scholarly journals Boundary work between research communities: Culture and power in a French nanosciences and nanotechnology hub

2013 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 134-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morgan Jouvenet
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Boundary Work ◽  
Scientific Activity ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Dimension ◽  
Local Competition ◽  
Research Communities ◽  
Professional Boundary ◽  
Economic Expectations ◽  
Local Research

Today, nanoscience and nanotechnology (NS/T) is one of the most visible domains of scientific activity. Its promises rest especially on a convergence dynamics that brings various research communities closer together. This convergence is interdisciplinary, but it also renews links between applied and basic science. Nanoscale-related folk myths and economic expectations are well documented, as are interventions of policymakers. Lab-level relations have on the other hand been less studied. Based on a qualitative study conducted in one of France’s main NS/T centres, this article shows how researchers experience boundaries in the workplace. Indeed, as local physicists are prompted to plan heterogeneous projects, they stress the importance of cultural and professional distinctions between local research communities. If Shinn’s ‘regimes of knowledge production’ offer useful conceptual tools to make sense of interactions and distinctions in this science and technology hub, the cultural dimension of exchanges and resistances has nevertheless to be emphasized in this framework. For the interviewed scientists, professional boundary work has furthermore a clear political meaning, while their collective rhetoric is also a way to claim credit in the local competition for institutional favours.

scholarly journals EXPRESS: Professional Boundaries in-Action: Using Reflective Spaces for Boundary Work to Incorporate a New Health Care Role

2021 ◽  
pp. 001872672110103
Author(s):  
Nina Lunkka ◽  
Noora Jansson ◽  
Tuija Mainela ◽  
Marjo Suhonen ◽  
Merja Meriläinen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Boundary Work ◽  
Institutional Context ◽  
Professional Role ◽  
Division Of Labour ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Professional Boundaries ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Transformative Potential ◽  
Professional Boundary

Prior research on professional boundary work emphasises the importance of subtle interactions among affected individuals when a new role is inserted into an established professional setting, which inevitably changes the prevalent division of labour. Thus, managers may set reflective spaces for professionals to collaboratively arrange their boundaries and make room for the new professional. This ethnomethodologically oriented study examines boundary arrangements in work development meetings in a university hospital, while professionals made room for a new role, a hospitalist. Examining professionals’ naturally occurring interactions in reflective spaces, the findings depict seven categorisations for the hospitalist. Elaborating on the dynamics of these categorisations, we propose that technically based categorisations sustain stability and context-bound categorisations allow change in work practices, whereas their combination enables transformation within the institutional context. Accordingly, the study adds to the literature on the transformative potential of reflective spaces by illuminating the intertwining of engaged professionals’ boundary talk-in-interaction with the consequences of configurational boundary work in relation to a new professional role.

scholarly journals Regional Dimension in Knowledge Production in Hungary

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. 247-264
Author(s):  
Endre Spaller ◽  
László Vasa
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
The Other

Know­ledge flow is de­scribed by two con­tra­dict­ing the­or­ies. One of them claims that know­ledge can only be put in prac­tice if in ad­di­tion to writ­ten ele­ments, its tacit parts can also be trans­ferred. This is why prox­im­ity and a com­mon cul­ture mat­ter, and RDI (re­search, de­vel­op­ment and in­nov­a­tion) in­tense activ­it­ies tend to spa­tially con­cen­trate. Ac­cord­ing to the other the­ory, gov­ern­mental RDI ex­pendit­ure is a good way to re­duce re­gional gaps. In this paper EU’s Ho­ri­zon 2020 re­search fund­ing frame­work data is ana­lysed and ef­forts are made at de­cid­ing which the­ory is con­firmed by them. Should the lead­ers in in­nov­a­tion have a dif­fer­ent RDI policy than those with poorer RDI res­ults? An over­view is given of the main policy de­bates that form and in­flu­ence na­tional and supra­na­tional re­search, de­vel­op­ment and in­nov­a­tion policy frame­works and sub­sid­ising sys­tems. The cur­rent state of the Hun­garian RDI sec­tor is de­scribed and con­clu­sions are drawn on sub­sid­isa­tion policy in light of the H2020 data.

Art Criticism in the Contracted Field1

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Bowman
Keyword(s):  
Contemporary Art ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Art Criticism ◽  
The Other ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Roundtable Discussion ◽  
Cultural Field ◽  
Intellectual Labor ◽  
Critical Discourses

Abstract Just over a decade-and-a-half ago, a roundtable discussion published in the pages of October worried that the periodic renewal of critical discourses had slowed to a standstill and that art criticism was faced with obsolescence. Such an obsolescence should be understood in a broadly Hegelian manner: the danger is not that art criticism would disappear from the cultural field, but that it will continue—although drained of its previous necessity. Such fears perhaps run the risk of exaggeration, yet this article shall suggest that there seems a sense in which the field of art criticism has contracted in recent years. Self-reflexivity in art and the popularization of “para-curatorial” approaches, for instance, often underpin the artwork discursively before the arrival of art criticism upon the scene. To be sure, such circumstances are viewable positively as interdisciplinary dialogical opportunities, but the negative flipside here is that art criticism’s potential contribution becomes increasingly minimized. From another angle, critics such as Isabelle Graw have contended that the economic-cultural regime of post-Fordism, with its attention on intellectual labor and knowledge production, might actually hold possibilities for the contemporary art critic—but even here, I argue, art criticism becomes contracted, albeit in the other meaning of the word.

