Correlation Between Migraine and Circulating Platelet Aggregates

Cephalalgia ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 5 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 87-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Buttinelli ◽  
Maria Pia Lazzaro ◽  
Gian Luigi Lenzi ◽  
Stefano Paolucci ◽  
Massimiliano Prencipe
Keyword(s):  
Normal Range ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Platelet Aggregate ◽  
Complicated Migraine ◽  
Circulating Platelet Aggregates ◽  
Platelet Aggregates ◽  
The Mean

We studied platelet aggregates, by Wu and Hoak's technique, in 73 patients (49 F and 24 M), aged 14-61 (mean age 50.4 ± 12.2) with migraine. Platelet aggregates were expressed as Platelet Aggregate Ratio (PAR). We consider as pathological PAR values lower than 86. Mean PAR value of migraine patients (78.3 ± 8.68 SD) was significantly lower ( p < 0.001) than that of 90 control subjects (95.4 ± 6.15 SD). Normal PAR values were found only in 27.4% of the migraine patients. The patients were divided according to the interval from the last attack: 17 patients were studied in the 1st week (PAR = 73.76 ± 7.6 SD; 5.8% of the values in the normal range), 15 in the 2nd week (76.6 ± 7.02 SD; 13.3% of the values in the normal range) and 41 between 15th and 30th day (80.78 ± 8.78 SD; 29.6% of the patients in the normal range). The mean PAR value of the patients studied during the first week was significantly lower ( p < 0.01) than that of the patients studied between 15th and 30th day. No significant differences were found between the patients with classical, common and complicated migraine.

Circulating Platelet Aggregates in Normal Pregnancy and Rpeeclampsia

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Rákóczi ◽  
F. Tallián ◽  
I. Cseh ◽  
I. Gáti
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Platelet Aggregate ◽  
Circulating Platelet Aggregates ◽  
Platelet Aggregates ◽  
The Mean

Circulating platelet aggregates have been observed in various thromboembolic states. It is known that severe preeclamsia is associated with features of intravascular coagulation. To evaluate the role of platelets in this disorder we have determined circulating platelet aggregates in 10 patients with severe preeclampsia, in 30 patients in the third trimester of uncomplicated pregnancies and in 35 healthy nonpregnant volunteers. Platelet aggregate ratio /P.A.R./ was measured by a modification of a method described by Wu and Hoak, The mean P.A.R. of severe preeclamptic patients /0.732 ± 0,063 SEM/ was significantly lower than that of the uncomplicated pregnant women /0,860 ± 0,052 SEM/ and of the nonpregnant volunteers /0.880 ± 0,061 SEM/.The results indicate that severe preeclamptic patients have increased levels of circulating platelet aggregates and platelet activation is a feature of preeclampsia.

Kaolin-Activated Euglobulin Lysis Time (KELT)

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Greig
Keyword(s):  
No Value ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Factor Xii ◽  
Plasminogen Activation ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Lysis Time ◽  
Euglobulin Lysis Time ◽  
The Mean

The most commonly used test for clinical assessment of fibrinolytic activity is the Euglobulin Lysis Time (ELT). However the normal range is very wide, the long times are inconvenient and detection of inhibition is impossible. An attempt has been made to utilise the acceleration of the ELT when kaolin is present, to devise a test with shorter times, a narrower normal range, and better precision. The Euglobulin lysis time was carried out by a modification of the method of NILSSON and OLOW, after precipitation of the euglobulin in the absence of kaolin (ELT) and in the presence of 1 mg. kaolin/ml. plasma (KELT). In 14 control subjects the mean, SD, and range for the ELT were 168.6’, 54.6’, 84-290’; the corresponding values for the KELT were 60.3’, 8.3’ and 46-74’. However, it was found that there was no correlation between the ELT value and the corresponding KELT (’r’ = -0.021); on the contrary, the longer the ELT, the greater the shortening produced by kaolin and there is a direct correlation between the ELT and the shortening of the lysis time by kaolin; ’r’ = 0.988. It is concluded that the KELT has no value as a clinical measure of fibrinolytic activity; further, the results suggest that kaolin may remove an inhibitor(s) of plasminogen activation as well as initiating Factor XII - mediated plasminogen activation.

