A Short Note on the Simulation of the Atrium Smoke Filling Process Using Fire Zone Models

1994 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 516-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.K. Chow
Keyword(s):  
Short Note ◽  
Filling Process ◽  
Fire Zone ◽  
Smoke Filling

A Short Note on Using a Time Constant in Specifying Smoke Filling Time in an Atrium Under an Unsteady Fire

1995 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 434-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.K. Chow
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Time Constant ◽  
Short Note ◽  
Zone Model ◽  
Smoke Control ◽  
Fire Zone ◽  
Filling Time ◽  
Version 2.0 ◽  
Smoke Filling

A time constant derived from a t-squared fire with the geometry of an atrium is proposed to specify the smoke filling time. The smoke filling pro cesses in 27 atria with volume varying from 2,500 to 35,000 m3 were simulated by the fire zone model CFAST version 2.0. The atria are located adjacent to a "fire" shop at a lower level. Correlation relationships between the smoke filling time and the time constant are derived. Further, performance of smoke control systems in the atria are evaluated.

Numerical study on using vortex flow to improve smoke exhaust efficiency in large-scale atrium fires

2021 ◽  
pp. 1420326X2110312
Author(s):  
Xiang Fang ◽  
Anthony CY Yuen ◽  
Guan H Yeoh ◽  
Eric WM Lee ◽  
Sherman CP Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Vortex Flow ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Final Height ◽  
Tangential Velocity ◽  
Exhaust System ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Filling Process ◽  
Numerical Predictions ◽  
Smoke Filling

A high-performance smoke exhaust system is vital for maintaining a tenable environment during fire accidents evacuation. This study proposes a novel vortex flow driven smoke exhaust system to delay the smoke filling process during the atrium fire accident. The complex fluid movement and combustion reactions were predicted using Fire Dynamics Simulator, and the predicted smoke filling process was identified by the least-square method. Good agreements between numerical predictions and experimental measurements for vertical temperature, tangential velocity profile and smoke interface height were achieved. The numerical outcomes revealed that the amount of fresh air supplied, heat release rate and exhaust fan's rate determined the smoke interface's final height. A parametric study was also carried out to investigate the dominating factor in maintaining a stable vortex flow to maximize the smoke exhaust efficiency. Numerical results showed that the vortex flow smoke exhaust system could slow down the smoke filling, and the stability of the swirling fire is crucial for the system's performance.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
Short Note ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Everyday Lives ◽  
Early Settlement ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Initial Research

The chapters in this collection explore the everyday lives, experiences, practices and attitudes of Muslims in Scotland. In order to set the context for these chapters, in this introduction I explore the early settlement of Muslims in Scotland and discuss some of the initial research projects that charted the settlement of Asians and Pakistanis in Scotland’s main cities. I then discuss the current situation for Muslims in Scotland through data from the 2011 Scottish Census. Following a short note about the significance of the Scottish context, in the final section, the main themes and issues that have been explored in research about Muslims in Scotland.

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