Using Recommendation Systems to Adapt Gameplay

2011 ◽  
pp. 64-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Medler
Keyword(s):  
Web Application ◽  
Web Applications ◽  
Recommendation Systems ◽  
User Preferences ◽  
The Other ◽  
User Input ◽  
Data Intensive ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Research Communities ◽  
Game Developers

Recommendation systems are key components in many Web applications (Amazon, Netflix, eHarmony). Each system gathers user input, such as the products they buy, and searches for patterns in order to determine user preferences and tastes. These preferences are then used to recommend other content that a user may enjoy. Games on the other hand are often designed with a one-size-fits-all approach not taking player preferences into account. However there is a growing interest in both the games industry and game research communities to begin incorporating systems that can adapt, or alter how the game functions, to specific players. This paper examines how Web application recommendation systems compare to current games that adapt their gameplay to specific players. The comparison shows that current games do not use recommendation methods that are data intensive or collaborative when adapting to players. Design suggestions are offered within this manuscript for how game developers can benefit from incorporating the lesser used recommendation methods.

“The Other Side”: Assessing the Polarization of Gender Knowledge Through a Feminist Analysis of the Affective-Discursive in Anti-Feminist Online Communities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann-Kathrin Rothermel
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Online Communities ◽  
Public Discourse ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Other ◽  
Knowledge Generation ◽  
Close Reading ◽  
The Public ◽  
Production Building ◽  
Gender Knowledge

Abstract Given the current polarization of gender knowledge in the public discourse, this article investigates the “other side” of gender knowledge production. Building on feminist standpoint literature, I conduct a close reading of the affective-discursive dynamics of knowledge production in two anti-feminist online communities in the United States and India. I find that anti-feminist communities appropriate feminist practices of consciousness-raising to construct a shared sense of victimization. This appropriation is, however, incomplete. In contrast to feminist practices, anti-feminist knowledge generation is premised on the polarizing themes of “ultimate victimhood” and “ultimate other,” which lead to violence and exclusion, rather than liberation.

Interpreting the Uninterpretable: The Ethics of Opaqueness as an Approach to Moments of Inscrutability in Fieldwork

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xymena Kurowska
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Production ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Relational Psychoanalysis ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Construction Of Meaning ◽  
Narrative Practice

Abstract This paper develops what I call “the ethics of opaqueness” as a response to conceptual impasses concerning the uninterpretability of intersubjective knowledge production in narrative practice. The ethics of opaqueness sees the other as inscrutable and radically heterogenous, and confronts interpretations of the other by the self as suspicious projections. Thus, such an ethics addresses the self, not the other, as the object of the “hermeneutics of suspicion.” In order to conceptualize the ethics of opaqueness, I look to relational psychoanalysis, which understands the unconscious as being inherently intersubjective. This results in a reformulation of the process of recognition, and deeper acknowledgment of countertransference—that is, the partly unconscious conflicts activated in the researcher through the research encounter, which may lead to imposing meaning on the other. The apparatus of relational psychoanalysis concretizes the limits of knowing either the other or the self and supplies a vocabulary to crystallize the double quality of “uninterpretable moments” in narrative practice. They may trigger an imposition of a frame and therefore an interpretive closure; however, they also supply a potentially transformative space for the contentious co-construction of meaning, often in the form of metaphors, which subverts any claim to interpretive mastery.

scholarly journals The Chartist Prisoners, 1839–41

1979 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Godfrey
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
National Level ◽  
Good Deal ◽  
The Other ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
National Perspective ◽  
The One ◽  
Local Research

Historians of Chartism face a dilemma. On the one hand, they are obliged to interpret this national political movement on the national level, to attempt to explain why millions of British working men and women were engaged in organized political activity over several decades. But, on the other hand, many of the richest sources on Chartism are found on the local level. Older histories of the movement treated Chartism from a national perspective, but failed to take note of many of its complexities. More recently, a good deal of local research has rigorously tested our assumptions about Chartism, but the task of carefully analyzing the movement on the national level still remains.

scholarly journals Anthropology and Open Access

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Baird Jackson ◽  
Ryan Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Cultural Anthropology ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
The Other ◽  
Interview Format ◽  
Practical Information ◽  
Critical Anthropology ◽  
Gold Open Access

In an article coauthored in interview format, the authors introduce open-access practices in an anthropological context. Complementing the other essays in this special section on open access, on the occasion of Cultural Anthropology’s move to one version of the gold open access business model, the focus here is on practical information needed by publishing cultural anthropologists. Despite this limitation, the authors work to touch on the ethical and political contexts of open access. They argue for a critical anthropology of scholarly communication (inclusive of scholarly publishing), one that brings the kinds of engaged analysis for which Cultural Anthropology is particularly well known to bear on this vital aspect of knowledge production, circulation, and valuation.

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