On the Issue of the Reproduction of Scientific Personnel

One of the priority issues in the development of the country’s scientific and technological sphere is reproduction and increasing the role of human capital in an innovative economy. The difficulties of becoming a scientist in current Russian conditions are discussed. The special role of the family in the start of a scientific career and the decline in institutional support from the state are emphasized. Internal and external factors that hinder the process of reproduction of research personnel are considered. One of such key factors is the general decline in the authority and prestige of science in the country, which affects the motivational component of young people when choosing the profession of a scientist. It is shown that the creation of optimal conditions - both material support and maintenance of the environment and the preservation of the values of intellectual labor, as well as the presence of development prospects in the profession for young people are important components of the process of reproduction of scientific personnel.

Psychology’s Stewardship of Gender/Sex

Psychological theories of gender and/or sex (gender/sex) have the capacity to shape people’s self-perceptions, social judgments, and behaviors. The institutional power of psychology to affect cognition and behavior—not just to measure them—necessitates a serious consideration of our social responsibility to manage the products of our intellectual labor. Therefore, I propose that psychological research should be understood as stewardship of gender/sex (and socially relevant concepts in general). In this issue, four articles collectively serve as a demonstrative slice of the diversity of current directions in psychological research on gender/sex. I use these articles as springboards for articulating key elements of psychologists’ stewardship of gender/sex and strategies for improving our stewardship. First, I examine how psychology’s historical stewardship of gender/sex has yielded both new methods for self-understanding and harmful consequences for marginalized people. Next, I explore promising current approaches that center minoritized perspectives. I also discuss roadblocks to effective stewardship, including narrowly disciplinary approaches. Finally, I consider strategies for improving psychology’s stewardship of gender/sex, such as mitigating gender/sex essentialism and employing generative theoretical frameworks built from interdisciplinary insights.

Search is a verb: systematic review searching as invisible labor

Invisible labor is a term used by labor economists to describe work that contributes, and is often even necessary, to the economy but largely goes unrecognized and unpaid. Despite the fact that systematic review searching is a significant task for many librarians and knowledge professionals, the search process can be considered a form of invisible labor because it often goes without recognition. This occurs sometimes through not granting authorship to the librarian who performed the intellectual contribution of search development and sometimes through a devaluing of the search process by the choice of language used to describe the search. By using the term search as a passive verb or noun, authors devalue the real intellectual labor involved in searching, which includes decisions related to search terms and combinations, database selection, and other search parameters. This commentary explores the context of how searching is described through the concept of invisible labor.

Speaking for the People

In Speaking for the People Mark Rifkin examines nineteenth-century Native writings to reframe contemporary debates around Indigenous recognition, refusal, and resurgence. Rifkin shows how works by Native authors (William Apess, Elias Boudinot, Sarah Winnemucca, and Zitkala-Ša) illustrate the intellectual labor involved in representing modes of Indigenous political identity and placemaking. These writers highlight the complex processes involved in negotiating the character, contours, and scope of Indigenous sovereignties under ongoing colonial occupation. Rifkin argues that attending to these writers' engagements with non-native publics helps provide further analytical tools for addressing the complexities of Indigenous governance on the ground—both then and now. Thinking about Native peoplehood and politics as a matter of form opens possibilities for addressing the difficult work involved in navigating among varied possibilities for conceptualizing and enacting peoplehood in the context of continuing settler intervention. As Rifkin demonstrates, attending to writings by these Indigenous intellectuals provides ways of understanding Native governance as a matter of deliberation, discussion, and debate, emphasizing the open-ended unfinishedness of self-determination.

USING THE CAPABILITIES OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLECT IN CRIMINAL PROCEEDINGS

The article is devoted to the study of the possibilities of using artificial intellect in criminal proceedings. With the development of information technologies in various fields, the question of system automation is increasingly raised. The possibility of replacing human physical labor is not controversial, but intellectual labor is difficult to automate, as it often contains a creative element. In law, it is possible to use information technologies through the introduction of electronic document management, remote holding of court sessions, etc. However, the issue of automating decision-making remains open, especially in the criminal procedure sphere. The need to take into account the specifics of each criminal case, the individualization of punishment does not allow us to completely replace judges with robots. The implementation of such principles as the independence of judges and the adversarial nature of the parties in criminal proceedings will be difficult. The proof process will need to be reformed, taking into account the ability of the parties to provide proofs in electronic form, which may not be available due to the technical difficulties encountered by the parties and the court. In this case, the decision made by the robot judge will not meet the requirements imposed on such a decision by the law. Excluding the invaluable experience of the judge in sentencing is likely to lead to negative consequences for justice.

FSU Libraries Office of Digital Research & Scholarship Annual Report: 2020-2021

The Office of Digital Research and Scholarship partners with members of the scholarly community at FSU and beyond to engage with and act on innovative ideas in teaching, research, and creative activity. We privilege marginalized voices and unique contributions to scholarly discourse. We support interdisciplinary inquiry in our shared pursuit of research excellence. We work with scholars to explore and implement new modes of scholarship that emphasize broad impact and access.Our dream is to create an environment where our diverse scholarly community is rewarded for engaging in innovative modes of research and scholarship. We envision a system of research communication that is rooted in open, academy-owned infrastructure, that privileges marginalized voices, and that values all levels and aspects of intellectual labor. In addition to the accomplishments related to our core work areas outlined in this report, we also developed an Anti-Racist Action Plan in 2020 and continue to work on enacting and periodically revising and updating the goals outlined therein.

