Populist Nationalism and the Challenges of Divided Nationhood: The Politics of Migration, Mobility, and Demography in Post-2010 Hungary

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 962-983
Author(s):  
Myra A. Waterbury
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Population Decline ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Minority Communities ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Europe Today

This article uses the case of post-2010 Hungary to investigate the ways in which the concomitant trends of mobility, migration, and demographic decline may intersect to both challenge and bolster the discourses and policies of nationalist, populist governments in Central and Eastern Europe today. Using an expanded conception of “divided nationhood,” it explores the tensions and continuities in the Hungarian government’s populist discourse of protecting the nation as it is projected onto different national populations: Hungarians within Hungary, Hungarian emigrants, and Hungarian minorities in neighboring countries. While fears of migration and population decline provide useful fuel for the particular brand of populist nationalism we see in places like Hungary, the ability of leaders to offer a coherent and effective narrative of protection for the nation becomes significantly more complex when there are multiple internal and external populations to protect. The article highlights the strategies that the FIDESZ government has employed in order to (1) mobilize antimigrant rhetoric while marginalizing Hungarian emigrants; (2) respond to demographic deficiencies while supporting a conservative, populist narrative; and (3) maintain its access to symbolic, political, and demographic resources within the Hungarian minority communities. These strategies include a discursive reconceptualization of migration as something that comes only from outside Europe, the use of social and economic policies to selectively privilege key segments of the nation and exclude others, and the creation of a regional Hungarian nation with Budapest at the center.

scholarly journals An Integral Cultural Space in Europe and New Challenges for its Economic Development

Ekonomika ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borisas Melnikas
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Cultural Space ◽  
Cultural Policies ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
The Creation

The paper aims to evaluate the main features of the creation and development of an integral cultural space in Europe and the main problems of economic development in the context of the enlargement of the European Union and the transition processes in Central and Eastern Europe.The author has used the outcomes of the research done over the recent several years, dedicated to the diagnostics of the problems of transformations as well as economic and social development in Central and Eastern Europe with a special reference to the development of the integral cultural space and human rights in the context of economic development in the European Union.The major findings show that the creation and development of the integral cultural space in Europe is a very complex and controversial process, and in its course various problems and conflicts arise. Therefore, to encourage the creation of the integral cultural space in Europe, appropriate cultural policies are necessary to be implemented.These policies may embrace many priorities including- preservation of cultural diversity;- adaptation and dissemination of integrated European dimensions;- elimination of inappropriate factors within humanism and democracy of all European countries;- provision of equal rights for all groups of modern society.For implementation of key priorities of cultural policies, the use of a number of special pan-European programmes is suggested.The new non-traditional ideas of a possible economic and social development in Central and Eastern Europe are discussed.

White Knights On Chargers: Using The US Approach To Promote Roma Rights In Europe?

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 1431-1447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Morag Goodwin
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Racial Discrimination ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Positive Part ◽  
American States ◽  
The Us ◽  
Europe Today ◽  
The U.S

North Carolina has, like most American states, played its (not always positive) part in the struggle against what Clinton, back in 1997 when the U.S. had more domestic concerns on its mind, called “America's constant curse”. But racial discrimination is not, of course, simply America's curse. Europe, for all its self-righteousness of late, has certainly not escaped it. Despite the prevalence of racial discrimination right across the geographic expression of Europe, this paper shall concentrate on a particular set of countries – those termed Central and Eastern Europe – and on a particular group – the Roma, widely acknowledged as the most marginalised and discriminated in Europe today.

Introduction: Politics and Current Challenges of Demography in Central and Eastern Europe

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 879-892
Author(s):  
Tsveta Petrova ◽  
Tomasz Inglot
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Special Section ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Demographic Challenges ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Europe Today

This article belongs to the special cluster, “Politics and Current Demographic Challenges in Central and Eastern Europe,” guest-edited by Tsveta Petrova and Tomasz Inglot. In this article, we introduce a multidisciplinary and multimethod, special section on the intersection of politics, policy, and the current challenges of demography in Hungary and Poland. We argue that aging, declining fertility, and migration as well as their politicization all deserve urgent attention as some of the most pressing concerns for most of Central and Eastern Europe today. Accordingly, we first use European Commission data to paint a comparative picture of the demographic challenges that the region faces. We then introduce the article contributions in the special section that examine aging, declining fertility, and migration. Next we turn to the question of the politicization of these demographic challenges. We discuss how the proposed special section speaks to two important but previously rarely linked debates taking place within the social sciences today: (1) the voluminous literature on the demographic changes and policies in Central and Eastern Europe, including their ethnic and cultural dimensions, and (2) the expanding scholarship on the rise of nationalist populism and decline in the quality of liberal democracy in the region. Lastly, we summarize the arguments of the contributing authors, who pay closer attention to policy responses to and the politicization of the demographic challenges faced by Central and Eastern Europe.

scholarly journals Przez język ukrycia po słowo na „g”. Kim są bohaterowie czasów queer before gay?

