Circulating Platelet Aggregates in Normal Pregnancy and Rpeeclampsia

1979 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Rákóczi ◽  
F. Tallián ◽  
I. Cseh ◽  
I. Gáti
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Platelet Aggregate ◽  
Circulating Platelet Aggregates ◽  
Platelet Aggregates ◽  
The Mean

Circulating platelet aggregates have been observed in various thromboembolic states. It is known that severe preeclamsia is associated with features of intravascular coagulation. To evaluate the role of platelets in this disorder we have determined circulating platelet aggregates in 10 patients with severe preeclampsia, in 30 patients in the third trimester of uncomplicated pregnancies and in 35 healthy nonpregnant volunteers. Platelet aggregate ratio /P.A.R./ was measured by a modification of a method described by Wu and Hoak, The mean P.A.R. of severe preeclamptic patients /0.732 ± 0,063 SEM/ was significantly lower than that of the uncomplicated pregnant women /0,860 ± 0,052 SEM/ and of the nonpregnant volunteers /0.880 ± 0,061 SEM/.The results indicate that severe preeclamptic patients have increased levels of circulating platelet aggregates and platelet activation is a feature of preeclampsia.

scholarly journals Redox status of pregnant women with thrombophilia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Dimitrijevic ◽  
Jovana Bradic ◽  
Vladimir Zivkovic ◽  
Aleksandra Dimitrijevic ◽  
Mirjana Milojevic-Corbic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Reduced Glutathione ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third

Background/Aim. Considering the fact that role of oxidative stress in pathogenesis of thrombophilia in pregnancy has still not been clarified, the aim of our study was to assess the redox status of pregnant women with thrombophilia. Methods. The study involved 120 pregnant women who were divided into two groups: thrombophilia and normal pregnancy group. The thrombophilia group consisted of 60 pregnant women with thrombophilia, while the normal pregnancy group included 60 physiologically healthy pregnant women. Blood samples for biochemical analysis were collected at the end of first, second and third trimester of pregnancy. Concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitrites (NO2-) and index of lipid peroxidation measured as TBARS were measured in plasma. Level of reduced glutathione (GSH), activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were measured in erythrocytes. Results. In women with thrombophilia, NO2- values were increased in the first and third trimester when compared with healthy pregnant women (p<0.05). The higher levels of TBARS and H2O2 were noticed in women with thrombophilia in the first trimester when compared to healthy pregnant women (p<0.05). The values of SOD and CAT were lower in women with thrombophilia in the third and GSH in the first trimester compared to control group (p<0.05). Conclusion. Our results suggest increased generation of pro-oxidants in thrombophillia at the beginning of gestation, which declines as gestation progresses and reaches the similar values as in normal pregnancy at the end of pregnancy. Generally viewed, thrombophilia was associated with impaired antioxidant capacity - SOD and CAT were lower in the third and GSH in the first trimester compared to healthy women.

Alterations of serum resistin in normal pregnancy and pre-eclampsia

2004 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danqing CHEN ◽  
Minyue DONG ◽  
Qin FANG ◽  
Jing HE ◽  
Zhengping WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Resistin Level ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
The Third ◽  
Maternal Adaptation ◽  
Serum Resistin Level ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Insight Into

Resistin is expressed in human placenta and has been postulated to play a role in regulating energy metabolism in pregnancy. However, changes in serum resistin levels in normal pregnancy and in the setting of pre-eclampsia are far from understood. The purpose of the present study was to clarify the alterations in serum resistin level in normal pregnancy and pre-eclampsia. Blood samples were taken from 28 healthy non-pregnant women, 27 women in the first, 26 in the second and 26 in the third trimesters of normal pregnancy and 25 women with pre-eclampsia. Serum resistin concentrations were determined by using an ELISA, and mean serum resistin levels were compared with one-way ANOVA. Serum resistin levels were not significantly different among non-pregnant women and women in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy (P>0.05 for all). Serum resistin was significantly elevated in the third trimester of normal pregnancy compared with non-pregnant women (P<0.01) and women in the first (P<0.001) and second (P<0.001) trimesters of pregnancy. Serum resistin level was significantly lower in women with pre-eclampsia than women in the third trimester of normal pregnancy (P<0.001), but was comparable with those of non-pregnant women and women in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy (P>0.05 for all). In conclusion, we found an increase in serum resistin in the third trimester of normal pregnancy, but this increase was not present in pre-eclampsia. We postulate that these associations may offer insight into the mechanisms of maternal adaptation to pregnancy and the pathogenesis of pre-eclampsia.

