Performance Evaluation of Hot-Mix Asphalt Using Rotary Loaded-Wheel Testing

2005 ◽  
Vol 1929 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
M. Shane Buchanan ◽  
Benjamin J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Hot Mix Asphalt ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
New Device ◽  
Proof Testing ◽  
Reasonable Prediction ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Transportation Agencies

Permanent deformation and moisture damage (i.e., rutting and stripping) are two predominant hot-mix asphalt (HMA) distresses. Rutting can be caused by many factors, including stripping, which result in reduced HMA shear strength. Hot-mix asphalt stripping evaluation is a source of significant industry discussion and debate. Transportation agencies use a number of methods to evaluate stripping, with many methods customized depending on local concerns and environmental conditions. Today, many agencies use some type of loaded-wheel testing, with associated mix “pass–fail” criteria, as part of the mix design acceptance procedure. This process is often referred to as “proof” testing and provides a higher confidence that the HMA mix will perform satisfactorily during service conditions. A new device, the rotary wheel tester, has been developed to evaluate the rutting and stripping performance of HMA mixes. This device operates on a principle similar to that of the Hamburg wheel tester: the main difference is that the specimen is loaded along its diameter instead of from the top. The cost of the rotary wheel tester is less than half that of the Hamburg wheel tester. Testing was conducted to determine whether the rotary wheel tester could distinguish between good- and poor-performing mixes and to determine whether PG 76-22 or PG 67-22 plus hydrated lime improved mix performance. Results indicate that the rotary wheel tester is an easy-to-use testing device that appears to provide reasonable prediction of the rutting and stripping performance of HMA mixes. It also appears that PG 76-22 asphalt binder improves mix performance to a greater extent than does PG 67-22 plus hydrated lime.

Using Modified Creep and Recovery Tests to Evaluate the Foam-Based Warm Mix Asphalt Contained Nano Hydrated Lime

2013 ◽  
Vol 646 ◽  
pp. 90-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aboelkasim Diab ◽  
Zhan Ping You ◽  
Hai Nian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Warm Mix Asphalt ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Normal Dose ◽  
Creep And Recovery ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Recoverable Compliance

Two Nano Hydrated Lime (NHL) materials with particle sizes of 50 nm and 100 nm were used in this study to investigate to the effect of NHL modification on the creep and recovery of Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) binders foamed using Advera® with respective to rutting. The NHL was added to the asphalt binder at ratios of 20%, 10%, and 5% by weight of the asphalt binder. The creep and recovery tests were performed at three different stress levels, 3Pa (creep for 100 sec. and 600 sec. recovery), 10Pa (creep for 20 sec. and 600 sec. recovery), and 50Pa (creep for 1 sec and 300 sec. recovery). The tests were performed at a temperature of 58oC. The results were also compared with the Regular Hydrated Lime (RHL) results. The overall results reveal that the neat asphalt binders foamed using advera® showed larger permanent deformation (rutting) potential compared to the binder modified with RHL and NHL foamed using Advera®. As the NHL dose increases, the non-recoverable compliance decreases (rutting decreases). It was also concluded that the application of the RHL with the normal dose (20% by weight of binder) can be replaced by adding 5% (by weight of binder) of 50 nm NHL with respective to rutting.

Multi-scale characterization of hydrated lime mastics

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (12) ◽  
pp. 985-993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aboelkasim Diab ◽  
Zhanping You ◽  
Xu Yang ◽  
Amr M. Wahaballa
Keyword(s):  
Large Strain ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Relative Viscosity ◽  
Nonlinear Behavior ◽  
Fatigue Cracking ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Creep Recovery ◽  
Shear Moduli

This study is devoted to characterize the behavior of the hydrated lime-asphalt binder mastic (HLM) using the viscosity characteristics (relative viscosity versus shear rate profile) and viscoelastic properties. In addition, the multiple stress creep recovery, linear amplitude sweep, and asphalt binder cracking device tests were also performed, for the sake of characterization of permanent deformation, fatigue cracking, and low temperature cracking, respectively. The large amplitude oscillatory shear test was utilized to characterize the nonlinear behavior of HLMs using Lissajous-Bowditch plots and associated local viscoelastic measures (minimum and large strain complex shear moduli). Overall, the HLM is able to improve the stiffness-related properties of pavement; on the other hand, this mastic can help resist load and non-load associated cracking. In addition, the nonlinear behavior revealed higher stress response of the HLMs compared to base binder even after increased number of cycles which could be an indicator of the ability to sustain high stresses and strains.