FORMATION OF INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL AND DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLECTUAL MIGRATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION

The relations of intellectual capital, in essence, are partly civil relations, which in accordance with Art. 1 of the Civil Code of Ukraine are personal non-property and property relations based on legal equality, free will, property independence of their participants, and in part are public-law (administrative) relations. The norms of civil law regulate: relations arising in connection with the possession, use, disposal, etc. of the results of intellectual, creative activity (actually, the relationship of intellectual capital or the relationship of intellectual capital in the narrow sense). At the same time, the relations related to the registration of intellectual capital rights, ensuring their protection with the help of state bodies, etc., are regulated by the rules of public law. It is studied that intellectual labor migration is the movement of the working population to other settlements, including abroad, due primarily to motives to meet current and future socio-economic needs, in particular to obtain more income from temporary work (once, several times, regularly) or on a regular basis, avoiding social risks, threats to life.

“GOOD” AND “BAD” PERSON: SPECIFICS OF A CATEGORIZATION OF A PERSON BY ADULT INTERNET USERS

Scientific problem and relevance. The novelty and active introduction of digital technologies make psychological studies of the Internet impact on users of different age groups relevant. The study covers adult and senior age groups, whose psychological formation finished during the pre-digital era. Aim. The paper aims to reveal the specifics of a categorical structure of adult web-users’ consciousness regarding social perception. Methods. The results of an empirical research carried out in the tradition of the cognitive approach are as follows. The study involved 600 respondents. All the respondents were representatives of the intellectual labor and are from 35 to 60 years. Using an open-ended questionnaire, the respondents were divided into two contrasting groups: “the reading subjects” and “the active Internet users” (n=100 each). Modeling of the categorical structure of the respondents’ consciousness was carried out through the factor analysis. As the incentive material, the assessments of the features of a “good” and “bad” person were used. The leading criterion of the complexity of consciousness is the quantity of the categories that form the concept. Main results. The main conclusions are that the reading subjects have a more complex cognitive structure in the categorization of a personality. There are two parameters that indicate this complexity: the quantity of the categories that form the concept, and the quantity of the categories with a bipolar internal organization (p=0.05). Sphere of application. The data can state the rationale of online activity restrictions of adult Internet users. Conclusion. A simplification of a categorical structure in social cognition among the active Internet users can be a kind of deformation because of Internet impact.

Higher Education Received by Young Russian Emigrants in European Countries in the 1920s-1930s and Problems of further Employment (Based on Materials of Czechoslovakia and France)

The article presents the process of getting higher education by students, emigrants from Russia. Special attention is paid to the organizations that rendered assistance in the admission and training of students at the universities of Czechoslovakia and France. The Committee on Education for Russian students in Czechoslovakia (CERSC) and the Committee on Higher Education for Russian youth abroad ("Fedorov Committee") contributed to the organization of student education by providing scholarships, by exempting them from paying tuition fees, and providing a dorm. The activities of these organizations were carried out at the expense of the governments of the host countries and benefactors.The article notes that getting a European education contributed to the success-ful adaptation of Russian youth in a foreign society with different culture, which gave them an opportunity to find a job. The analysis of the documents showed the problems that graduates-emigrants of European universities encountered, in Czechoslovakia in particular. The low demand for personnel of intellectual labor led to the fact that many had to get a craft profession after graduating from a university. The Association of Russian Graduates of Higher Educational Institutions in the Czech Republic (AR-GHEI) arranged such short-term courses. Owing to the assistance of this organization, young emigrants were able to get jobs in other countries.The article is based on the analysis of documents from the National Archives of the Czech Republic (Czechia) and the Library-Fund "Russian Diaspora" (Russia).The article presents the process of getting higher education by students, emigrants from Russia. Special attention is paid to the organizations that rendered assistance in the admission and training of students at the universities of Czechoslovakia and France. The Committee on Education for Russian students in Czechoslovakia (CERSC) and the Committee on Higher Education for Russian youth abroad ("Fedorov Committee") contributed to the organization of student education by providing scholarships, by exempting them from paying tuition fees, and providing a dorm. The activities of these organizations were carried out at the expense of the governments of the host countries and benefactors. The article notes that getting a European education contributed to the successful adaptation of Russian youth in a foreign society with different culture, which gave them an opportunity to find a job. The analysis of the documents showed the problems that graduates-emigrants of European universities encountered, in Czechoslovakia in particular. The low demand for personnel of intellectual labor led to the fact that many had to get a craft profession after graduating from a university. The Association of Russian Graduates of Higher Educational Institutions in the Czech Republic (AR-GHEI) arranged such short-term courses. Owing to the assistance of this organization, young emigrants were able to get jobs in other countries. The article is based on the analysis of documents from the National Archives of the Czech Republic (Czechia) and the Library-Fund "Russian Diaspora" (Russia).

Analysis of Office Staff Productivity Factors

The adaptation of well-known approaches to the assessment and identification of reserves for improving the productivity of managerial, administrative and other office work due to the changing format and technologies of its implementation as a result of digitalization is considered. A scientific approach to measuring and evaluating the productivity of intellectual labor is proposed based on the method of calculating productivity reserves as a value that depends on the time of organizational and qualification losses. The article shows the specifics of calculating such criteria for assessing labor productivity as possible and maximum productivity, the size of their reserves and the time loss factor for a particular employee or various organizational structures of managerial, administrative or office activities.