Individual- and School-level Predictors of Latent Profiles of Bullying Victimization: Comparing South Korea and the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052199795
Author(s):  
Yoonsun Han ◽  
Shinhye Lee ◽  
Eunah Cho ◽  
Juyoung Song ◽  
Jun Sung Hong
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Social Disorganization ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
School Level ◽  
Social Disorganization Theory ◽  
Bullying Victimization ◽  
Latent Profiles

This cross-national research investigated nationally representative adolescents from South Korea and the United States, explored similarities and differences in latent profiles of bullying victimization between countries, and examined individual- and school-level variables that predict such latent profiles supported by the Social Disorganization Theory. The fourth-grade sample of the 2015 Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study from South Korea ( N = 4,669) and the United States ( N = 10,029) was used to conduct a latent profile analysis based on eight items of the bullying victimization questionnaire. Multilevel logistic regression was conducted using latent profiles as dependent variables. Independent variables include individual-level (material goods, school absence, academic interest, school belonging) and school-level (concentration of affluent families, school resources, the severity of delinquency, academic commitment) factors. More similarities existed than differences in the latent groups of bullying victimization between South Korea ( rare, low-moderate, verbal-relational-physical, and multi-risk) and the United States ( rare, low-moderate, verbal-relational, and multi-risk). Evidence for school-level variables as predictors of bullying victimization profiles was stronger for adolescents in the United States, with a concentration of affluent families and severity of delinquency being significant in four of the six models. For the South Korean sample, the severity of delinquency predicted bullying victimization in only one model. Examination of both individual- and school-level factors that predict unique bullying victimization experiences grounded in Social Disorganization Theory may be informative for addressing key areas of intervention—especially at the school-level context in which victimization primarily takes place and where anti-bullying intervention programs are often provided.

Researching multiple publics through latent profile analysis: Similarities and differences in science and technology attitudes in China, Japan, South Korea and the United States

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley Pullman ◽  
Michelle Y. Chen ◽  
Danjie Zou ◽  
Benjamin A. Hives ◽  
Yan Liu
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Technology Attitudes ◽  
Latent Profile

How science and technology attitudes vary across the United States, China, South Korea and Japan – all of which top Bloomberg’s list of high-tech centralization – is explored through data from the sixth wave of the World Values Survey (2010–2014). The following study examines the presence of different types of attitudinal groups using latent profile analysis. Not only do unique attitudinal groups exist in each country, but each group is uniquely influenced by select demographic characteristics, including education, age, gender, religiosity, employment status and individual interaction with technology. The findings provide insight into public attitudes towards science and technology across social and cultural contexts and generate nuanced understandings of similar and different attitudinal groups in East Asia and the United States.

Why Who Cleans Counts

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shannon Davis ◽  
Theodore Greenstein
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Power Dynamics ◽  
Latent Trajectory ◽  
Level Data ◽  
High Workload ◽  
Childhood Home ◽  
Over Time

While housework is an often-studied phenomenon, Why Who Cleans Counts frames the performance of housework as a way to understand power dynamics within couples. Using couple-level data from the United States-based National Survey of Families and Households (N = 3,906), we perform Latent Profile Analysis to identify five categories, or classes, of couples: Ultra-traditional, Traditional, Transitional Husbands, Egalitarian, and Egalitarian High Workload. The book describes how the housework classes and the behaviors of the couples within them reveal the power dynamics within the couples, power dynamics that center around gendered norms. Using Latent Trajectory Analysis, we follow the couples over time to examine change and stability in their housework performance; their behavior over time also reveals the use of power in their relationships. Finally, we examine the reported housework time of the adult children of the NSFH couples to determine the extent to which the power dynamics experienced in one’s childhood home shapes one’s own adult gendered performance of housework. The book concludes with suggestions for how practitioners and scholars might use the book’s findings given the changing demographics of the United States.

Research on Neighborhoods in European Cities

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lieven J. R. Pauwels ◽  
Gerben J.N. Bruinsma ◽  
Frank M. Weerman ◽  
Wim Hardyns ◽  
Wim Bernasco
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Social Disorganization ◽  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
The United States ◽  
Social Disorganization Theory ◽  
Crime Victimization ◽  
European Cities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Neighborhood Studies

This chapter provides an overview of European neighborhood studies of crime, victimization, and delinquency that were explicitly guided or inspired by social disorganization theory. Although the origin of social disorganization theory lies in the United States with a long-lasting tradition in urban research, considerable attention has also been given to this perspective in Europe, as well as in other parts of the world. In Europe, a long research tradition of studies on the effects of city or neighborhood characteristics on crime-related outcomes existed before the social disorganization perspective emerged in the United States. Recently, several studies have been conducted in European cities that report findings that differ from those usually found in an American context. Therefore, knowledge about these European studies is paramount for our insights on the role of the neighborhood in crime and criminal behavior.

scholarly journals Unequal Higher Education in the United States: Growing Participation and Shrinking Opportunities

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barrett Taylor ◽  
Brendan Cantwell
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
United States ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
The United States ◽  
Diverse Group ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Limited Opportunity ◽  
Over Time

This paper argues that rising institutional inequality is a component of individual-level inequality in the United States because U.S. higher education provides a diverse group of students with unequal access to different kinds of institutions. Using latent profile analysis, we classified all public and private nonprofit higher education institutions in the U.S. from 2005 to 2013 into seven categories. We held these categories stable over time and allowed institutions to move between them. “Good value” institutions were scarce and tended to limit access through selective admission. Only Subsidy Reliant institutions that were directly supported by government appropriations regularly provided good value seats to a racially diverse group of students. Yet the number of institutions in the Subsidy Reliant category declined markedly over time. The resulting system offered access to many students but provided limited opportunity to secure a good value seat.

scholarly journals The Association between Job Quality Profiles and Work-Life Balance among Female Employees in Korea: A Latent Profile Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1672
Author(s):  
Eun Young Choi ◽  
Seung-Hye Choi ◽  
Haeyoung Lee
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Latent Profile Analysis ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Job Quality ◽  
Work Life Balance ◽  
Ratio Test ◽  
Life Balance ◽  
Female Employees ◽  
Latent Profiles

Women’s participation in society has been increasing; however, they often remain overloaded with housework, and this gender role difference can hinder their work-life balance in Korea. Therefore, this study classified latent profiles according to job quality indices for South Korean female employees and examined the characteristics of each profile and how they affect work-life balance. This study was a secondary analysis of data collected through the fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey in South Korea. The Bayesian information criterion, entropy, and the Lo-Mendell-Rubin adjusted likelihood ratio test were used to determine the number of latent profiles. Chi-square tests were conducted to understand the characteristics of each profile. Comparisons between work-life balance and the latent profiles were made using the Bolck-Croon-Hagenaars method. Female employees in South Korea were classified into five profiles: “high-flying”, “smooth”, ”footloose”, ”strict” and “manual”. The “footloose” profile showed the most positive work-life balance, and the “manual” profile had the highest level of work-family conflict. Therefore, policies and social supports should be created with the aim of improving the implementation of current strategies promoting work-life balance to better fit each working condition.

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