Humeral Retroversion and Injury Risk After Proximal Humeral Epiphysiolysis (Little Leaguer’s Shoulder)

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (13) ◽  
pp. 3100-3106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Ito ◽  
Teruhisa Mihata ◽  
Yuji Hosokawa ◽  
Akihiko Hasegawa ◽  
Masashi Neo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Baseball Players ◽  
Elbow Pain ◽  
Elbow Injury ◽  
Elbow Injuries ◽  
Little Leaguer’S Shoulder ◽  
Humeral Retroversion

Background: The increased humeral retroversion on the dominant side of throwing athletes is thought to result from repetitive throwing motion. Little Leaguer’s shoulder—a rotational stress fracture of the proximal humeral epiphyseal plate—may influence the risk of humeral retroversion and injury of the shoulder or elbow joint. Purpose: To investigate the effect of Little Leaguer’s shoulder on humeral retroversion and the rates of shoulder and elbow injuries. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: 10 high school baseball players (average age, 16.6 years; range, 16-18 years) who had experienced Little Leaguer’s shoulder during elementary or junior high school (average age, 12.6 years; range, 11-15 years) were enrolled in the study. As a control group, 22 high school baseball players (average age, 16.9 years; range, 16-18 years) who had never had any shoulder or elbow injury during elementary and junior high school were included. Humeral retroversion on ultrasonographic measurement, shoulder range of motion, and rates of shoulder and elbow injuries were evaluated. Results: Humeral retroversion was significantly greater on the dominant side than on the nondominant side in both players with Little Leaguer’s shoulder (dominant, 104°± 8°; nondominant, 84°± 12°; P < .001) and controls (dominant, 91°± 13°; nondominant, 81°± 10°; P < .001). In the dominant shoulder, humeral retroversion was greater in the Little Leaguer’s shoulder group than in the control group ( P = .008). When the effects of humeral retroversion were excluded, maximal external rotation was significantly less in the dominant shoulder than in the nondominant shoulder in the Little Leaguer’s shoulder group (by 11°± 12°, P = .02), whereas no significant difference was found between dominant (110°± 11°) and nondominant (111°± 13°) shoulders in the control group ( P = .64). The rates of shoulder and elbow pain were significantly higher in the Little Leaguer’s shoulder group (shoulder pain 80%, elbow pain 70%) than in the control group (shoulder pain 9%, P < .001; elbow pain 32%, P = .04). Conclusion: Humeral retroversion was increased in baseball players without any history of shoulder or elbow injury during elementary and junior high school and was further increased in players who had had Little Leaguer’s shoulder. Increased humeral retroversion after Little Leaguer’s shoulder may be a risk factor for future shoulder or elbow injury.

scholarly journals Little Leaguer’s Shoulder Caused Severe Humeral Retroversion: Ultrasonographic Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7_suppl5) ◽  
pp. 2325967119S0043
Author(s):  
Teruhisa Mihata ◽  
Masashi Neo
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Baseball Players ◽  
Little Leaguer’S Shoulder ◽  
Humeral Retroversion ◽  
And Control ◽  
Dominant Side ◽  
Throwing Motion

