Upper Extremity Injuries in the National Football League

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 1938-1944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan A. Mall ◽  
John C. Carlisle ◽  
Matthew J. Matava ◽  
John W. Powell ◽  
Charles A. Goldfarb
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
National Football League ◽  
Proximal Interphalangeal Joint ◽  
Interphalangeal Joint ◽  
Hand Injuries ◽  
American Football ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Finger Injuries ◽  
First Ray ◽  
Extremity Injuries

Background Very little has been published regarding the incidence of and duration of time lost after hand injuries in professional American football players. Hypotheses (1) Hand, first ray, and finger injuries in professional American football players represent a common cause of missed time from practice and game participation. (2) The effect of upper extremity injuries differs as a function of the anatomic site involved, injury type, and athlete's position. Study Design Descriptive epidemiologic study. Methods A retrospective review of all documented injuries to the hand, first ray, and fingers sustained by American football players in the National Football League over a 10-year period (1996–2005) was performed using the League's injury surveillance database. The data were analyzed from multiple perspectives, with emphasis on the type of injury, athlete position, and activity at the time of injury. Results A total of 1385 injuries occurred to the hand, first ray, and fingers over the 10 seasons studied. Of these injuries, 48% involved the fingers, 30% involved the first ray, and 22% involved the hand, with game injuries more common than practice injuries at each location. Metacarpal fractures and proximal interphalangeal joint dislocations were the 2 most common injuries. Offensive and defensive linemen were the most likely to sustain a hand injury; 80% of hand injuries were metacarpal fractures. The most common injuries to the first ray were fractures (48%) and sprains (36%), which occurred most often in athletes playing a defensive secondary position. Finger injuries were most commonly dislocations at the level of the proximal interphalangeal joint, typically involving the ulnar 2 digits. Finger injuries were most common in wide receivers and defensive secondary players. The act of tackling produced the most injuries (28%). Conclusion Upper extremity trauma, especially injury to the hand, first ray, and fingers, is a significant source of morbidity for professional football players. The results of this study may be used to implement preventive measures to help minimize these injuries.

Upper Extremity Injuries in the National Football League

2008 ◽  
Vol 36 (10) ◽  
pp. 1945-1952 ◽  
Author(s):  
John C. Carlisle ◽  
Charles A. Goldfarb ◽  
Nathan Mall ◽  
John W. Powell ◽  
Matthew J. Matava
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
National Football League ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
American Football ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Multiple Perspectives ◽  
Common Diagnosis ◽  
Elbow Injuries ◽  
Extremity Injuries ◽  
Forearm Injuries

Background Very little information is available regarding the incidence, causative mechanisms, and expected duration of time lost following upper extremity injuries in professional American football players. Hypotheses (1) Upper extremity injuries in professional American football players are a common cause of missed time from practice and game participation. (2) The effect of upper extremity injuries differs as a function of the site involved and the athlete's position. Study Design Descriptive epidemiologic study. Methods A retrospective review of all documented injuries to the elbow, forearm, and wrist sustained by all players in the National Football League over a 10-year period (1996–2005) was performed using the League's injury surveillance database. An injury was considered significant if it resulted in premature cessation of (or absence from) at least 1 practice, game, or training event. The data were analyzed from multiple perspectives, with emphasis on the type of injury, athlete position, and activity at the time of injury. Results There were 859 total injuries over the 10-year period: 58% involved the elbow, 30% involved the wrist, and 12% involved the forearm. Ligamentous injuries were the most common diagnosis in the elbow and wrist, with wrist sprains the most common of all diagnoses. Fractures were the most common injury occurring in the forearm. For all 3 anatomic locations, game injuries were much more common than practice injuries by a factor of 2.8 to 1. Forearm injuries led to a mean of 42 days lost, wrist injuries led to a mean of 27 days lost, and elbow injuries led to an average of 22 days lost. Fractures and dislocations led to the greatest amount of time lost (47 days and 53 days, respectively). Tackling was the activity most often (24%) implicated as causing injuries to the elbow, forearm, and wrist. Offensive and defensive linemen were most commonly injured. Elbow injuries were the most common at these positions, constituting approximately 75% of all injuries. Defensive backs sustained the greatest number of forearm injuries, approximately double the total number at any other position. Conclusion Upper extremity trauma is a significant issue for professional football players. In particular, the high incidence rates of elbow injuries in linemen and forearm injuries in defensive backs warrant further scrutiny.