scholarly journals RESILIENT BEHAVIOUR OF HOT MIXED AND CRACK SEALED ASPHALT CONCRETE UNDER REPEATED LOADING

2007 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Ziari ◽  
Mahmud Ameri ◽  
Mohammad Mahdi Khabiri
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Hot Mix Asphalt ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Mix Design ◽  
Repeated Loading ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
The Road ◽  
Asphalt Mix ◽  
Practical Information

Bituminous mixes are becoming increasingly important in the road industry. The road engineers identify rutting as a major source of distress in Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) pavements. The Asphalt Mix Design Marshal method adequately addresses the aggregate and asphalt binder properties that contribute to permanent deformation. However, there is no laboratory test currently at hand to quickly predict permanent deformation susceptibility of HMA. The main purpose of this paper is to provide practical information of laboratory samples for practitioners and mix designers. Thus, relevant test procedures and results of tests conducted are reported in this paper. Two resilient behaviours of cracked sealed asphalt concrete were studied by varying temperature and time of loading to understand the crack sealed pavement behaviour under Iran conditions.

Influence of Production Considerations on Balanced Mixture Designs

2018 ◽  
Vol 2672 (28) ◽  
pp. 426-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander J. Austerman ◽  
Walaa S. Mogawer ◽  
Kevin D. Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Design Method ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Mixture Design ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Asphalt Content ◽  
Mixture Designs ◽  
Performance Results ◽  
Transportation Agencies ◽  
Selection Of

Measuring or predicting mixture performance prior to placement has become essential for many state transportation agencies due to incorporation of more recycled materials into mixtures, utilization of binders formulated with various modifiers, and utilization of new and unproven technologies. Mixtures designed incorporating these elements in accordance with the current Superpave mixture design method have unknown performance as Superpave was never designed to compensate for them. Thus, agencies have interest in implementing the balanced mixture concept that requires testing for acceptable mixture performance during the design phase. The effect of production considerations on a balanced mixture design is not known. It is unknown if a mixture remains performance balanced during production due to factors like asphalt content, gradation and binder source variations. This study was undertaken to understand the influence of these production considerations on a balanced mixture design. Two Superpave mixtures, a 9.5 mm and 12.5 mm, were developed using the balanced mixture design approach using volumetric properties, one rutting test and one cracking test. These mixtures were then modified to represent production variations in asphalt binder content, gradation passing the No. 200 sieve, and asphalt binder source. All mixtures remained performance balanced when examining the production considerations in terms of rutting and cracking using the selected tests. Examination of other performance results, like moisture susceptibility, suggest it is possible to effectively unbalance the mixture design during production. This underscores the importance of proper selection of performance tests to address the performance needs of the agency.

scholarly journals Rheological Analysis of Asphalt Binders Modified with Hydrated Lime and Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 579-598
Author(s):  
Osires de Medeiros Melo Neto ◽  
Adriana Albuquerque Ferreiro ◽  
Túlio de Souza Freire ◽  
Gustavo Correia Basto da Silva ◽  
Lêda Christiane de Figueirêdo Lopes Lucena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
Rheological Analysis ◽  
Performance Grade ◽  
Loss Of Mass

The significant increase in traffic on paved roads has accelerated the deterioration of asphalt coatings. Because of this, the use of additives to modify the properties of the asphalt binder has been studied in order to improve the performance in relation to, mainly, permanent deformations and fatigue life. This work evaluates the changes in the rheological properties of CAP 50/70 modified with fractionated particles of hydrated lime and titanium dioxide nanoparticles, obtained from the use of a ball mill. For this purpose, the CAP 50/70 was modified with the addition of fractionated lime particles in the contents of 3%, 5% and 7% by weight of the pure binder and with 3% of ground nano TiO2 (180 nm). The modified samples showed less loss of mass in the short term aging, proving to be an antioxidant alternative. In addition, it was found that the modified binders provided an increase in G* (stiffness parameter) and, consequently, in the maximum Performance Grade (PG) temperature, allowing the use of the studied binders at higher temperatures. The binder modified with a content of 5% hydrated lime presented better results in the tests of permanent deformation (MSCR and LAS). The decrease in TiO2 granulometry increased the integrity of the binder and made it more sensitive to deformations under temperature variations, however, milled titanium dioxide showed a positive result in increasing the resistance of the asphalt binder to fatigue when compared to the binder with nano TiO2 220 nm. Finally, it was possible to establish that the addition of fractionated particles of hydrated lime to CAP 50/70 is a viable and effective technique that meets the requirements of DNIT for use in paving and that the incorporation of ground nano TiO2 (180 nm) attributed to the asphalt binder 50/70 higher working temperature in the field.

