Preservation Planning: Redeveloping Public and Affordable Housing

2020 ◽  
pp. 0739456X2092516
Author(s):  
Shomon Shamsuddin
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Subsidized Housing ◽  
Hope Vi ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Federal Programs ◽  
Preservation Planning ◽  
Neighborhood Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting

Urban planners face an affordable housing crisis compounded by federal programs that eliminated subsidized housing. Prior work indicates profit-making motivations and race influenced housing removal but overlooks planning efforts to rebuild affordable housing. This paper explores the neighborhood factors affecting the redevelopment of subsidized housing under the Housing Opportunities for People Everywhere (HOPE VI) program, using multivariate regression analysis of U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) and Census data. Findings show housing market indicators, racial composition, and poverty rates do not predict the mix of rebuilt units, which suggests opportunities for planning to promote affordable housing goals in public–private development projects.

Residential Care Development in California: History and Policy

2021 ◽  
pp. 088541222110357
Author(s):  
Stephen Frochen ◽  
Jennifer Ailshire ◽  
Jon Pynoos
Keyword(s):  
Residential Care ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Assisted Living ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Federal Programs ◽  
Local Planning ◽  
California History ◽  
The Public ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Planning Policies

This literature review provides a framework for understanding the development of residential care in California, including state licensing, federal funding, and state and local planning policies for the development of facilities. It discusses the history, planning, and licensing of residential care as a home and community-based service in California. It examines the historic and innovative federal programs supporting assisted living in public or affordable housing, the public equivalent of residential care. Finally, it describes how the California housing crisis has prompted a new and sweeping set of state and local planning policies encouraging its development.

scholarly journals The Level of Conus Medullaris in 629 Healthy Japanese Individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 3182
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Nakashima ◽  
Keigo Ito ◽  
Yoshito Katayama ◽  
Mikito Tsushima ◽  
Kei Ando ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Pelvic Tilt ◽  
Pelvic Incidence ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Conus Medullaris ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Adult Volunteers ◽  
Significant Factors

The conus medullaris typically terminates at the L1 level; however, variations in its level and the factors associated with the conus medullaris level are unclear. We investigated the level of conus medullaris on magnetic resonance imaging in healthy volunteers. In total, 629 healthy adult volunteers (≥50 individuals of each sex and in each decade of age from 20 to 70) were enrolled. The level of the conus medullaris was assessed based on the T2-weighted sagittal magnetic resonance images, and factors affecting its level were investigated employing multivariate regression analysis including the participants’ background and radiographical parameters. L1 was the most common conus medullaris level. Participant height was significantly shorter in the caudally placed conus medullaris (p = 0.013). With respect to the radiographical parameters, pelvic incidence (p = 0.003), and pelvic tilt (p = 0.03) were significantly smaller in participants with a caudally placed conus medullaris. Multiple regression analysis showed that the pelvic incidence (p < 0.0001) and height (p < 0.0001) were significant factors affecting the conus medullaris level. These results indicated that the length of the spinal cord varies little among individuals and that skeletal differences affect the level of the conus medullaris.

scholarly journals Greenspace, Air Pollution, Neighborhood Factors, and Preeclampsia in a Population-Based Case-Control Study in California

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5127
Author(s):  
Kari A. Weber ◽  
Wei Yang ◽  
Evan Lyons ◽  
David K. Stevenson ◽  
Amy M. Padula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Effect Modification ◽  
Severe Preeclampsia ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
Neighborhood Factors

To investigate preeclampsia etiologies, we examined relationships between greenspace, air pollution, and neighborhood factors. Data were from hospital records and geocoded residences of 77,406 women in San Joaquin Valley, California from 2000 to 2006. Preeclampsia was divided into mild, severe, or superimposed onto pre-existing hypertension. Greenspace within 100 and 500 m residential buffers was estimated from satellite data using normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). Air quality data were averaged over pregnancy from daily 24-h averages of nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter <10 µm (PM10) and <2.5 µm (PM2.5), and carbon monoxide. Neighborhood socioeconomic (SES) factors included living below the federal poverty level and median annual income using 2000 US Census data. Odds of preeclampsia were estimated using logistic regression. Effect modification was assessed using Wald tests. More greenspace (500 m) was inversely associated with superimposed preeclampsia (OR = 0.57). High PM2.5 and low SES were associated with mild and severe preeclampsia. We observed differences in associations between greenspace (500 m) and superimposed preeclampsia by neighborhood income and between greenspace (500 m) and severe preeclampsia by PM10, overall and among those living in higher SES neighborhoods. Less greenspace, high particulate matter, and high-poverty/low-income neighborhoods were associated with preeclampsia, and effect modification was observed between these exposures. Further research into exposure combinations and preeclampsia is warranted.

scholarly journals Delivering Social Housing: An Overview of the Housing Crisis in Dublin

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valesca Lima
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Homeless People ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
Housing Supply ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Family Homelessness ◽  
Housing Policies ◽  
Direct Construction ◽  
The Social

This paper explores the responses to the housing crisis in Dublin, Ireland, by analysing recent housing policies promoted to prevent family homelessness. I argue that private rental market subsides have played an increasing role in the provision of social housing in Ireland. Instead of policies that facilitate the construction of affordable housing or the direct construction of social housing, current housing policies have addressed the social housing crisis by encouraging and relying excessively on the private market to deliver housing. The housing crisis has challenged governments to increase the social housing supply, but the implementation of a larger plan to deliver social housing has not been effective, as is evidenced by the rapid decline of both private and social housing supply and the increasing number of homeless people in Dublin.