scholarly journals Volar Plate Avulsion of Pip Joint: An Unusual Fielding Injury in Cricket

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-212
Author(s):  
Sharad Prabhakar ◽  
Himmat Singh Dhillon ◽  
Kevin Syam ◽  
Sidak Singh Dhillon ◽  
Mandeep Singh Dhillon
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Proximal Interphalangeal Joint ◽  
Interphalangeal Joint ◽  
Hand Injuries ◽  
Volar Plate ◽  
Finger Injuries ◽  
Pip Joint ◽  
Unusual Injury

ABSTRACT Fielding injuries are the predominant contact injury in cricket, with the fingers taking the blunt of the trauma due to direct hit by the ball while taking catches. Many types of hand and finger injuries like soft tissue contusions, fractures/dislocations and ligament and joint sprains have been observed in this popular team sport. One of the unique kind of hand injuries associated with cricket is the avulsion of the volar plate of the proximal interphalangeal joint (PIP). Here, we report this unusual injury in a 24-year-old cricketer, its management and 3-month follow-up along with a review of hand injuries in cricket. How to cite this article Prabhakar S, Dhillon HS, Syam K, Dhillon SS, Dhillon MS. Volar Plate Avulsion of Pip Joint; An Unusual Fielding Injury in Cricket. J Postgrad Med Edu Res 2015;49(4):209-212.

Effect of Turf Toe on Foot Contact Pressures in Professional American Football Players

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 405-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert H. Brophy ◽  
Seth C. Gamradt ◽  
Scott J. Ellis ◽  
Ronnie P. Barnes ◽  
Scott A. Rodeo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
National Football League ◽  
Peak Pressure ◽  
American Football ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Plantar Pressures ◽  
History Of ◽  
Turf Toe ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Contact Pressures

Background: The relationship between turf toe and plantar foot pressures has not been extensively studied. Two hypotheses were tested in a cohort of professional American football players: first, that a history of turf toe is associated with increased peak hallucal and first metatarsophalangeal (MTP) plantar pressures; second, that decreased range of motion (ROM) of the first MTP correlates with increased peak hallucal and first MTP plantar pressures. Materials and Methods: Forty-four athletes from one National Football League (NFL) team were screened for a history of turf toe during preseason training. Dorsal passive MTP ROM and dynamic plantar pressures were measured in both feet of each player. Anatomical masking was used to assess peak pressure at the first MTP and hallux. Results: First MTP dorsiflexion was significantly lower in halluces with a history of turf toe (40.6 ± 15.1 degrees versus 48.4 ± 12.8 degrees, p = 0.04). Peak hallucal pressures were higher in athletes with turf toe (535 ± 288 kPa versus 414 ± 202 kPa, p = 0.05) even after normalizing for athlete body mass index ( p = 0.0003). Peak MTP pressure was not significantly different between the two groups tested. First MTP dorsiflexion did not correlate with peak hallucal or first MTP pressures. Conclusion: This study showed that turf toe is associated with decreased MTP motion. In addition, increased peak hallucal pressures were found. Further study is warranted to determine whether these pressures correlate with the severity of symptoms or progression of turf toe to first MTP arthritis.

INVESTIGATION OF SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF A PNEUMATIC FINGER TOURNIQUET

Hand Surgery ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (02) ◽  
pp. 55-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mubashir H. Cheema ◽  
Syed N. Ali ◽  
Rosemary Chukwulobelu ◽  
Francis C. Peart
Keyword(s):  
Local Anaesthesia ◽  
Hand Surgery ◽  
Proximal Interphalangeal Joint ◽  
Synthetic Polymer ◽  
Interphalangeal Joint ◽  
Tourniquet Time ◽  
Pneumatic Tourniquet ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Finger Injuries

Finger tourniquets are widely used in hand surgery. However, they do not provide an estimate of the amount of pressure exerted and can potentially be left in situ with grave consequences. We assessed the pneumatic finger tourniquet in 57 adult patients in operations under local anaesthesia distal to the proximal interphalangeal joint. The average tourniquet time was 12 minutes. The tourniquet maintained its pressure for the length of the operation in 96.5% of cases. This airtight flat tubing is made of synthetic polymer, designed and manufactured by Barloworld Scientific Ltd (Staffordshire, UK). The tourniquet was easy to use and easily located after the operation. No complications were reported. This study supports the use of a pneumatic tourniquet in finger injuries requiring use of a finger tourniquet.