Increased Plasma Fibrinogen and Platelet-Aggregates in Type II Hyperlipoproteinaemia

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L.H.C. Third ◽  
G.D.O. Lowe ◽  
M.M. Drummond ◽  
W.F. Bremner ◽  
T.D.V. Lawrie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Arterial Disease ◽  
Arterial Injury ◽  
Plasma Fibrinogen ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Platelet Aggregate ◽  
Circulating Platelet Aggregates ◽  
Platelet Aggregates

Plasma-fibrinogen and circulating platelet-aggregates (method of Wu and Hoak1) were measured in 21 patients with Type II hyperlipoproteinaeima and 21 matched control subjects. Patients with hyperlipoproteinaemia had increased levels of fibrinogen (3.5 g/l ± SEM 0.2 vs. 2.5 g/l±0.1, p(0.01) and platelet-aggregates (platelet aggregate ratio 0.71 vs. 0.65, p(0.01). Young patients with hyperlipoproteinaemia had prematurely high fibrinogen levels, and the normal fibrinogen rise durina adult life was abolished. There were no significant correlations between fibrinogen, platelet-aggregates, and plasma lipids (cholesterol, cholesterol fractions, or triglyceride). High librinogen and platelet-aggregate levels may play a part in the development of the premature arterial disease associated with Type II hyperlipoproteinaemia, or may be markers of arterial injury. 1Wu, K.K., Hoak, J.C.Lancet, 1974, ii, 924.

Kaolin-Activated Euglobulin Lysis Time (KELT)

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.B.W. Greig
Keyword(s):  
No Value ◽  
Clinical Assessment ◽  
Fibrinolytic Activity ◽  
Factor Xii ◽  
Plasminogen Activation ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Lysis Time ◽  
Euglobulin Lysis Time ◽  
The Mean

The most commonly used test for clinical assessment of fibrinolytic activity is the Euglobulin Lysis Time (ELT). However the normal range is very wide, the long times are inconvenient and detection of inhibition is impossible. An attempt has been made to utilise the acceleration of the ELT when kaolin is present, to devise a test with shorter times, a narrower normal range, and better precision. The Euglobulin lysis time was carried out by a modification of the method of NILSSON and OLOW, after precipitation of the euglobulin in the absence of kaolin (ELT) and in the presence of 1 mg. kaolin/ml,, plasma (KELT). In 14 control subjects the mean, SD, and range for the ELT were 168.6’, 54.6’, 84–290’; the corresponding values for the KELT were 60.3’, 8.3’ and 46-74’. However, it was found that there was no correlation between the ELT value and the corresponding KELT (‘r’ = -0.021); on the contrary, the longer the ELT. the greater the shortening produced by kaolin and there is a direct correlation between the ELT and the shortening of the lysis time by kaolin; ‘r’ - 0.988. It is concluded that the KELT has no value as a clinical measure of fibrinolytic activity;further, the results suggest that kaolin may remove an inhibitor(s) of plasminogen activation as well as initiating Factor XII - mediated plasminogen activation.

Platelet Activation in Psoriasis

1985 ◽  
Vol 53 (02) ◽  
pp. 195-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Berrettini ◽  
Pasquale Parise ◽  
Vincenzo Costantini ◽  
Serena Grasselli ◽  
Giuseppe G Nenci
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Regeneration Time ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
Thrombotic Complications ◽  
Circulating Platelet Aggregates ◽  
Platelet Aggregates

SummaryRecent epidemiological studies have suggested that psoriasis represents a risk factor for thrombotic vascular diseases. In order to evaluate the possible role of hemostatic changes in the development of thrombotic episodes in psoriasis, some parameters of the hemostatic “balance” were investigated in 22 male psoriatic patients and compared to those of 22 male control subjects. Incidence of known risk factors for vascular diseases (diabetes, hypertension, smoking, dyslipidemia) was comparable in the two study groups. There were no statistically significant differences in platelet count, circulating platelet aggregates, platelet production of malondialdehyde (MDA), total plasma anti thrombin and fibrinolytic activities. In patients with psoriasis the incidence of spontaneous platelet hyperaggregability and plasma levels of β-thromboglobulin were significantly higher than in control subjects. Platelet regeneration time, measured as MDA recovery after aspirin ingestion, was significantly shorter in psoriatic patients. These data suggest that an in vivo platelet activation occurs in patients with psoriasis and could contribute to the development of thrombotic complications. The release of mitogenic and inflammatory substances by activated platelets may play a role in the histogenesis of psoriatic lesions.