2019 ◽  
pp. 193-208
Author(s):  
Tomasz Łukasz Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Homosexual Men ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Homosexual Identity

Who (and what) was silent about the story told by heteronormative society? And how is the fragment of this story seen by “Others”? The article shows that the time of “queer before gay” includes (in Polish) not only well-known names such as: aunt or pedal, but also slang: ‘lala’ (doll), ‘przyjaciółki’ (friends), ‘siostry’ (sisters in Polish, girls in English), gays “from the outside of society”, as well as heterosexuals who got a ticket to the alternative world of the excluded. I tell this story from the perspective of the performative function of language (Althusser, Austin, Butler) and mechanisms of knowledge/power (Foucault). I focus on the activities of homosexual men encoded in their “hiding language” (sociopolitan gay). I show how the creation of the “homosexual” identity closed the community of aunts and pedals in a precisely defined form. And how camp and queering reality allowed them to function in this form. This article is thus another element of decoding the so-called language of concealment, so-called sociolect of Polish gays (aunts and pedals) and queering history of Poland (part of the queering history of Central and Eastern Europe).

scholarly journals Transformation Processes in Central and Eastern Europe: Liberalization, Integral Cultural Space and Social Environment for Economic Development

Ekonomika ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borisas Melnikas
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Economic Space ◽  
Cultural Policies ◽  
New Challenges ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Transformation Processes

The paper aims to evaluate the main features of the creation and development of an integral cultural and economic space in Europe, the main problems of economic and social development and provision of equal rights in the context of the transition processes in Central and Eastern Europe.Transformation processes in Central and Eastern Europe are described. The new challenges for economic development and social-oriented changes are analysed.In the paper, results of a research done over the recent several years into the diagnostics of the problems of transformations as well as economic and social development in Central and Eastern Europe are used, with a focus on the development of the integral space and human rights.The major findings show that the creation and development of an integral space in Europe is a very complex and controversial process implying various problems and conflicts. Therefore, to encourage the creation of an integral space in Europe, appropriate cultural policies should be implemented. These policies may embrace many priorities includingthe preservation of cultural diversity;adaptation and dissemination of integrated European dimensions;elimination of factors incompatible with humanism and democracy in all European countries;provision of equal rights to all groups of society.For implementing the key priorities of cultural policies, a number of pan-European special programmes are suggested.New non-traditional ideas regarding the possible economic and social development of Central and Eastern Europe are discussed.

scholarly journals THE SCOPE OF FUNCTIONS AND STRENGHT OF INSTITUTIONS IN ECONOMIC POLICY OF THE EU MEMBER STATES FROM CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPE. CONCEPTION OF ANALYSIS

Ekonomika ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-21
Author(s):  
Ireneusz Jaźwiński
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Socioeconomic Development ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Economic Policies ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Economic Development And Growth ◽  
International Comparative ◽  
The Eu

The manner of conducting economic policy determines various phenomena and socio-economic processes, including economic development and growth, to a considerable degree. A significant role in economic and social sciences is attributed to international comparative studies. The aim of the study was introduction of the conception for analysis of the scope of functions and strength of institutions on an exampleof the national policies of the EU member states from Central and Eastern Europe.The paper introduces the selected dimensions of economic policy in the EU member states from Central and Eastern Europe. On the basis of the use of existing indices, the measures of these dimensions are proposed. Also, elements of the typology of economic policies of these countries considering the selected policy dimensions are presented.The analyses show that there are differences among national economic policies of particular states of Central and Eastern Europe. From the standpoint of economic policy and its dimensions, the situation is most favourable in countries with the most powerful institutions: the Czech Republic and Estonia. It is crucial to strive after improvement of the quality of institutions in individual states, which should result in a faster socioeconomic development and an increased efficiency of the public authorities.

21. Post-Communist Central and Eastern Europe

2018 ◽  
pp. 322-340
Author(s):  
Christian W. Haerpfer ◽  
Kseniya Kizilova
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
New Democracies ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Creation

This chapter examines the democratic revolutions that occurred in post-communist Europe since 1989. It first considers the beginning of the decline of communism and the failed attempts to reform communist one-party states from 1970 to 1988 as stage one of democratization. It then discusses the end of communist regimes as the second stage of democratization—between 1989 and 1991. It also looks at stage three of the democratization process, which focuses on the creation of new democracies. The chapter concludes with an assessment of the main drivers of successful democratization in post-communist Europe.

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