Posturing Responses in Concussions Sustained by Elite American Football Players

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-207
Author(s):  
Scott L. Bruce ◽  
Kyra Dorney
Keyword(s):  
Current Literature ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
National Football League ◽  
National Collegiate Athletic Association ◽  
American Football ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Loss Of Consciousness ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Association Football ◽  
Football Game

Current literature indicates loss of consciousness occurs in about 10% of concussions. Posturing presentations represent brain injuries and a loss of consciousness. The purpose of this study was to observe video evidence of football-game-related concussions to determine the rate in which a posturing presentation occurs in reported concussion. Over the course of three National Football League and three National Collegiate Athletic Association football seasons, 103 videos of 805 reported concussions met the inclusion criteria; 35 videos demonstrated a posturing presentation, for a rate of 33.98%. Our study indicates that the published statistic regarding loss of consciousness (occurring only about 10% of the time) may be too conservative.

Irreducible Compound Dorsal Dislocations of the Proximal Interphalangeal Joint of the Finger

1986 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-50
Author(s):  
INGER KJELDAL
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Open Reduction ◽  
Proximal Phalanx ◽  
Proximal Interphalangeal Joint ◽  
Interphalangeal Joint ◽  
Probable Mechanism ◽  
Hand Injuries ◽  
Tissue Structures

Three cases of compound irreducible dorsal dislocation of the proximal interphalangeal joint of the finger are reported. The probable mechanism is discussed. The findings warrant the description “volar capsular boutonnière” as the condyles of the proximal phalanx buttonhole, through the volar structures. Open reduction combined with debridement, is the treatment for such compound irreducible dorsal dislocations. Dislocation of the proximal interphalangeal joints of the fingers are common and can usually be reduced by simple traction. Occasionally reduction by closed methods is unsuccessful because of interposition of volar or dorsal soft tissue structures (Lamb 1981). This study reports three cases of compound dorsal dislocation of the proximal interphalangeal joint with volar soft tissue interposition. Such lesions are sparsely mentioned in text books on fractures and hand injuries and hitherto only a few cases have been published (Lamb 1981, Bunnell 1956).

scholarly journals NFL Draft Prep Players Improve 40-Yard Run Times and Foot-Ground Kinetics

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique Mokha ◽  
Tobin Silver ◽  
Pete Bommarito
Keyword(s):  
Contact Time ◽  
National Football League ◽  
Reaction Force ◽  
American Football ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Ground Contact ◽  
Vertical Ground Reaction Force ◽  
Linear Speed ◽  
Vertical Ground ◽  
Ground Contact Time

Introduction: Linear speed is a discriminant factor between drafted and undrafted American football players into the National Football League. Linear speed is influenced by foot-ground contact time and the magnitude of vertical ground reaction force. The aim of this study was to determine if foot-ground kinetics during speed running could be modified through participating in a 6-week NFL draft preparation camp. Methods:  To evaluate foot-ground kinetics, 16 American football players ran on an instrumented treadmill for 5 seconds at 6.5 m/s.  Linear speed was measured during a 40-yard (36.6 m) outdoor run. Pre- and post-camp linear speed times, stance-averaged vertical ground reaction forces (vGRF, kg/N), foot-ground contact time (msec), and vertical impulse (kg/N * s) were examined using paired t-tests, p<.05. Results: Linear speed times significantly improved [(pre, 4.8±0.2 vs. post, 4.6±0.2 sec), t(15)=13.8, p<.001)], and foot-ground contact time significantly decreased for the right limb [(pre, 177+3.2 vs. post, 168+2.2 ms), t(15)=2.21, p=.043]. Mean vertical impulse and stance-averaged GRF for both limbs remained unchanged, p>.05. Conclusions: Linear speed and selected foot-ground kinetics are modifiable in NFL draft prep players. Training appears to lower 40-yard run times and foot-ground contact time.