Objectives: The increased humeral retroversion on the dominant side in throwing athletes is thought to result from repetitive throwing motion. In the previous studies, the degree of increased humeral retroversion was various, suggesting that other factors may affect humeral retroversion. Little Leaguer’s shoulder, which is rotational stress fracture of the proximal humeral epiphyseal plate, may change humeral retroversion. The purpose of this study was to investigate effect of Little Leaguer’s shoulder on humeral retroversion. Methods: Ten high-school baseball players (average, 16.6 years; range, 16 to 18 years), who had had Little Leaguer’s shoulder during elementary or junior high schools (average, 12.6 years; range, 11 to 15 years), were enrolled in the study. As a control group, 22 high-school baseball players (average, 16.9 years; range, 16 to 18 years), who have never had shoulder or elbow pain, were included in this study. Humeral retroversion was ultrasonographically measured on the dominant and non-dominant sides. Humeral retroversion was compared between dominant and non-dominant shoulders with paired t-test. Side-to-side difference in humeral retroversion was compared between Little Leaguer’s shoulders and control group with unpaired t-test. Results: Humeral retroversion was significantly greater on the dominant side than on the non-dominant side in both Little Leaguer’s shoulder (Dominant, 104°±8°; Non-dominant, 84°±12°; P < .001) and control groups (Dominant, 91°±13°; Non-dominant, 81°±10°; P < .001). The side-to-side difference in humeral retroversion in Little Leaguer’s shoulder group (20°±10°) was significantly greater than that in control group (10°±10°, P = .02). Conclusion: Humeral retroversion was increased with repetitive throwing motion without any symptom in the shoulder and elbow joint. Additional increase in humeral retroversion was made when the players had had Little Leaguer’s shoulder in elementary or junior high school.

scholarly journals Shoulder and elbow pain in junior high school baseball players: Results of a nationwide survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 708-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenji Takagishi ◽  
Tetsuya Matsuura ◽  
Takashi Masatomi ◽  
Etsuo Chosa ◽  
Tsuyoshi Tajika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Baseball Players ◽  
Elbow Pain

Shoulder and Elbow Pain in Junior High School Baseball Players - Results of a Nationwide Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (11) ◽  
pp. e390
Author(s):  
Kenji Takagishi ◽  
Tetsuya Matsuura ◽  
Takashi Masatomi ◽  
Etsuo Chosa ◽  
Tsuyoshi Tajika ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Nationwide Survey ◽  
Baseball Players ◽  
Elbow Pain

scholarly journals Relationship Between Upper Limb Injuries and Hip Range of Motion in Elementary and Junior High School Baseball Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 232596712097091
Author(s):  
Noritaka Hamano ◽  
Hitoshi Shitara ◽  
Tsuyoshi Tajika ◽  
Takuro Kuboi ◽  
Tsuyoshi Ichinose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Baseball Players ◽  
Hip Range Of Motion ◽  
Elbow Injuries ◽  
Hip Flexion ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Dominant Side

Background: Shoulder and elbow injuries are major problems in baseball players. Tightness of the upper extremities has been reported as a risk factor for shoulder and elbow injuries in elementary and junior high school baseball players. However, few studies have been conducted on the relationship between decreased hip range of motion (ROM) and shoulder and elbow injuries. Purpose/Hypothesis: This study aimed to prospectively examine the relationship between hip ROM and throwing-related shoulder and elbow injuries in elementary and junior high school baseball players. The hypothesis was that players with unrestricted ROM in the hip would have a reduced risk of upper extremity injuries. Methods: The study included 263 baseball players (mean ± SD age, 10.5 ± 1.3 years; range, 7-14 years). The following physical parameters were assessed: (1) hip flexion ROM measured in the supine position and (2) hip internal and external rotation in the prone position. After the season, players completed questionnaires regarding shoulder and/or elbow injuries. For comparison, the players were classified as injured (not able to play for ≥8 days because of shoulder and/or elbow problems) or noninjured. Results: During the season, 52 players had shoulder and/or elbow injuries. When the injured and noninjured groups were compared, hip flexion on the dominant side (121.5° ± 12.0° vs 126.7° ± 9.8°, respectively; P < .01), hip flexion on the nondominant side (119.6° ± 11.7° vs 126.0° ± 9.9°, respectively; P < .01), and internal rotation on the dominant side (52.5° ± 11.3° vs 56.8° ± 10.8°, respectively; P = .01) were significantly reduced in the injured group. Conclusion: We identified preseason decreases in flexion bilaterally and internal rotation on the dominant side as risk factors for shoulder and elbow injuries in elementary and junior high school baseball players. Further studies are required to prevent disabilities in elementary and junior high school baseball players through development of prevention and intervention programs.