Stroke Volume Recruitability during the Third Trimester of Pregnancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (08) ◽  
pp. 737-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Herrera ◽  
Maggie Kuhlmann-Capek ◽  
Sarah Rogan ◽  
Antonio Saad ◽  
George Saade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stroke Volume ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Gravid Uterus ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Fluid Bolus ◽  
The Third ◽  
Hemodynamic Variables ◽  
Flat Portion

Objective It is unknown whether the heart operates in the ascending or flat portion of the Starling curve during normal pregnancy. Pregnant women do not respond to the passive leg-raising maneuver secondary to mechanical obstruction of the inferior vena cava by the gravid uterus. Our objective was to evaluate if administration of a fluid bolus increases baseline stroke volume (SV) among healthy pregnant patients during the third trimester. Study Design Healthy pregnant women who underwent elective term cesarean sections were included. A noninvasive cardiac output monitor was used to measure hemodynamic variables at baseline and after administration of a 500-mL crystalloid bolus. Results Forty-five women were included in the study. Fluid administration was associated with a statistically significant increase in SV from a baseline value of 71 ± 11 to 90 ± 19 mL (95% confidence interval [CI]: 13.67–21.49; p < 0.01) and a significant decrease in maternal heart rate from a baseline of 87 ± 9 beats per minute to 83 ± 8 after the fluid bolus (95% CI: −6.81 to −2.78; p = 0.03). No changes in peripheral vascular resistances or any other measured hemodynamic parameters were noted with volume expansion. Conclusion In healthy term pregnancy, the heart operates in the ascending portion of the Starling's curve, rendering it fluid responsive.

CORTISOL AND CORTISONE IN SALIVA OF PREGNANCY

1963 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. GREAVES ◽  
H. F. WEST
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Connective Tissues ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Reasonable Explanation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mixed Saliva ◽  
Mean Concentration

SUMMARY The concentration of cortisol and cortisone in mixed saliva has been measured in normal non-pregnant women, normal pregnant women in the third trimester of pregnancy and pregnant ones with mild toxaemia in the third trimester. The ratio of cortisol to cortisone was 1:4 for the non-pregnant and 1:5 for the pregnant women. The mean concentration of cortisol for the pregnant subjects was twice that of the non-pregnant and the mean concentration of cortisone three times that of the non-pregnant women. Filtration studies showed no significant binding of cortisol or cortisone in the saliva. It is concluded that the raised concentration of cortisol and cortisone in saliva indicates a raised concentration in the cells of the salivary gland. If this rise is common to the connective tissues generally it provides a reasonable explanation for the remission of rheumatoid arthritis experienced by some patients in the latter months of pregnancy.

scholarly journals PRENATAL YOGA TERHADAP TINGKAT KECEMASAN PRIMIGRAVIDA TRIMESTER III

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Riza Amalia ◽  
Rusmini Rusmini ◽  
Diki Retno Yuliani
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Alternative Therapy ◽  
P Value ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Change In The Mean ◽  
Prolonged Labor ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Anxiety Levels

Anxiety in pregnant women often occurs in the third trimester. Anxiety results in prolonged labor, premature birth, LBW (Low Birth Weight). To prevent and reduce anxiety, prenatal yoga as an alternative therapy is given to primigravida pregnant women in the third trimester.The puropose of this study is to find out the influence of prenatal yoga toward anxiety level primigravida in the third trimester in Puskesmas I Kembaran, Banyumas District. This study used quasy experimental with pretest posttest design. The sample in this study are all of primigravida in third trimester, there are 24 pregnant woman in Puskesmas 1 Kembaran. The results showed there were differences in primigravida in third trimester anxiety levels before and after prenatal yoga with p value = 0,000 (p 0.05). There is an influence of prenatal yoga on the level of anxiety primigravida in third trimester. There is a change in the mean level of anxiety of 11,3. 