scholarly journals Effect of Concussions on National Football League Quarterback Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Elizabeth C. Heintz ◽  
Emily F. Foret ◽  
Jeremy J. Foreman
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
National Football League ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
American Football ◽  
Return To Play ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Career Outcomes ◽  
Neurocognitive Performance ◽  
Player Performance

Background: Sports-related concussion (SRC) rates are higher in American football than any other sport; therefore, the effects of SRCs on professional football players is a prevalent topic. Previous research has shown that sustaining an SRC has negative financial and overall career outcomes for athletes and may cause performance decrements after an athlete returns to play, however, the results of previous research regarding athlete performance after returning from an SRC are mixed. While some studies found that player performance in the National Football League (NFL) was unaffected upon returning from an SRC, evidence also suggests significant scoring reductions in offensive players. Although previous research has found that NFL running backs and wide receivers perform at levels similar to their performance before sustaining an SRC, little is known about quarterback performance after an SRC. There is also evidence that SRCs decrease neurocognitive performance, a quality that is crucial, especially for quarterbacks. Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine changes in NFL quarterback performances upon return to play from an SRC. Method: Quarterback ratings (QBRs) and concussion data from 2012-2015 were used to determine if changes occurred in NFL quarterback performance following an SRC. Results: QBRs decreased by 13.3 points (p = 0.014) after quarterbacks return from an SRC. Conclusions: Changes in on-field performance for NFL quarterbacks after sustaining an SRC could be the result of neurocognitive decrements that impact quick reaction and decision-making skills, which may have greater impacts on quarterbacks than other positions.

Upper extremity injuries in male elite football players

2012 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 1626-1632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Ekstrand ◽  
Martin Hägglund ◽  
Henrik Törnqvist ◽  
Karolina Kristenson ◽  
Håkan Bengtsson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Extremity Injuries

SURVEY OF UPPER EXTREMITY INJURIES AMONG MARTIAL ARTS PARTICIPANTS

Hand Surgery ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 18 (02) ◽  
pp. 151-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew M. Diesselhorst ◽  
Ghazi M. Rayan ◽  
Charles B. Pasque ◽  
R. Peyton Holder
Keyword(s):  
Upper Extremity ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
Hand Injuries ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Tae Kwon Do ◽  
Elbow Injuries ◽  
Level Of Training ◽  
Extremity Injuries ◽  
Upper Extremity Symptoms

Purpose: To survey participants at various experience levels of different martial arts (MA) about upper extremity injuries sustained during training and fighting. Materials: A 21-s question survey was designed and utilised. The survey was divided into four groups (Demographics, Injury Description, Injury Mechanism, and Miscellaneous information) to gain knowledge about upper extremity injuries sustained during martial arts participation. Chi-square testing was utilised to assess for significant associations. Results: Males comprised 81% of respondents. Involvement in multiple forms of MA was the most prevalent (38%). The hand/wrist was the most common area injured (53%), followed by the shoulder/upper arm (27%) and the forearm/elbow (19%). Joint sprains/muscle strains were the most frequent injuries reported overall (47%), followed by abrasions/bruises (26%). Dislocations of the upper extremity were reported by 47% of participants while fractures occurred in 39%. Surgeries were required for 30% of participants. Females were less likely to require surgery and more likely to have shoulder and elbow injuries. Males were more likely to have hand injuries. Participants of Karate and Tae Kwon Do were more likely to have injuries to their hands, while participants of multiple forms were more likely to sustain injuries to their shoulders/upper arms and more likely to develop chronic upper extremity symptoms. With advanced level of training the likelihood of developing chronic upper extremity symptoms increases, and multiple surgeries were required. Hand protection was associated with a lower risk of hand injuries. Conclusion: Martial arts can be associated with substantial upper extremity injuries that may require surgery and extended time away from participation. Injuries may result in chronic upper extremity symptoms. Hand protection is important for reducing injuries to the hand and wrist.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document