Streamlined Approach to Identify Projects That Are Not of Air Quality Concern for PM10 Hot-Spot Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (11) ◽  
pp. 286-295
Author(s):  
Reza Farzaneh ◽  
Chaoyi Gu ◽  
Suriya Vallamsundar ◽  
Madhusudhan Venugopal
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
El Paso ◽  
Lower Boundary ◽  
Baseline Scenario ◽  
Analytical Methodology ◽  
Hot Spot Analysis ◽  
Highway Projects ◽  
Annual Average Daily Traffic ◽  
Spot Analysis

Project-level particulate matter (PM) analysis, also known as hot-spot analysis, is required in non-attainment and maintenance areas for transportation projects that are identified as projects of air quality concern (POAQC). The only PM non-attainment area in Texas is El Paso which is currently designated as non-attainment for PM10. This paper presents an analytical methodology that was developed to determine the thresholds for highway activity parameters that would streamline the identification of projects that are not POAQCs, and minimize the risk that the project is misclassified. Researchers used the example provided by EPA, that is, 125,000 annual average daily traffic (AADT) and 8% heavy-duty trucks, as the baseline for the analysis. They then established combinations of AADT and truck percentage that would result in the same amount of PM10 emissions as the baseline scenario. Researchers used a set of conservative assumptions to achieve a very conservative/low-risk determination. The most important assumption among them was to not use a fixed baseline analysis year. Researchers used the proposed methodology to establish traffic activity thresholds for highway projects in El Paso, TX. Researchers established a baseline traffic activity (AADT and truck percentage) threshold curve which is a conservative representative of the lower boundary of POAQCs. Any combination of truck percentage and AADT that falls below this curve can be confidently excluded from POAQC consideration. Researchers developed an easy-to-use spreadsheet tool that would use user-provided AADT and truck percentages to identify whether a project could be confidently classified as not of air quality concern.

scholarly journals What are the contextual risk factors for low colorectal cancer screening uptake in El Paso County, Texas? Spatial cross-sectional analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. e038342
Author(s):  
Jennifer Salinas ◽  
Jacquelyn Brito ◽  
Cheyenne Rincones ◽  
Navkiran K Shokar
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Census Tract ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
El Paso ◽  
P Value ◽  
Hot Spot Analysis ◽  
Crc Screening ◽  
Screening Uptake ◽  
Fit Testing ◽  
Spot Analysis

ObjectiveThis study examines the geographical and socioeconomic factors associated with uptake of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening (colonoscopies or faecal immunochemical test (FIT) testing).DesignSecondary data analysis.SettingThe Against Colorectal Cancer in our Community (ACCION) programme was implemented in El Paso County, Texas, to increase screening rates among the uninsured and underinsured.ParticipantsWe successfully geocoded 5777 who were offered a free colonoscopy or FIT testing kit.Primary outcome measureCensus-tract CRC screening uptake average.ResultsMedicare recipient mortality (β=0.409, p-value=0.049) and % 65 years or older (β=−0.577, p value=0.000) were significant census tract contextual factors that were associated with the prevalence of CRC screening uptake in the geographically weighted Poisson regression. Neither Latino ethnicity nor immigrant concentration were significant predictors of CRC screening uptake in the ACCION programme. Hot spot analysis demonstrated that there was a significant low-value cluster in South Central El Paso. There was a similar hot spot for % 65 years or older in this same area, suggesting that uptake was lowest in an area that had the highest concentration of older adults.ConclusionThe results from this study revealed not only feasibility of hot spot analysis but also its utility in geographically tracking successful CRC screening uptake in cancer prevention and intervention programmes.

Project Level Carbon Monoxide Hot-Spot Analysis for Level of Service D Intersections

1998 ◽  
Vol 1641 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Meng ◽  
Debbie A. Niemeier
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Hot Spots ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Quality Analysis ◽  
Level Of Service ◽  
Background Concentration ◽  
Hot Spot Analysis ◽  
Spot Analysis ◽  
Project Level

Hot-spot [localized carbon monoxide (CO) and particulate matter (PM10) violations] analysis is often required by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to determine project level air quality conformity of transportation projects in accordance with state implementation plans. EPA uses intersection level of service (LOS) as one of its major criteria for identifying potential CO hot spots. EPA’s 1992 Guideline for Modeling CO from Roadway Intersections states that hot-spot analysis is not required for those intersections operating at LOS A, B, or C (i.e., these intersections are automatically eliminated as potential CO hot spots), whereas intersections operating at LOS D or worse must undergo detailed CO concentration analysis. Of all possible LOS D intersections, clearly only a few will actually require detailed modeling of CO concentrations. A new screening methodology that introduces the concept of meteorological situation-orientated reference charts is presented. Variations on the basic reference charts can incorporate such effects as signal type (e.g., pretimed versus actuated) and future fleet characteristics. Once the desired reference charts have been developed, to use them the analyst needs only to identify the applicable reference chart on the basis of the location of the project at hand and an approximate background concentration. The proposed screening methodology should save both effort and money often wasted on the redesign of intersections that are predicted to be hot spots at the time of air quality conformity analysis and when detailed air quality analysis of LOS D intersections is undertaken for intersections that are unlikely to be CO hot spots.