scholarly journals Comparison of Salivary Alpha-Amylase, Sialic Acid, and pH in Pregnant and Nonpregnant Subjects

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masoomeh Shirzaiy ◽  
Zohreh Dalirsani
Keyword(s):  
Sialic Acid ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Salivary Ph ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Objectives During pregnancy, systemic physiological alterations lead to some changes in the oral cavity, which could prepare the mouth environment for oral and dental problems. This study was aimed to investigate salivary α-amylase, sialic acid levels, and pH levels in pregnant and nonpregnant females. Materials and Methods In this analytical, case–control study, unstimulated saliva samples were collected with spiting method from 35 pregnant women (case group) and 35 nonpregnant women (control group) and transferred to the laboratory to assess salivary α-amylase, sialic acid, and pH levels. Data were analyzed by SPSS (version: 19) software through statistical methods of independent t-test and analysis of variance. Results The mean sialic acid levels were 2.285 ± 1.230 mg/dL in pregnant and 2.744 ± 1.326 in nonpregnant women without any significant difference (p = 0.138). The mean salivary α-amylase concentrations were 2.461 ± 1.869 U/L and 2.439 ± 2.058 U/L, respectively, in pregnant and nonpregnant women, with no significant difference (p = 0.963).The mean salivary pH in nonpregnant women was significantly more than that in pregnant women (7.845 ± 0.430 and 6.868 ± 0.413, respectively) (p < 0.001). Also, the mean salivary pH levels in pregnant women were 7.474 ± 0.420 in the first trimester, 6.868 ± 0.413 in the second trimester, and 6.568 ± 0.387 in the third trimester, which were significantly different (p < 0.001). Conclusion Salivary sialic acid and α-amylase levels among pregnant women were no different from those of other subjects. During pregnancy, the salivary pH significantly reduced, and the mean salivary pH during pregnancy had a decreasing trend from the first trimester to the third trimester.

scholarly journals Glycaemic profile in the second and third trimesters of normal pregnancy compared to non-pregnant adult females

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aruna Nigam ◽  
Neha Varun ◽  
Sumedha Sharma ◽  
YP Munjal ◽  
Anupam Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Glycaemic Variability ◽  
The Third ◽  
Data Points ◽  
Mean Blood Glucose

Aim To assess the glycaemic profile and glycaemic variation in the second and third trimesters of normal pregnancies. Methodology Healthy pregnant women aged 19–35 years between 24 and 36 weeks of gestation were recruited for ambulatory glucose profile monitoring. A total of 18 women in the second trimester, 15 women in the third trimester and 9 healthy non-pregnant women were recruited providing, respectively, 205 days (19,680 data points), 147 days (14,112 data points) and 100 days (9,600 data points) for analysis. Results Mean blood glucose level was 20.2% lower in the second trimester and 10.6% lower in the third trimester than non-pregnant women (p < 0.001). In pregnancy, it took 15 to 20 minutes more to reach peak postprandial blood glucose levels compared to non-pregnant women (p = 0.003). Glycaemic variability was more in the third trimester (p < 0.001). Conclusion There is tight blood sugar control along with lower mean blood glucose in healthy pregnant women compared to non-pregnant women. Despite this tight glycaemic control, glycaemic variability is higher during pregnancy.

Plasma endothelin-1 and big endothelin-1 levels in women with pre-eclampsia

1993 ◽  
Vol 129 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norihito Sudo ◽  
Kyuzi Kamoi ◽  
Miyuki Ishibashi ◽  
Tohru Yamaji
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cells ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Regulatory System ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Chronic Hypertension ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
The Third