scholarly journals Patterns of Granulocyte Kinetics in Health, Infection and in Carcinoma

Blood ◽  
1965 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 683-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER R. GALBRAITH ◽  
LESLIE S. VALBERG ◽  
MALCOLM BROWN
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Turnover Rate ◽  
Turnover Rates ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Control Value ◽  
Control Subjects ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Blood Granulocyte

Abstract Leukokinetic studies were performed using granulocytes labeled in vitro with radioactive diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP32). The half-time of the granulocytes in the circulation, blood granulocyte mass and granulocyte turnover rates were determined. In control subjects the mean half-life was 6.44 hours with a range of 5.1 to 7.7 hours. The mean blood granulocyte mass was 38 x 109 cells with a range of 19.9 to 36.4 x 109 cells and the granulocyte turnover rate was 4.08 x 109 cells per hour with a range of 2.51 to 5.50 x 109 cells per hour. There was a direct relationship between the half-life and the blood granulocyte mass in the control subjects. In 6 subjects with infection the blood granulocyte mass was uniformly increased. The mean half-life and mean granulocyte turnover rate were both increased above the normal range. In 11 subjects with carcinoma several different leukokinetic patterns were found. The blood granulocyte mass was raised in 5 patients, but in only one of these was the granulocyte turnover rate increased above the normal range. In 6 subjects the blood granulocyte mass was within the normal range and deviations from the mean control value were accompanied by proportionate changes in the granulocyte turnover rate in all but 1 patient. No relation was found between the half-life and the blood granulocyte mass in subjects with infection and/or carcinoma. The possibility that this was due to the establishment of a new steady state of blood granulocyte mass at altered levels of granulocyte production, or that steady state conditions did not exist has been considered. However the data are interpreted no evidence for suppressed granulopoiesis was found in subjects with advanced malignant disease.

scholarly journals Prevention by Suloctidil of Spontaneous Platelet Aggregates in Rats

1977 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. N. Saunders ◽  
T. S. Burns ◽  
M. R. Stelzer
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrovascular Disease ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Prevention Activity ◽  
Platelet Aggregate ◽  
Circulating Platelet Aggregates ◽  
Platelet Aggregates ◽  
5 Ht Uptake ◽  
Rat Platelets

Atherosclerosis and cerebrovascular disease have been reported by Wexler and True (Circ. Res. 12: 659,1963) to-occur in retired breeder rats but not in virgin rats of the same age. We have discovered that retired breeder (RB) male rats have spontaneous circulating platelet aggregates (CPA) as determined by the method of Wu and Hoak (Lancet 2: 924, 1974). These CPA respond to therapy with clinically proven antiplatelet drugs. Suloctidil (S) [l-(4-isopropyl-thiophenyl)-2-n-octylamino propanol, Continential Pharma, Brussels] administered for 8 days at 100 mg/kg i. g. showed a significant reduction in CPA from 0.76+0.05 (S.E.M.) to 0.92 + 0.03 (where 1.0 indicates no CPA). In these same rats, the endogenous platelet 5-HT level was significantly (P<0.01) lowered to 0.88+0.04 (S. E.M.) μg/10 9 platelets compared to control values of 1.66+0.08 μg/10 9platelets. Plasma 5-HT levels were not altered. In vitro rat platelet 5-HT uptake is inhibited 50% by S at 6.4 χ 10 -6M in platelet-rich plasma. In rat platelets with labeled 5-HT pools, 5 min incubation with S at 10 -5M resulted in significantly (P<0.01) greater release at 10, 20 and 30 sec after the addition of 2U/ml of thrombin. This suggests that S may decrease uptake as well as increase release of platelet 5-HT. The reduction of endogenous platelet 5-HT levels by S may be related to its observed platelet aggregate prevention activity.