scholarly journals MECHANICAL PERFORMANCE OF ASPHALT MIXTURE CONTAINING CUP LUMP RUBBER

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norfazira Mohd Azahar ◽  
Norhidayah Abdul Hassan ◽  
Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya ◽  
Hasanan Md. Nor ◽  
Mohd Khairul Idham Mohd Satar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Resilient Modulus ◽  
Permanent Deformation ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Dynamic Creep ◽  
Aging Conditions ◽  
Public Work Department ◽  
Indirect Tensile

The use of cup lump rubber as an additive in asphalt binder has recently become the main interest of the paving industry. The innovation helps to increase the natural rubber consumption and stabilize the rubber price. This study evaluates the mechanical performance of cup lump rubber modified asphalt (CMA) mixture in terms of resilient modulus, dynamic creep and indirect tensile strength under aging conditions. The CMA mixture was prepared using dense-graded Marshall-designed mix and the observed behavior was compared with that of conventional mixture. From the results, both mixtures passed the volumetric properties as accordance to Malaysian Public Work Department (PWD) specification. The addition of cup lump rubber provides better resistance against permanent deformation through the enhanced properties of resilient modulus and dynamic creep. Furthermore, the resilient modulus of CMA mixture performed better under aging conditions.  

scholarly journals Evaluations of Nano-Sized Hydrated Lime on the Moisture Susceptibility of Hot Mix Asphalt Mixtures

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 82-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ju Nan Shen ◽  
Zhao Xing Xie ◽  
Fei Peng Xiao ◽  
Wen Zhong Fan
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Hot Mix Asphalt ◽  
Hydrated Lime ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Indirect Tensile Strength ◽  
Moisture Resistance ◽  
Strength Ratio ◽  
Moisture Susceptibility ◽  
Indirect Tensile

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of nano-sized hydrated lime on the moisture susceptibility of the hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures in terms of three methodologies to introduce into the mixtures. The experimental design for this study included the utilizations of one binder source (PG 64-22), three aggregate sources and three different methods introducing the lime. A total of 12 types of HMA mixtures and 72 specimens were fabricated and tested in this study. The performed properties include indirect tensile strength (ITS), tensile strength ratio (TSR), flow, and toughness. The results indicated that the nano-sized lime exhibits better moisture resistance. Introducing process of the nano-sized lime will produce difference in moisture susceptibility.

Field-aged asphalt binder performance evaluation for Evotherm warm mix asphalt: Comparisons with hot mix asphalt

2017 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 574-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shenghua Wu ◽  
Weiguang Zhang ◽  
Shihui Shen ◽  
Xiaojun Li ◽  
Balasingam Muhunthan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Hot Mix Asphalt ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Warm Mix Asphalt ◽  
Aged Asphalt

Construction Specification Framework for Utility Installations

2008 ◽  
Vol 2060 (1) ◽  
pp. 162-172
Author(s):  
Cesar Quiroga ◽  
David Ford ◽  
Timothy Taylor ◽  
Stanley Kranc ◽  
Edgar Kraus
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Control ◽  
Cost Data ◽  
Construction Contracts ◽  
Right Of Way ◽  
Sanitary Sewer ◽  
Construction Specifications ◽  
Measurement Units ◽  
Construction Specification ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Transportation Agencies

Utility accommodation policies nationwide contain requirements for the accommodation, location, installation, relocation, and maintenance of utility facilities on the state right-of-way. The policies normally cover basic requirements, making it necessary to use additional specifications and special provisions to handle situations not covered by the policies. Frequently, because of the lack of standard utility installation construction specifications at transportation agencies, many different versions of special specifications and special provisions exist. Closely related to the need to standardize construction specifications for utility installations is the need to standardize methodologies and procedures for determining the cost of utility relocation. This lack of standardization translates into difficulties such as how to verify the validity of the cost data submitted for reimbursement and how to prepare adequately for audits and other internal and external inquiries. This paper summarizes the work completed to develop a prototype framework of construction specification requirements for utility installations, with a focus on water, sanitary sewer, and communication specifications. The specification framework includes five groups of specifications: earth work, pipes and boxes, appurtenances, other, and general (including specifications such as mobilization and traffic control, which highway construction contracts typically include but are also relevant to the utility relocation process). The framework uses tables that summarize the main characteristics of proposed new and modified standard specifications and includes a listing of pay items, subsidiary items, and corresponding measurement units. The framework also includes specification requirements.

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