To examine a possible role for endothelin-1 (ET-1) and conversion of big ET-1 to ET-1 in the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia, we measured plasma levels of ET-1 and big ET-1 in 16 women with pre-eclampsia in the third trimester and compared them with those in 11 age-matched normotensive pregnant women and in 10 age-matched pregnant women with chronic hypertension in the third trimester. The plasma concentrations of ET-1 and big ET-1 in the normotensive pregnant women were significantly lower than those in 16 non-pregnant women with a higher molar ratio of big ET-1 to ET-1 in the former group. The plasma concentrations of ET-1 and big ET-1 in the women with pre-eclampsia, on the other hand, were significantly higher than those in the normotensive pregnant women and the molar ratio of big ET-1 to ET-1 in the former group was less than that in the latter group. In sharp contrast, plasma ET-1 and big ET-1 levels in the pregnant women with chronic hypertension were not significantly different from those in the normotensive pregnant women. When examined after delivery, elevated plasma ET-1 and big ET-1 in the women with pre-eclampsia declined, with restoration of normal blood pressure, to the levels in the normotensive women after parturition. There were no significant differences of the levels of ET-1 and big ET-1 in umbilical venous plasma and simultaneously drawn maternal plasma at cesarean section between normotensive pregnant women and women with pre-eclampsia, respectively. These results suggest that normal pregnancy is associated with decreased plasma concentrations of ET-1 with reduced conversion of big ET-1 to ET-1 in maternal vascular endothelial cells, and the derangement of this regulatory system plays an important role in the pathophysiology of pre-eclampsia.

Midwifery Care with Frequent Urination on Pregnant Women at BPM Nuril Masrukah Candi Sidoarjo

Academia Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Okky Elvira Novianti ◽  
Evi Rinata ◽  
Rafhani Rosyidah
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Continuity Of Care ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Case Study Method ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Midwifery Care ◽  
Psychological Condition ◽  
The Third

Pregnancy is the fertilization or fusion of spermatozoa and ovum which is followed by bullying. Normal pregnancy lasts in 9 to 10 months. Complaints and discomfort can arise from the beginning of pregnancy to the end of pregnancy which can affect the physical and psychological condition of the mother. Pregnant women often complain in the third trimester and 96.7% experience complaints of frequent urination. The case study method used is observational (COC) Continuity of Care. From data collection and inspection there were no gaps and problem found, so no further special handling was needed.

scholarly journals Measurement of Gallbladder Volume with Ultrasonography in Pregnant Women

2000 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 403-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sait Kapicioglu ◽  
Sevgi Gürbüz ◽  
Ahmet Danalioglu ◽  
Ömer Sentürk ◽  
Mehmet Uslu
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Test Meal ◽  
Cholesterol Gallstone ◽  
Gallstone Formation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Gallbladder Volume ◽  
The Third ◽  
Baseline Values ◽  
The Mean

Fasting and postprandial gallbladder volumes were investigated using ultrasonography in three groups (10 subjects in each) of healthy women: third trimester pregnant women, postpartum women up to 10 days after giving birth and nonpregnant controls. The scans were performed at 09:00 after a 12 h fast. After the basal measurement was taken, gallbladder volumes were rescanned in 15 min intervals for 60 mins. At the end of this period, all volunteers received a standard liquid test meal, and scans were performed again for 1 h. The mean basal gallbladder volume was 22.2±4.2 mL in the nonpregnant (control) group. In the third trimester group, the basal volume was 37.8±10.5 mL – 70.5% higher than in the nonpregnant group (P<0.001). In the postpartum group, the mean basal volume was 37.9% lower (27.4±6.5 mL) than that of the third trimester group (P<0.02). This basal volume was 23.6% greater than that of the control group (P<0.05). After administration of a test meal, the postprandial gallbladder volumes decreased during the first few minutes compared with baseline values. The volumes decreased by 10.2% to 39.8% (23.5±7.3 to 34.0±10.2; P<0.01) in the third trimester group, by 14.9% to 43.2% (16.6±4.3 to 23.3±5.5; P<0.01, 0.001) in the postpartum group and by 19.2% to 51.6% (11.9±3.5 to 17.9±3.6; P<0.02, 0.05, 0.01, 0.001) in the control group. Postprandial mean gallbladder volumes of the third trimester (P<0.02) and postpartum groups (P<0.02 to 0.01) were significantly different from those of the control group. In conclusion, incomplete emptying of the gallbladder after eating during the third trimester of pregnancy may contribute to cholesterol-gallstone formation, and pregnancy may thus increase the risk of gallstones.

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