A Modification of the Wu and Hoak Method for the Determination of Platelet Aggregates and Platelet Adhesion

1985 ◽  
Vol 53 (03) ◽  
pp. 381-385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudhir K Bowry ◽  
Colin R M Prentice ◽  
J M Courtney
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Adhesion ◽  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
Buffer System ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Healthy Donors ◽  
Platelet Aggregate ◽  
Circulating Platelet Aggregates ◽  
Platelet Aggregates

SummaryThe Wu and Hoak method for determining circulating platelet aggregates has poor reproducibility; problems have been reported with the composition of the buffer systems, haemolysis, the effects of blood collection technique and a divergence of the platelet aggregate ratio in blood for healthy donors from the theoretical value of 1. Our investigations suggest that the original technique is highly operator-dependent, especially the collection of blood and the method of counting platelets after centrifugation. We describe an improved modification of the Wu and Hoak technique; a new buffer system has been developed and the proportion of blood in the buffered EDTA and buffered EDTA- formalin solutions has been altered to obtain platelet rich plasma. The platelet aggregate ratio (PAR) by this modified method for healthy donors in two different studies was 0.97 ± 0.02 and 0.98 ± 0.01 respectively. Finally, the principle of Wu and Hoak was used to measure accurately platelet adhesion, without the role of platelet-platelet interactions (aggregation). Platelet adhesion and aggregation were then used to evaluate the thrombogenicity of various artificial surfaces, including silicone rubber and polytetra- fluoroethylene (PTFE) vascular grafts.

The Effect of A Fat Meal on Platelet Function in Man

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.V. Johnston ◽  
J.V. Giner ◽  
C.D. Forbes ◽  
C.R.M. Prentice
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Count ◽  
Platelet Function ◽  
Fasting State ◽  
Aggregation Response ◽  
Platelet Aggregate ◽  
Circulating Platelet Aggregates ◽  
Platelet Aggregates ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Fat Meal

Platelet function was studied in 7 healthy volunteers over a six hour period alter ingestion of 150 mls of cream in the fasting state, with and without pre-treatment with 300 mg aspirin taken 12 hrs previously. We measured platelet count, aggregation response to ADP, platelet aggregate ratio (Wu and Hoak, 1974), serum cholesterol and triglyceride. 180 mins after fat ingestion there was a significant fall (p<0.01) in platelet count which was abolished by aspirin, a fall (p<0.05) in platelet aggregate ratio which was abolished by aspirin, a mean rise in triglyceride of 1.29 mmol/1 without aspirin and 1.085 with aspirin. There was no rise in cholesterol. 6 hrs after fat ingestion there was a fall (p(0.001) in aggregation response to ADP. After aspirin the impaired aggregation response to ADP was not further reduced.Thus the rise in triglycerides is associated with circulating platelet aggregates, lowered platelet count and impaired response to ADP. These changes are prevented by aspirin, suggesting that in vivo activation of platelets may be caused by fat ingestion.

In Vivo Effect of Suloctidil as an Antiplatelet Agent

1979 ◽  
Vol 41 (03) ◽  
pp. 465-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia R Stelzer ◽  
Thomas S Burns ◽  
Robert N Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Antiplatelet Agent ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
Platelet Aggregate ◽  
Permanent Effect ◽  
Platelet Aggregates ◽  
5 Ht Uptake ◽  
High Doses

SummaryThe relationship between the effects of suloctidil in vivo as an antiplatelet agent and in vitro as a modifier of platelet serotonin (5-HT) parameters was investigated. Suloctidil was found to be effective in reducing platelet aggregates formation in the retired breeder rat as determined using the platelet aggregate ratio method (PAR) with an ED50 of 16.1 mg/kg 24 hours post administration. In contrast to the hypothesis that 5-HT depletion is involved in the anti-aggregatory mechanism of suloctidil, no correlation was found between platelet 5- HT content and this antiplatelet activity. Reduction of platelet 5-HT content required multiple injections of high doses (100 mg/kg/day) of suloctidil. Suloctidil administration for 8 days at 100 mg/kg/day, which lowered platelet 5-HT content by 50%, resulted in no permanent effect on ex vivo platelet 5-HT uptake or thrombin-induced release, nor alteration in the plasma 5-HT level. However, these platelets exhibited a short-lived, significant increase in percent leakage of 5-HT after 30 minutes of incubation. Therefore, suloctidil treatment at high doses may with time result in platelet 5-HT depletion, however this effect is probably not related to the primary anti-aggregatory activity of the drug.

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