Effects of a 13-Week Chloropentafluorobenzene Inhalation Exposure of Fischer 344 Rats and B6C3F1 Mice

1991 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 309-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin R. Kinkead ◽  
Susan K. Bunger ◽  
Edgar C. Kimmel ◽  
Carlyle D. Flemming ◽  
Henry G. Wall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Chemical Warfare Agents ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Inhalation Study ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Warfare Agents ◽  
Rats And Mice

Chloropentafluorobenzene (CPFB) has been identified as a can didate simulant for nonpersistent chemical warfare agents. Acute toxicity studies have shown that CPFB has limited adverse ef fects on laboratory animals. A 21-day inhalation study of rats and mice to 2.5, 0.8, and 0.25 mg CPFB/liter resulted in re duced weight gain in male and female rats exposed at the high concentration only and identified the liver as a potential target organ. This multiconcentration inhalation study was designed to detect a no-observable-effect level associated with repeated expo sure to CPFB. Male and female rats and mice were exposed to 250, 50, or 10 mg CPFB/m3 (0.25, 0.05, or 0.01 mg CPFB/li ter) for 13 weeks. No treatment-related effects on body weight, clinical chemistries, mortality, absolute or relative organ weight or histopathology were noted.

Species and gender differences in the metabolism and distribution of tertiary amyl methyl ether in male and female rats and mice after inhalation exposure or gavage administration

2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 427-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan C. J. Sumner ◽  
Derek B. Janszen ◽  
Bahman Asgharian ◽  
Timothy A. Moore ◽  
Horace D. Parkinson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Methyl Ether ◽  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Rats And Mice

Comparative pulmonary toxicity of inhaled metalworking fluids in rats and mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 385-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen R Ryan ◽  
Mark F Cesta ◽  
Ronald Herbert ◽  
Amy Brix ◽  
Michelle Cora ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Studies ◽  
Clinical Chemistry ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Metalworking Fluids ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Rats And Mice

Metalworking fluids (MWFs) are complex formulations designed for effective lubricating, cooling, and cleaning tools and parts during machining operations. Adverse health effects such as respiratory symptoms, dermatitis, and cancer have been reported in workers exposed to MWFs. Several constituents of MWFs have been implicated in toxicity and have been removed from the formulations over the years. However, animal studies with newer MWFs demonstrate that they continue to pose a health risk. This investigation examines the hypothesis that unrecognized health hazards exist in currently marketed MWF formulations that are presumed to be safe based on hazard assessments of individual ingredients. In vivo 13-week inhalation studies were designed to characterize and compare the potential toxicity of four MWFs: Trim VX, Cimstar 3800, Trim SC210, and Syntilo 1023. Male and female Wistar Han rats or Fischer 344N/Tac rats and B6C3F1/N mice were exposed to MWFs via whole-body inhalation at concentrations of 0, 25, 50, 100, 200, or 400 mg/m3 for 13 weeks, after which, survival, body and organ weights, hematology and clinical chemistry, histopathology, and genotoxicity were assessed following exposure. Although high concentrations were used, survival was not affected and toxicity was primarily within the respiratory tract of male and female rats and mice. Minor variances in toxicity were attributed to differences among species as well as in the chemical components of each MWF. Pulmonary fibrosis was present only in rats and mice exposed to Trim VX. These data confirm that newer MWFs have the potential to cause respiratory toxicity in workers who are repeatedly exposed via inhalation.

scholarly journals NAFENOPIN-INDUCED HEPATIC MICROBODY (PEROXISOME) PROLIFERATION AND CATALASE SYNTHESIS IN RATS AND MICE

1974 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 344-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jarnardan K. Reddy ◽  
Daniel L. Azarnoff ◽  
Donald J. Svoboda ◽  
Jada D. Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Catalase Activity ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Rapid Reduction ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Rats And Mice ◽  
Catalase Protein

Nafenopin (2-methyl-2[p-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-naphthyl)phenoxy]-propionic acid; Su-13437), a potent hypolipidemic compound, was administered in varying concentrations in ground Purina Chow to male and female rats, wild type (Csa strain) mice and acatalasemic (Csb strain) mice to determine the hepatic microbody proliferative and catalase-inducing effects. In all groups of animals, administration of nafenopin at dietary levels of 0.125% and 0.25% produced a significant and sustained increase in the number of peroxisomes. The hepatic microbody proliferation in both male and female rats and wild type Csa strain mice treated with nafenopin was of the same magnitude and was associated with a two-fold increase in catalase activity and in the concentration of catalase protein. The increase in microbody population in acatalasemic mice, although not accompanied by increase in catalase activity, was associated with a twofold increase in the amount of catalase protein. The absence of sex difference in microbody proliferative response in nafenopin-treated rats and wild type mice is of particular significance, since ethyl-α-p-chlorophenoxyisobutyrate (CPIB)-induced microbody proliferation and increase in catalase activity occurred only in males. Nafenopin can, therefore, be used as an inducer of microbody proliferation and of catalase synthesis in both sexes of rats and mice. The serum glycerol-glycerides were markedly lowered in all the animals given nafenopin, which paralleled the increase in liver catalase. All the above effects of nafenopin were fully reversed when the drug was withdrawn from the diet of male rats. During reversal, several microbody nucleoids were seen free in the hyaloplasm or in the dilated endoplasmic reticulum channels resulting from a rapid reduction in microbody matrix proteins after the withdrawal of nafenopin from the diet. Because of microbody proliferation and catalase induction with increasing number of hypolipidemic compounds, additional studies are necessary to determine the interrelationships of microbody proliferation, catalase induction, and hypolipidemia.