scholarly journals Urbanisation and Growth of Slum Population in Jharkhand: A Spatial Analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Rahul Harshwardhan ◽  
V K Tripathy
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Population ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Population Pressure ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Slum Population

The objective of this paper is to examine the relation between the pace of urbanisation and growth of slum population in Jharkhand. This paper also attempts to analyse the trends and patterns of growth of slum population at the district level in Jharkhand. In terms of urbanisation process of India, slums have become an integral part of urban scenario. In India, rapid growth of slums is the result of rural-urban migration of the rural poor to the cities/towns in search of employment in the last two decades. In the absence of any affordable housing, there has been growth of slums in the urban areas of the country. In India, out of a total population of 1.21 billion, 31.30% population resides in the urban areas, but 21.68% (61.8 million) of the total urban population live in the slums. Slums are considered as a major problem within the urban areas, particularly in relation to the issues of transportation, population growth, health and safety. The developing states or regions of India are more prone to this problem due to the lack of infrastructural development and heavy urban population pressure. Like other states of India, Jharkhand too is facing the problem of slums. After its separation from Bihar in 2000, the rate of urbanisation and the rate of growth of slums had gone high. The study reveals that in 2001, there were only 11 urban centers consisting of slum population but in 2011, it reached to 31. The slum population registers 23.68% growth while the urban population growth stands at 32%. This paper is primarily based on secondary data collected from different governmental agencies, particularly the Census data of population to analyse the spatial distribution of slum population in the districts of Jharkhand. This study explores the changing urbanisation scenario in Jharkhand and the growth of slums with respect to it.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with the Quality of Life of Patients with Cancer Undergoing Radiotherapy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-87
Author(s):  
Ki Ho Seol ◽  
Su Hyun Bong ◽  
Dae Hun Kang ◽  
Jun Won Kim
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Financial Difficulty ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Related Quality

Objective Approximately half of patients with cancer have comorbidities, such as adjustment disorder, major depressive disorder, and delirium. Radiotherapy can cause psychological problems, e.g., the fear of treatment and its side effects, anxiety, depression, and social isolation. Health-related quality of life (QoL) must be determined to evaluate the effectiveness of cancer treatment. We analyzed the clinical, psychological, and sociodemographic factors influencing the QoL of patients with cancer who were undergoing radiotherapy.Methods Twenty-six patients undergoing radiotherapy (10 male, 16 female) were included. Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected prior to radiotherapy. Psychosocial factors were assessed by self-reported questionnaires before, immediately after, and 3 months after radiotherapy. A multivariate regression analysis identified factors affecting QoL at each time point.Results Patients’ diagnoses were breast, cervical, prostate, endometrial, rectal, hypopharyngeal, laryngeal, liver, gallbladder, esophageal, ovarian, lung, and skin cancers. Before radiotherapy, better resilience was significantly associated with a higher QoL score (R<sup>2</sup>=0.199, p=0.033). Immediately after radiotherapy, financial difficulty was significantly associated with a lower QoL score (R<sup>2</sup>=0.274, p=0.010). Three months after radiotherapy, the presence of chronic disease (R<sup>2</sup>=0.398, p=0.002) and the severity of nausea and vomiting were significantly associated with a lower QoL score (R<sup>2</sup>=0.278, p=0.014).Conclusion Resilience, financial difficulty, the presence of chronic diseases, and the severity of nausea and vomiting significantly influenced the QoL of patients with cancer who were undergoing radiotherapy. Factors affecting QoL varied at each time point. Thus, patients with cancer should undergo regular mental health assessments, including assessments of QoL. Multidimensional (physical, psychological, and social) approaches and individualized time-based interventions are needed to improve the QoL of cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy.

When a Country Ignores Its Own Data

2021 ◽  
pp. 175-182
Author(s):  
Rob Kitchin
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Property Prices ◽  
Property Data ◽  
Public Data ◽  
Construction Activity ◽  
Vacancy Rates ◽  
Quality Issues

This chapter evaluates the benefits of evidence-informed policy over anecdote through an account of the financial crash in Ireland and the effect of creating public data stories. If politicians, policy makers, local government, the banks and property developers had paid proper attention to the data, the crash may not have happened, or at least might have had a softer landing. Instead, the data were ignored. The census data showed that all the way through the boom, vacancy rates were increasing, housing completions were running way ahead of household increase, more land was being zoned than could realistically be developed, and land and property prices were overheating. As a consequence, Ireland was still paying the price and continuing to experience a housing crisis. While some oversupply still existed in parts of the country, over a decade of suppressed construction activity and rising population had led to a shortage of housing in the cities and their commuter belts. Moreover, Ireland still has an issue with property data, with some datasets being discontinued, some having quality issues, some released in non-open formats and some still non-existent.

Let the Buyer Beware

2019 ◽  
pp. 133-166
Author(s):  
Keeanga-Yamahtta Taylor
Keyword(s):  
African Americans ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Urban Housing ◽  
Disposable Income ◽  
Property Value ◽  
Housing Crisis ◽  
Racist Ideology ◽  
Housing Options

One major problem with the HUD’s response to the urban housing crisis was the quality of the homes made available to working class and poor African Americans. While affordable housing was a government goal, it relied on private businesses that operated in the interest of profit. Additionally, the business of home appraisal was based on the assumption that property value decreased with proximity to African Americans. This racist ideology greatly limited the housing options of working class and poor African Americans. Homes with major issues were deemed inhabitable and sold. Unsuspecting buyers often did not have the disposable income to keep up with home repairs and mortgages. Mortgage lenders made a habit of profiting off houses that went into foreclosure quickly. The HUD was unable to effectively address the predatory practices of the private sector because of low staffing, over-extension, and anti-black racism within the organization.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document