Implementing Context-Based Learning in Science Instruction: A Study on Science Literacy Improvement within Topics of Earthquake and Flood

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Farhiya Ulfah
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Science Literacy ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Science Instruction ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Research Subjects ◽  
Treatment Research ◽  
And Control

The goal of this research is gaining description on science literacy improvement of junior high school students regarding the topics of earthquake and flood as an effect of Contextual Based Learning (CBL) implementation during science instruction. Quasi-experiment serves as the method of this study with non-equivalent control group pre-test post-test design. Jigsaw cooperative learning method functions as the control treatment. Research subjects involve 52 students of grade VII in a state junior high school in Bandung Regency, West Java. Those research subjects are divided into two classes namely experiment class and control class. The instrument used to collect relevant data is science literacy test covering aspects of science content, science competence, and attitude towards science. Two independent sample t-test is applied to analyze the comparison of science literacy improvement reached between experiment and control class. The result of statistical calculation for two independent sample t-test N-gain using version 23 SPSS software shows a significant value of 0.00 &lt; α. 0.05 for all aspects. The findings indicate that CBL implementation during science instruction within topics of earthquake and flood is proven to be valid to improve students’ science literacy compared to jigsaw cooperative model.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Cognitive Restructuring Techniques in Improving Students Learning Motivation

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
Laily Puji Astuti ◽  
Muhammad Nur Wangid
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cognitive Restructuring ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
8Th Grade

The aim of the research is to determine the effectiveness of cognitive restructuring techniques to increase learning motivation in students of State Islamic Junior High School 6 Bantul. The type of research is experimental research. The research design uses quasi-experiment. The design uses Non-equivalent Control Group Design. The research population was 8th grade students of State Islamic Junior High School 6 Bantul, amounting to 149 students. The sampling technique in the research used purposive sampling. The criteria for determining the sample in the research are students of State Islamic Junior High School 6 Bantul at 8th grade which indicated to have low learning motivation. The data collection method uses a scale of learning motivation that has gone through validation processes. Data analysis using non-parametric statistics with the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The results showed that there were differences in the results of the experimental group's learning motivation before (M=72.17) and after (111.67) the treatment was given (p=0.027<0.05). These results can be concluded that cognitive restructuring techniques are effective to increase students learning motivation.

scholarly journals IMPROVING MATHEMATICAL COMMUNICATION ABILITY OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS CLASS VII THROUGH REALISTIC MATHEMATICS EDUCATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herlawan
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students ◽  
Mathematical Communication ◽  
Ability Test ◽  
Learning Mathematics ◽  
Communication Ability

The main purpose of this study to investigate the ability of mathematical communication ofHigh School Students, as a result of learning mathematics through application RealisticMathematics Education (RME). Research design used was a quasi experimental. Subjects inthis study consisted of 70 students of class VII Junior High School, Junior High School on oneof the states in Bandung academic year 2015/2016. Subject determined by purposivesampling techniques, and this study using pretest-posttest design of the control group. Datacollected with a mathematical communication ability test descriptions. Data were analyzedusing parametric statistical tests which is Test Independent Sample T-Test and nonparametrical tests which is Test Mann-Whitney. The results showed that: (1) students wholearn math with RME approach has a better ability mathematical communication of studentswho do not learn math with RME; (2) increasing mathematical communication ability ofstudents who learn with RME better than students who do not learn with RME; (3) students'attitudes toward learning mathematics through RME showed a positive attitude.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PROMOSI KESEHATAN MELALUI VIDEO VLOG TERHADAP TINGKAT PENGETAHUAN TENTANG PENYALAHGUNAAN NARKOBA PADA SISWA SISWI DI SMP STRADA MARGA MULIA JAKARTA SELATAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Agnes Berlina Printina
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Drug Abuse ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Control Group Design