scholarly journals NONCLINICAL STUDY OF THE TOXICITY OF A NEW ANTICANCER DRUG ОRMUSTIN ON SMALL LABORATORY ANIMALS

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. A. Chaley ◽  
O. I. Konyaeva ◽  
N. P. Ermakova ◽  
A. A. Nikolina ◽  
V. M. Bukhman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anticancer Drug ◽  
Intravenous Administration ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Small Laboratory ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hybrid Mice ◽  
Nonclinical Study

The paper presents the results of the study of «acute» toxicity and some results of the study of «subchronic» toxicity of Ormustin, a new anticancer drug belonging to nitrosourea class, in small laboratory animals. In the experiments the laboratory animals - hybrid mice (C57Bl/6J×DBA/2)F1 male and female and outbred male and female rats have been used. On the results of study has been obtained the calculated toxic doses of Ormustin at intravenous administration of the drug in mice and rats; has been given the preliminary assessment of the impact of Ormustin on organs and systems of rats at multiple intravenous administration.

Abstract 269: Cardiac Aging in Rats: Do Female and Male Hearts Age Differently?

2012 ◽  
Vol 111 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduard I Dedkov ◽  
Alessandro Pingitore
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Cardiac Aging ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Systolic Performance

Background: In recent years, the use of middle-aged and old animals of both sexes has become preferential in experimental studies involving the models of cardiovascular diseases to better reflect a human population. However, the evidence showing the extent of sex-related differences in cardiac aging of laboratory animals remains obscure. Accordingly, we designed our study to determine whether the male and female rats differ during aging with regard to left ventricular (LV) geometry and systolic function. Methods: We performed transthoracic echocardiographic examinations in 12-month-old (12mo) and 24 month-old (24mo) male and female Sprague-Dawley rats (Charles River, Wilmington, MA) under 1.5% isoflurane anesthesia using a linear (Matrix) array transducer probe GE M12L (5.5-14.0 MHz) and a GE Vivid 7 Dimension ultrasound system. Two-dimensional short-axis views and M-mode tracings of the LV at the papillary muscle level were recorded and used to estimate various LV parameters. Results: We found that 24mo-Female rats had a significant increase in LV chamber dimensions associated with a reduction in its systolic performance as compared to 12mo-Female rats (Table 1). In contrast, LV parameters remained similar between 12mo- and 24mo-Male rats. Table 1. Echocardiographic parameters of LV chamber geometry and systolic performance Values are means ± SE. Arrow indicates a significant difference between age groups ( P ≤ 0.05). Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that during cardiac aging female rats have a different pattern of LV changes compared to males that must be considered in the design of future experimental studies.

scholarly journals Adolescence and the ontogeny of the hormonal stress response in male and female rats and mice

2016 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
pp. 206-216 ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell D. Romeo ◽  
Ravenna Patel ◽  
Laurie Pham ◽  
Veronica M. So
Keyword(s):  
Stress Response ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Rats And Mice

THE EFFECT OF META-XYLOHYDROQUINONE ON MICE AND RATS

1956 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. KUMARI BATRA ◽  
SAFIA HAKIM
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Reproductive Physiology ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Still Birth ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Rats And Mice

SUMMARY Meta-xylohydroquinone (M-X) in various doses was fed to male and female rats and mice in order to observe its effect on their reproductive physiology. The administration of 1 mg M-X to breeding mice in a single dose resulted in resorption, abortion or still-birth. Toxic effects were not seen with any other dose. It is suggested that the substance may have some effect on the oestrous cycle, causing irregularities. The evidence available from the experiments carried out does not support the view that M-X prevents nidation.

scholarly journals Chronic Inhalation Exposure of Rats for up to 104 Weeks to a Non–Carbon-Based Magnetite Photocopying Toner

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 427-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronald S. Slesinski ◽  
Duncan Turnbull
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Inhalation Exposure ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Acrylic Resin ◽  
Lymphocytic Infiltration ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats ◽  
Carbon Based

Male and female Han Wistar rats were exposed for 6 h/day, 5 days/week for 13 or 104 weeks (whole body) to a magnetite photocopying toner. The toner contained 45% to 50% magnetite, with 45% to 50% styrene acrylic resin and less than 5% external additives, including hydrophobic amorphous silica and proprietary surface functional modifiers. Exposure levels were 1, 5, and 25 mg/m3 for the 13-week study and 1, 4, and 16 mg/m3 for the 104-week study. Lung toner burdens averaged 36, 288, and 604 μg per lung after 104 weeks’ exposure at 1, 4, and 16 mg/m3. The lung burdens were lower than have been reported in a similar study with a carbon-based toner. There were no significant effects on weight gain or food consumption in either study, or on clinical pathology parameters examined in the 13-week study. After 104 weeks’ exposure at 16 mg/m3, macroscopic examination revealed dark discoloration of the lungs and associated lymph nodes. Lung weights were significantly elevated by 21% and 14% for male and female rats, respectively. Microscopic findings indicative of a mild inflammatory response were similar in both studies, and included the presence of black-pigmented macrophages in the lungs and tracheobronchial and mediastinal lymph nodes; increased incidences of perivascular/peribronchiolar inflammatory cell infiltration; inflammation of the alveolar ducts (characterized by aggregations of black-pigmented alveolar macrophages and interstitial lymphocytic infiltration); increased cellularity of the bronchiole-associated lymphoid tissue; and a few instances of alveolar ciliated metaplasia. The 104-week study showed no increase in the incidence of pulmonary tumors.

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