Hot-spot analysis of motorcyclist crashes involving fixed objects using multinomial logit and data mining tools

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Bahar Dadashova ◽  
Chiara Silvestri-Dobrovolny ◽  
Jayveersinh Chauhan ◽  
Marcie Perez ◽  
Roger Bligh
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Multinomial Logit ◽  
Hot Spot Analysis ◽  
Mining Tools ◽  
Spot Analysis

Early stage hot spot analysis through standard cell base random pattern generation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joong-Won Jeon ◽  
Jaewan Song ◽  
Jeong-Lim Kim ◽  
Seongyul Park ◽  
Seung-Hune Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Pattern Generation ◽  
Random Pattern ◽  
Standard Cell ◽  
Hot Spot Analysis ◽  
Cell Base ◽  
Spot Analysis

scholarly journals Geographic variation in preventable hospitalisations across Canada: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. e037195
Author(s):  
Piotr Wilk ◽  
Shehzad Ali ◽  
Kelly K Anderson ◽  
Andrew F Clark ◽  
Martin Cooke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Discharge Abstract Database ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hot Spot Analysis ◽  
Spot Analysis

ObjectiveThe objective of this study is to examine the magnitude and pattern of small-area geographic variation in rates of preventable hospitalisations for ambulatory care-sensitive conditions (ACSC) across Canada (excluding Québec).Design and settingA cross-sectional study conducted in Canada (excluding Québec) using data from the 2006 Canadian Census Health and Environment Cohort (CanCHEC) linked prospectively to hospitalisation records from the Discharge Abstract Database (DAD) for the three fiscal years: 2006–2007, 2007–2008 and 2008–2009.Primary outcome measurePreventable hospitalisations (ACSC).ParticipantsThe 2006 CanCHEC represents a population of 22 562 120 individuals in Canada (excluding Québec). Of this number, 2 940 150 (13.03%) individuals were estimated to be hospitalised at least once during the 2006–2009 fiscal years.MethodsAge-standardised annualised ACSC hospitalisation rates per 100 000 population were computed for each of the 190 Census Divisions. To assess the magnitude of Census Division-level geographic variation in rates of preventable hospitalisations, the global Moran’s I statistic was computed. ‘Hot spot’ analysis was used to identify the pattern of geographic variation.ResultsOf all the hospitalisation events reported in Canada during the 2006–2009 fiscal years, 337 995 (7.10%) events were ACSC-related hospitalisations. The Moran’s I statistic (Moran’s I=0.355) suggests non-randomness in the spatial distribution of preventable hospitalisations. The findings from the ‘hot spot’ analysis indicate a cluster of Census Divisions located in predominantly rural and remote parts of Ontario, Manitoba and Saskatchewan and in eastern and northern parts of Nunavut with significantly higher than average rates of preventable hospitalisation.ConclusionThe knowledge generated on the small-area geographic variation in preventable hospitalisations can inform regional, provincial and national decision makers on planning, allocation of resources and monitoring performance of health service providers.

Case Study of Crash Severity Spatial Pattern Identification in Hot Spot Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (9) ◽  
pp. 684-695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myungwoo Lee ◽  
Aemal J. Khattak
Keyword(s):  
Density Estimation ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Safety Concern ◽  
Hot Spot ◽  
Estimation Method ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Crash Severity ◽  
Hot Spot Analysis ◽  
Spot Analysis

Traffic crash hot spot analyses allow identification of roadway segments that may be of safety concern. Understanding geographic patterns of existing motor vehicle crashes is one of the primary steps for geostatistical-based hot spot analysis. Much of the current literature, however, has not paid particular attention to differentiating among cluster types based on crash severity levels. This study aims at building a framework for identifying significant spatial clustering patterns characterized by crash severity and analyzing identified clusters quantitatively. A case study using an integrated method of network-based local spatial autocorrelation and the Kernel density estimation method revealed a strong spatial relationship between crash severity clusters and geographic regions. In addition, the total aggregated distance and the density of identified clusters obtained from density estimation allowed a quantitative analysis for each cluster. The contribution of this research is incorporating crash severity into hot spot analysis thereby allowing more informed decision making with respect to highway safety.

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