ABSTRAKPendahuluan: Penyalahgunaan narkoba merupakan masalah yang serius di berbagai negara bahkan di Indonesia. Keterbatasan informasi menjadi kendala kurangnya pengetahuan remaja tentang narkoba. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh video vlog terhadap tingkat pengetahuan tentang penyalahgunaan narkoba pada siswa siswi di SMP Strada Jakarta Selatan. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan quasi eksperiment dengan pre -post test control group design yang dilakukan pada Oktober 2017. Kelompok kontrol terdiri dari 52 responden dari SMP Asisi Jakarta Selatan dan 67 responden merupakan kelompok intervensi dari SMP Strada Marga Mulia Jakarta Selatan. Responden didapatkan dengan cara Total Sampling. Data dianalisa dengan Uji t-test independent dan paired sampel t-test. Hasil: Penelitian ini menunjukan terdapat perbedaan tingkat pengetahuan antara kelompok kontrol yang tidak diberikan perlakuan dan kelompok intervensi yang diberikan promosi kesehatan melalui video vlog dengan p value 0,000. Penelitian ini juga menunjukan pengaruh yang signifikan terhadap tingkat pengetahuan pada kelompok intervensi dengan video vlog  p value 0,000. Simpulan: Promosi kesehatan dengan video vlog bagi siswa dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang penyalahgunaan narkoba sehingga dapat terhindar dari penyalahgunaan  narkoba. Kata Kunci: promosi kesehatan,  pengetahuan,  narkoba, vlog ABSTRACT Introduction: Drug abuse is a serious problem in many countries include Indonesia. The limitdness informations of knowledge for teenegers being obstacle. This purpose of this study was to determine the influence of health promotion through a vlog toward on the level knowledge about drug abuse at students in Strada Marga Mulia Junior High School. Method: this study is an quasi eksperiment with pre test post test control group design that alrady implemented on October 2017. The control group consist of 52 respondents in Asisi Jakarta Selatan Junior High School and 62 respondents of intervention group in Strada Marga Mulia Junior High School. The respondents obtained by total sampling. The data are analysed with independent t-test anda paired sampel t-test. Result: this study show that there is difference of knowledge’s level between control group that no treatment and intervention group that significant health promotion through vlog with p value 0,000. This study show the significant influence toward knowledge level in intervention group of vlog with p value 0,000. Conclution: health promotion with vlog for students can improve the knowledge about drug abuse, allowing can be escape by drug abuse. Keywords: health promotion, knowledge, narcotics, vlog 

scholarly journals Pengaruh Penerapan Strategi Pembelajaran Scaffolding terhadap Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematis Siswa Madrasah Tsanawiyah Al-Hidayah Singingi Hilir ditinjau dari Motivasi Belajar Siswa

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Saputri Indah Lestari ◽  
Lies Andriani
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Learning Strategy ◽  
Junior High ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Concept Understanding ◽  
Scaffolding Learning

This research was instigated by the problem in the field showing that their mathematic concept understanding ability was low at Islamic Junior High School of Al Hidayah Singingi Hilir. One of learning anternative strategy could direct to the students in increasing mathematic concept understanding ability was scoffolding learning straytegy. the research aimed at investigating whether there was or not difference mathematic concept understanding ability between students joining Scaffolding learning strategy and student joining teacher implementing based on their learning motivation at Islamic JuniorHigh School of Al Hidayah Singingi Hilir.  It was quasi experimental research with nonequivalent posttest-only control group design. Population of this research were the students at the eight grade of Islamic Junior High School of Al Hidayah Singingi Hilir. Sample of this research was used sampling purposive technique. VIII of B as experimental group was given Scaffolding learning strategy and VIII of A as the control group given teacher learning implementing.Instrument of collecting data was used decription test to measure their mathematic concept understanding and questionnaire to measure their learning motivation. Two way ANOVA was the technique of data analysis.  Based the data analysis could be concluded that         1) there was a difference student mathematic concept understanding ability joining Scaffolding learning strategy and did not joining Scaffolding learning Strategy. 2) There was no an interaction between Scaffolding learning strategy and their learning motivation toward their mathematic concept understanding abilityKeywords:  Scaffolding, Mathematic Concept Understanding Ability Student Learning, Motivation

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