aim was to carry out a cross-sectional study to determine the 1-year prevalence of tension-type and migraine headaches in people >65 years old in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. All 1615 people living in the study catchment area who agreed to participate in the study answered a questionnaire based in the International Headache Society criteria. Prevalence (mean and 95% confidence interval) of any type of headache in the last year was 45.6% (43.2, 48.0). Prevalence of tension-type headache in the last year was 33.1% (30.8, 35.4): 28.1% (24.6, 31.6) for men and 36.4% (33.4, 39.4) for women; for migraine headaches, prevalence in the last year was 10.6% (9.1, 12.1): 5.1% (3.4, 6.8) for men and 14.1% (11.9, 16.3) for women. One-year prevalence rates of headaches, and especially of migraine headaches, are very high among the elderly in Brazil.

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